Carlo Somigliana

Carlo Somigliana
Born	(1860-09-20)20 September 1860 Como, Italy
Died	20 June 1955(1955-06-20) (aged 94) Casanova Lanza, Italy
Nationality	Italian
Alma mater	Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
Known for	Somigliana identity
Scientific career
Fields	Mathematical physics Theory of elasticity Glaciology
Doctoral advisor	Eugenio Beltrami

Carlo Somigliana (20 September 1860 – 20 June 1955) was an Italian mathematician and a classical mathematical physicist, faithful member of the school of Enrico Betti and Eugenio Beltrami. He made important contributions to linear elasticity: the Somigliana integral equation, analogous to Green's formula in potential theory, and the Somigliana dislocations are named after him. Other fields he contribute to include seismic wave propagation, gravimetry and glaciology. One of his ancestors was Alessandro Volta: precisely, the great Como physicist was an ancestor of Carlo's mother, Teresa Volta.

Life and career

Carlo Somigliana began his university studies in Pavia, where he was a student of Eugenio Beltrami. Later he moved to Pisa and had Betti among his teachers: in Pisa he established a lifelong friendship with Vito Volterra, who was one of his classmates, lasted until the death of the latter. He graduated from Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa in 1881. In 1887 Somigliana began teaching as an assistant at the University of Pavia. In 1892, as the result of a competitive examination, he was appointed as University Professor of Mathematical Physics. Somigliana was called to Turin University in 1903, to hold the Chair of Mathematical Physics: He held the position until his retirement in 1935, and then he moved to Milan to live there. During the World War II, his Milan apartment was destroyed, and he moved to his family villa in Casanova Lanza: though he retired from all his teaching duties after 1935, he did scientific research until close to his death in 1955.

Honors

On the July 20, 1897, he was elected corresponding member of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei: subsequently, on 17 September 1908, he was elected national member. On January 18, 1939, he was elected member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.

Selected publications

Historical, biographical and commemorative works

• Somigliana, Carlo (December 1909), "Giacinto Morera", Il Nuovo Cimento, Serie V (in Italian), 17 (1): 191–194, Bibcode:1909NCim...17..191S, doi:10.1007/BF02709438, JFM 40.0038.03.
• Somigliana, Carlo (24 April 1910), "Giacinto Morera", Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino (in Italian), 45 (1): 573–583, Bibcode:1909NCim...17..191S, doi:10.1007/BF02709438, JFM 41.0023.04.
• Somigliana, Carlo (1910a), "Commemorazione del Socio nazionale prof. Giacinto Morera", Rendiconti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche, Naturali, Serie V (in Italian), 19 (1): 604–612, JFM 41.0023.05.
• Somigliana, Carlo (1942), "Vito Volterra. Discorso commemorativo pronunciato nella Prima Tornata Ordinaria del Sesto Anno Accademico, il 30 novembre 1941 (cum 2 tab.)" (PDF), Acta Pontificia Academia Scientarum, 6: 57–86, JFM 68.0018.15, MR 0026620, Zbl 0060.01808. The "Commemorative address pronounced on the occasion of the first seance of the sixth academic year, on the 30th of November 1941" (English translation of the title) by Carlo Somigliana, colleague and friend of Vito Volterra.

See also

• Boundary element method
• Somigliana equation

References

Biographical and general references

• Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (2014), Annuario dell'Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei 2014 – CDXII dalla Sua Fondazione (PDF) (in Italian), Roma: Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, p. 687, archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-12, retrieved 2015-05-31. The "Yearbook" of the renowned Italian scientific institution, including an historical sketch of its history, the list of all past and present members as well as a wealth of information about its academic and scientific activities.
• Agostinelli, Cataldo (1955), "Necrologio di Carlo Somigliana", Bollettino dell'Unione Matematica Italiana, Serie 3 (in Italian), 10 (4): 650–656, Zbl 0066.00802. The "Obituary of Carlo Somigliana".
• Fichera, Gaetano (1979), "Il contributo italiano alla teoria matematica dell'elasticità", Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo, Serie II (in Italian), XXVIII (1): 5–26, doi:10.1007/BF02849579, MR 0564544, Zbl 0433.73002. "The Italian contribution to the mathematical theory of elasticity" is a survey paper describing the Italian contributions to the field of elasticity, including brief sketches of the biographies of the main scientists involved.
• Roero, C.S. (4 February 2005), Carlo Somigliana (20/09/1860–19/06/1955) (in Italian), archived from the original on 7 December 2010, retrieved 11 January 2011.
• Tricomi, G. F. (1962), "Carlo Somigliana", Matematici italiani del primo secolo dello stato unitario, Memorie dell'Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. Classe di Scienze fisiche matematiche e naturali. Series IV (in Italian), vol. I, p. 120, Zbl 0132.24405. Available from the website of the Società Italiana di Storia delle Matematiche.

Scientific references

• Cheng, Alexander H.-D.; Cheng, Daisy T. (2005), "Heritage and early history of the boundary element method", Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 29 (3): 268–302, doi:10.1016/j.enganabound.2004.12.001, Zbl 1182.65005.
• Gurtin, Morton E. (1983) [1972], "The Linear Theory of elasticity", in Flügge, Siegfried; Truesdell, Clifford A. (eds.), Festkörpermechanik/Mechanics of Solids, Handbuch der Physik (Encyclopedia of Physics), vol. VIa/2, Berlin–Heidelberg–New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 1–295, ISBN 3-540-13161-2 ISBN 0-387-13161-2.

External links

• Carlo Somigliana at the Academy of Sciences of Turin
• Carlo Somigliana at the Pontifical Academy of Sciences