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PC²

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PC2 may also refer to the second principal component in principal component analysis

PC² is the Programming Contest Control System developed at California State University, Sacramento in support of Computer Programming Contest activities of the ACM, and in particular the ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest. It was used to conduct the ACM ICPC World Finals in 1990 and from 1994 through 2009. In 2010, the ACM ICPC World Finals switched to using Kattis, the KTH automated teaching tool; however, PC2 continues to be used for a large number of ICPC Regional Contests around the world.

Computer programming contests and PC²

Computer programming contest have rules and methods for judging submissions. The following describes in a general way a contest where PC2 is used.

A computer programming contest is a competition where teams submit (computer program) solutions to judges. The teams are given a set of problems to solve in a limited amount of time (for example 8-13 problems in 5 hours). The judges then give pass/fail judgements to the submitted solutions. Team rankings are computed based on the solutions, when the solutions were submitted and how many attempts were made to solve the problem. The judges test in a Black box testing where the teams do not have access to the judges' test data.

PC2 manages single or multi-site programming contests. It provides a team a way to log in, test solutions, submit solutions and view judgements from judges. PC2 provides judges a way to request team solutions (from a PC2 server) run/execute the solution and enter a judgment. The PC2 scoreboard module computes and creates standings and statistics web pages (HTML/XML)

Usage and User Experiences

PC2 was used for the ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest World Finals from 1994–2009. It has also been used in hundreds of ICPC Regional Contests around the world. It has been used continuously by the ACM Pacific Northwest Regional Contest since 1989, as well as by many other ICPC Regional Contests including the Arab and North Africa Region, numerous Regional Contests in Asia, and several Regional Contests in the U.S. It remains today the single most widely used Contest Control System for ICPC Regional Contests.[1]

PC2 has been in use by the ACM Mid-Atlantic Programming Contest for several years. In earlier years, systems administrators had limited success with the program due to its distributed nature. Each of the contest sites ran a PC2 server which needed to initiate and accept Java RMI. Using a central datacenter in the fall of 2005 revealed no problems. In 2014, PC2 crashed 3:45h into the contest, preventing teams from obtaining receipts for their submissions. Judges were unable to retrieve submissions - the contest ended without announcing a winner. It took one week to try to recover those submissions. A similar failure occurred in 2016. System administrators had decided to deploy a web add-on to PC2 which then failed under load. The contest start time was delayed by 90 minutes. Teams were unable to submit problems and the contest director scrambled to find a work-around that let teams save problems with a time stamp to be considered later. In 2013, system operators failed to enter the correct team names, leaving teams without information about the standings in the contest (the scoreboard). System operators were unable to correct the team names during the contest. Because of these incidents, organizers of the region are now considering moving to an alternative system, such as Kattis, which is the official system used by ACM for the ICPC World Finals.

With the introduction of version 9 (socket-based version) delays, most firewall issues with version 8 have been addressed.

A brief revision history

Version Year Main Features Implementation Language
1.0 1989 Initial Release MS-DOS, floppy disk communication Turbo Pascal
2.0 1990 Multi-site via Kermit Turbo Pascal
4.2B 1994 LAN support Turbo Pascal
6.1 1996 Windows version Visual Basic
7.0 1998 Windows, FreeBSD, or Linux; Java RMI communication IBM VisualAge for Java
8.0 2004 Complete code rewrite Eclipse Java
9.0 2008 Single Site Admin, Improved security and configuration control, socket-based communication Java
9.1 2009 Automated Judging, Run/Clar Filtering, External API, ICPC Data Importing, Native LAF Java
9.2 2012 Non-GUI Server, Security Improvements, Admin control of Servers, New configuration options, Report Generation Java
9.3 2015 Contest configuration via YAML, CLICS Event Feed generator, Contest Profile switching, Web Interface, support for Multiple Test Cases and Large Data Files, Non-GUI Judge, Command-line Run Submission, Embedded webserver providing support for CLICS JSON scoreboards, new Configuration Options Java
9.4 2016 Improved contest configuration importing; support for automatic contest starting; expanded REST Web Services Java
9.5 2017 Support for CLICS Input and Output Validators; Additional REST Web Services; Enhanced API functionality; Non-GUI Scoreboards Java

[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ Survey of ICPC Regional Contest Directors, ICPC RCD Symposium, ICPC World Finals, May 2017, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA
  2. ^ Release History

Other uses

  • PC² is the abbreviation of the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing, an institute of the Paderborn University, Germany (http://www.upb.de/pc2)
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