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Pauline Van de Graaf Orr

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Pauline Van de Graaf Orr
A white woman with dark hair, eyes, and brows. She is wearing a high-collared white lace blouse, and her hair is in an updo.
Pauline Van de Graaf Orr, from a 1910 yearbook.
BornNovember 5, 1861
Chickasaw County, Mississippi
DiedNovember 21, 1955
New York City
Occupation(s)Educator, suffragist

Pauline Van de Graaf Orr (November 5, 1861 – November 21, 1955) was an American educator and suffragist based in Mississippi.

Early life and education

Orr was born in Chickasaw County, Mississippi, the daughter of Jehu Amaziah Orr and Cornelia Ewing Van de Graaf Orr. Her father was a federal judge and state legislator, and a Confederate States Army officer during the American Civil War.[1] Her mother was from Alabama.[2][3] Governor, senator, and Speaker of the House James Lawrence Orr was her uncle.[1]

Orr attended a boys' school, because she wanted to learn Latin and mathematics. She pursued further education at Packer Collegiate Institute in New York, and studied German at the Diehl School for Oratory.[4] Later in life, in 1912, she earned a master's degree from Columbia University.[2][3]

Career

From 1885, when the school opened, Orr was head of the English department at Mississippi's new Industrial Institute and College for the Education of White Women (now the Mississippi University for Women).[5] She remained on the school's faculty for 28 years, until her resignation in 1913.[6][7] One of her students was writer Blanche Colton Williams. Orr said of her career at the Institute, "I have desired, above everything else, the mental enfranchisement of the girls of Mississippi. I have tried to help them to realize and express themselves."[3]

Orr was also a sought-after speaker off-campus. In 1891, she spoke on women's education to the Mississippi Teachers' Association.[2][4] In 1915, she spoke on "Women's Clubs and Modern Industrial Life" at the Carnegie Library in Jackson, Mississippi.[8]

After leaving academia, Orr was active in the Mississippi Woman Suffrage Association,[4] and testified in favor of women's suffrage at a hearing in the Mississippi State House of Representatives in 1914. In 1915, she became president of the association, and in that capacity lectured across the state,[9] attended suffrage meetings in other states,[10] and organized local suffrage groups and events.[11] She was also active in the Daughters of the American Revolution.[2][3]

Personal life and legacy

Orr had a long personal relationship with a fellow faculty member, classicist Miriam Greene Paslay.[12] They lived together, and traveled together in Europe during joint sabbaticals in 1893 and 1905. The pair moved to New York City together in 1920, and shared a home with Orr's nephew and a former student. Paslay died in 1932, and Orr died in 1955, aged 89 years, in New York.[13] In her nineties, she could still recite passages from Chaucer, and enjoyed visits with former students.[14]

A building on the campus of the Mississippi University for Women was named in her honor in 1954.[15] It currently houses the university's Center for Women's Research and Public Policy.[16] Some of her letters are in the Jehu A. Orr Papers at the Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.[17]

References

  1. ^ a b "Mississippi Judge Dies in New York". Jackson Daily News. 1921-03-12. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-09-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ^ a b c d Fishkin, Christine M. "Biographical Sketch of Pauline Van de Graaf Orr". Alexander Street Documents. Retrieved 2020-09-01.
  3. ^ a b c d Kohn, Sheldon S. "Orr, Pauline Van de Graaf". Mississippi Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2020-09-01.
  4. ^ a b c Wilkerson-Freeman, Sarah. "Pauline Van de Graaf Orr (1861-1955): Feminist Education in Mississippi" in Martha H. Swain, Elizabeth Anne Payne, Marjorie Julian Spruill, eds., Mississippi Women: Their Histories, Their Lives (University of Georgia Press 2003) . ISBN 9780820325033
  5. ^ Kohn, Sheldon (2007-05-03). "The Literary and Intellectual Impact of Mississippi's Industrial Institute and College, 1884-1920". English Dissertations.
  6. ^ "Resolutions are Adopted". Jackson Daily News. 1913-06-04. p. 6. Retrieved 2020-09-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ "Make Defense of Miss Pauline V. Orr". The Yazoo Herald. 1914-08-14. p. 7. Retrieved 2020-09-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^ "Miss Orr's Lecture". Jackson Daily News. 1915-03-26. p. 3. Retrieved 2020-09-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ "Miss Orr Coming to Kosciusko". The Star-Herald. 1917-02-23. p. 1. Retrieved 2020-09-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ "Mississippi Woman's Suffrage President". The Chattanooga News. 1915-11-27. p. 6. Retrieved 2020-09-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^ "State President of Equal Suffrage Association Visits Winona". The Winona Times. 1917-02-16. p. 1. Retrieved 2020-09-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ Grantham, Misty LaChelle (2008). A "Boston marriage" in Mississippi: the relationship of Pauline Van de Graaf Orr and Miriam Greene Paslay, 1891-1932 (Thesis).
  13. ^ "Miss Pauline Orr, English Professor". The New York Times. 1955-11-22. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-09-02.
  14. ^ "Pauline V. Orr Building at MSCW to be Dedicated; Honors Founding Teacher". Clarion-Ledger. 1954-10-24. p. 12. Retrieved 2020-09-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^ "Speech Building at MSCW Named". Scott County Times. 1954-08-19. p. 5. Retrieved 2020-09-02.
  16. ^ "Center for Women's Research and Public Policy: About Us". MUW. Retrieved 2020-09-02.
  17. ^ "Jehu A. Orr Papers, 1751-1920". Southern Historical Collection, Wilson Library, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Retrieved 2020-09-02.
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