Mokum
Mokum (מקום) is the Yiddish word for "place" or "safe haven".[1] It is similar to the Hebrew word makom (מקום, "place"), from which it is derived.[2]
| City | Yiddish | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Alkmaar | Mokum Aye | - |
| Amsterdam | Mokum Alef | City A |
| Berlin | Mokum Beis | City B |
| Delft | Mokum Dollet | City D |
| Rotterdam | Mokum Resh | City R |
| Winschoten | Mokum van het Noorden | City of the North |
In Yiddish, the names for some cities in the Netherlands and Germany were shortened to Mokum and had the first letter of the name of the city, transliterated into the Hebrew alphabet, added to them. Cities named this way were Amsterdam, Berlin, Delft, and Rotterdam.[3]
Mokum, without Aleph, is still commonly used as a nickname in the Netherlands for the city of Amsterdam. The nickname was first considered to be bargoens, a form of Dutch slang, but in the 20th century it lost its negative sound and is now used by Amsterdammers as a nickname for their city in a sentimental context.[4] Examples are Mokum 700, an exhibit in the RAI Amsterdam Convention Centre celebrating the 700th anniversary of Amsterdam in 1975,[5] or "Mama Mokum", a song about Amsterdam by Ramses Shaffy from 1997.[6]
References
- ^ "Yiddish Dictionary Online". Archived from the original on July 13, 2015.
- ^ "Milon". Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-08-11.
- ^ Martens, Hadewych (2006-09-26). "Jiddisch, ontstaan en etymologie". www.ety.nl. Archived from the original on 2006-10-07. Retrieved 2007-08-11.
- ^ Berns, Jan; Daan, Jo (1992). Hij zeit wat. De Amsterdamse volkstaal (in Dutch). The Hague: BZZTôH. p. 66. ISBN 90-6291-756-9.
- ^ 700-jarig bestaan van Amsterdam 1275-1975, Amsterdam City Archives. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
- ^ Ramses '97, Discogs. Retrieved 2020-02-11.