Chrysler A57 multibank
| Chrysler A57 Multibank | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Chrysler |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | Multibank (5-bank W30) |
| Displacement | 1,253 cu in (20.5 L) |
| Cylinder bore | 3.4375 in (87 mm) |
| Piston stroke | 4.5 in (114 mm) |
| Compression ratio | 6.2:1 |
| Combustion | |
| Fuel system | Naturally aspirated (i.e., unsupercharged), Carter TD-1 carburetors[1] |
| Fuel type | Gasoline |
| Cooling system | Liquid |
| Output | |
| Power output | 370 hp (276 kW) @ 2400 rpm |
The Chrysler A57 Multibank is a 30-cylinder 1,253 cu in (20.5 L) engine that was created in 1941 as America entered World War II. It was born out of the necessity for a rear-mounted tank engine to be developed and produced in the shortest time possible for use in the M3A4 Lee medium tank and its successor M4A4 Sherman medium tank. Each had lengthened hulls to accommodate the A57.
In order to use existing tooling, five Chrysler 250.6 cu in (4.1 L) (bore 3.4375 in or 87 mm, stroke 4.5 in or 114 mm)[1] L-head inline six cylinder engines were arranged around a central shaft, producing a unique 30-cylinder 21-litre (1,253 cu in)[1] engine in a relatively compact but heavy package. The crankshafts were fitted with gears, which drove a sun gear arrangement.[2] With iron block and head,[1] it featured Carter TD-1 carburetors[1] and 6.2:1 compression ratio,[1] for an output of 370 hp (280 kW) at 2400 rpm.[1] It necessitated a longer hull (same as the M4A6),[3] becoming the M4A4;[3] most of these were supplied to Allied countries under Lend-Lease.[3]
In the February 1944 issue of the magazine Popular Science, an advertisement by Chrysler claimed the A57 could still move the tank it was fitted in even if 12 out of its 30 cylinders were knocked out.[4]
A total of 109 Lees and 7,499 Shermans were fitted with the A57. The M4A4 was largely supplied to the British, the US preferring the M4A3 with the more conventional Ford GAA V8 engine, and restricting their M4A4s to overseas use.[5]
Museum display
The engine was preserved at the Walter P. Chrysler Museum in America[6] and at the Imperial War Museum Duxford in the United Kingdom.[7] The Tank Museum in Dorset, England has a complete A57.[8] That museum also acquired a second engine without radiator in 2019, from the UK Defence Academy at Shrivenham.[citation needed] Both are currently in storage in the museum's Conservation Centre.[citation needed]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Berndt, Thomas (1993). Standard Catalog of U.S. Military Vehicles. Krause Publications. p. 193. ISBN 0-87341-223-0.
- ^ Berndt, p.190.
- ^ a b c Berndt, p.192.
- ^ Popular Science, February 1944, p.7. https://books.google.com/books?id=oiUDAAAAMBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0_0#PPP1,M1
- ^ Fletcher The Universal Tank, p 70
- ^ "Walter P. Chrysler Museum closing today", Autoblog, December 31, 2012
- ^ John Christopher (2014), Sherman M4 Medium Tank the War Machine, Amberley Publishing Limited, p. 28, ISBN 978-1445638768
- ^ "The Tank Museum". Twitter. July 10, 2018. Retrieved 2020-02-11.
External links
- The Chrysler A57 Multi-Bank Engine - An amazing engine by Julian Edgar of AutoSpeed.
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