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Asociación Nacional de Empresarios de Locales de Alterne

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Asociación Nacional de Empresarios de Locales de Alterne
IndustryProstitution
Founded2000
Headquarters
Valencia
,
Spain
Area served
Spain
Key people
José Luis Navarro Roberto
José Roca
Manuel Salazar Aguado
Ernesto Milá[1]

The Asociación Nacional de Empresarios de Locales de Alterne (ANELA) (National Association of Alternate Local Businessmen) is an association of businessmen involved in prostitution venues.[2] It is located in Valencia and is aligned with the far-right, specifically España 2000.[3] It is the main organisation related to prostitution[4] and an important pressure group in its field.[5]

The official business model for the member clubs is to allow prostitutes to work independently of the venue, paying only for the rent of rooms and drinks.[6] However, in a ruling from the High Court of Justice of Andalusia,[7] the "Mossos d'Esquadra and the testimonies of many sex workers" show this is not the case.[8]

Aims

The association works to give a positive image of the business involved in prostitution.[9] It defends the legalisation of prostitution claiming that it would bring economic security to prostitutes,[10] through a legal framework that regulates the sector.[11] It also "defends the exclusion of minors and drugs in their businesses [and] base the activities on the free will of the prostitute, the client and the entrepreneur of the clubs".[12] They also criticise street prostitution using hygiene arguments.[13][14] Some, but not all, of these points align with sexual workers's objectives.[3]

The requirements to become a member are:[15]

  • To be a businessman from a recognised company.
  • Not being involved in illegal drugs.
  • Not to allow the involvement of minors.

The association has been criticised in that its criticism of street prostitution favours the association's mode of business: prostitution in its premises is the only type of prostitution that provides them with income.[14] The apparent defence of sex workers is only motivated by their business interests, according to E. Villa Camarma.[16]

While the beliefs and aims of the association have been publicised the media, it has almost always been contrasted with data from other sources.[17]

History

The association was founded in 2000,[11] at a time when there was a certain tolerance of prostitution in Spain after prostitution was decriminalised,[18] and its constitution formalised the following year.[19] Among its founders was José Luis Navarro Roberto.[20]

In 2001, ANELA denounced a case of trafficking in people in which a Romanian and a Lithuanian were the victims.[21] The following year, the association applied to join the CEOE.[22]

In 2003, ANELA offered the councils of Valencia and Madrid funding for a pilot scheme to make hotels available to street prostitutes during a trial period.[23] In January 2004 they criticised the reform in article 188.1 of the Criminal Code, which made exploiting the prostitution of another person an offence. This followed a ruling from the Higher Court of Andalusia requiring club owners to register prostitutes for Social security.[24]

In 2006 about four hundred clubs were members of the association.[5]

Judicial operation Operació Il·lusionista (Operation Illusionist) uncovered an exploitation network in Coslada, Madrid in 2008. ANELA alleged that it did not know that such practices existed.[25] Two business associates (owners of the Riviera and Saratoga clubs) ended up in jail for being involved, as did two police officers.[26] That same year ANELA criticised a campaign to persuade men to abstain from using the services of prostitution, which was organised by the city council of Seville.[27]

In 2009 they criticised the Plan Integral de Lucha contra la Trata de Seres Humanos con fines de explotación sexual (Comprehensive Plan to Combat Human Trafficking for Sexual Purposes) and pointed out the ambiguity of two High Courts of Justice rulings: one in Galicia established that prostitution is a person's own economic activity while the other from Catalonia considers that he is someone else's.[28]

The former secretary, José Luis Roberto, resigned in 2011 because his extreme right wing activities could give a bad image to the businesses associated with ANELA.[29] That same year ANELA criticised the Generalitat Valenciana for removing the association's advertising from buses, claiming discrimination.[30]

In 2015 it was found that some clubs had underage employees. The association explained that they were tricked by the presentation of falsified documentation.[31] In the same year, the association complained about the lack of a regulatory framework that is only present in an exemplary way in Catalonia.[32]

See also

References

  1. ^ "El libro "Los amos de la prostitución en España" señala a la extrema derecha como dueña del negocio". www.profesionalespcm.org. 2 December 2007. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  2. ^ Arella et al. 2006, pp. 10, 17.
  3. ^ a b Arella et al. 2006, p. 53.
  4. ^ Curiel 2008, p. 6.
  5. ^ a b Arella et al. 2006, p. 18.
  6. ^ Arella et al. 2006, pp. 53–54.
  7. ^ Arella et al. 2006, p. 132.
  8. ^ Arella et al. 2006, p. 74.
  9. ^ Charfolet et al. 2014, p. 93.
  10. ^ Curiel 2008, p. 28.
  11. ^ a b Allue, Alejandro (17 July 2004). "Los empresarios de los locales de alterne abogan por regular el sector". El Periódico de Aragón (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  12. ^ Curiel 2008, p. 29.
  13. ^ Arella et al. 2006, p. 98.
  14. ^ a b Villa_Camarma 2010, p. 166.
  15. ^ Emakunde 2007, p. 16.
  16. ^ Villa_Camarma 2010, p. 167.
  17. ^ Charfolet et al. 2014, p. 96.
  18. ^ Rodríguez-Armas 2008, p. 267.
  19. ^ Sanz 2004, p. 34.
  20. ^ Acosta, María Santillana. "Manuel Carballal trafica con mujeres en su nueva investigación basura, El Catoblepas 25:24, 2004". www.nodulo.org (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  21. ^ País, Ediciones El (9 September 2001). "La Asociación de Locales de Alterne pide regularizar a dos víctimas de la 'trata de blancas'". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  22. ^ Munoz, Ignasi (29 November 2002). "Los clubs de alterne piden entrar en la patronal CEOE". El Periódico de Aragón (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  23. ^ "Los clubes de alterne ofrecen hoteles gratuitos a prostitutas de la calle". ABC (in Spanish). 13 December 2003.
  24. ^ "Los dueños de clubes de alterne dicen que contratar prostitutas 'institucionaliza el proxenetismo'". www.elmundo.es (in Spanish). 12 January 2004. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  25. ^ "La Asociación de Clubes de Alterne dice que "hay mucha gente que permitió todo esto"". 20minutos.es - Últimas Noticias (in Spanish). 10 May 2008. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  26. ^ Navarro, Mayka; Alblat, J G (19 March 2009). "La patronal de los clubs de alterne acusará a los policías sobornados". El Periodico (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  27. ^ "Locales de Alterne recuerdan que "ser cliente de una prostituta no está penado"". ecodiario.eleconomista.es (in Spanish). 29 August 2008. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  28. ^ "Empresarios de clubs de alterne creen que el plan contra la trata con fines sexuales "clandestiniza" más la prostitución". www.europapress.es (in Spanish). Europa Press. 26 March 2009. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  29. ^ "José L. Roberto dimite como secretario de la Asociación de Locales de Alterne". www.levante-emv.com (in Spanish). 3 February 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  30. ^ "Los clubs de alterne ven "cínico" quitar la publicidad en los buses". www.levante-emv.com (in Spanish). 3 February 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  31. ^ Gozalo, José Manuel (18 February 2015). "La Asociación de Clubes de Alterne reconoce la prostitución de menores". Cadena SER (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  32. ^ Maluenda, A. (11 February 2015). "Empresarios y entidades sociales discrepan sobre la "presión" a los clientes de la prostitución". heraldo.es (in Spanish). Heraldo de Aragón. Retrieved 3 March 2019.

Bibliography

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