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List of knights banneret of England

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Listed here are those dubbed knight banneret in England.

Under English custom the rank of knight banneret could only be conferred by the sovereign on the field of battle. There were some technical exceptions to this; when his standard was on the field of battle he could be regarded as physically present though he was not. His proxy could be regarded as a sufficient substitution for his presence.

Edward III

Battle of Crécy

  • 26 August 1346, Sir John de Lisle, of Rougemont, Devon – by writ [1]
  • 1346 Giles dit Paonet de Roet with one or two esquires; a Guyenne Herald and household knight of Edward III.[2]
  • 1348, Sir Henry de Braylesford, of Brailsford, Derbyshire.[3] He was nominated to represent Stafford,[4] serving under William de Clinton, 1st Earl of Huntingdon until he returned home by royal letter of protection because he was invalided out of the King's division.[5] He was exonerated from assessment of his lands in Derby and Stafford on 10 October 1349.[6]

Battle of Nájera

Edward IV

Knights banneret created by King Edward IV on that voyage and late journey [ie after the Battle of Tewkesbury and on the journey to London, where the Bastard of Fauconbridge was beaten off]; whose pennons and standards (in the difference from pennants) were rent by royal command.[b]

  • 4–21 May 1471, Thomas Grey.[7][8]
  • 4–21 May 1471, Richard Hastings – afterwards Lord Welles.[7][8]
  • 4–21 May 1471, John Courtenay.[7][8]
  • 4–21 May 1471, Nicholas Latymer.[7][8]
  • 5 May 1471, Rauf Hastings – sheriff of Northamptonshire.[7][8]
  • 4–21 May 1471, Roger Touchet.[9][8]
  • 4–21 May 1471, John Stanley.[9][8]
  • 4–21 May 1471, Simon Montford.[9][8]
  • 4–21 May 1471, John Helmingham.[9][8]
  • 4–21 May 1471, William Stanley.[9][8]
  • 4–21 May 1471, Thomas Dering.[9]
  • 4–21 May 1471, William Stamford.[9]
  • 4–21 May 1471, John Aberdenny.[9]

Knights banneret created in Scotland by Richard, Duke of Gloucester, probably on the conclusion of Treaty of Fotheringhay (11 June 1482) between the Duke of Gloucester, Alexander, Duke of Albany and the Scottish nobles near Edinburgh.[10]

Knights banneret created by Richard, Duke of Gloucester, in Scotland at Hutton Field beside Berwick, probably at the surrendering of Berwick to the English, which took place on 24 August 1482.[14][c]

  • 22 August 1482, Thomas Pilkington.[15][16]
  • 22 August 1482, Robert Ryder.[15][16]

Henry VII

Knights banneret created by King Henry VII at the battle of Stoke Field the first three were appointed before the battle and the other eleven after:[17]

  • 16 June 1487, Gilbert Talbot – before the battle of Stoke Field.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, John Cheyney – before the battle of Stoke Field.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, William Stonor – before the battle of Stoke Field.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, John Arundell.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, Thomas Cokesey (alias Grevill).[17]
  • 16 June 1487, Edmonde Bedingfeld.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, John Fortescue.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, Humfrey Stanley.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, James Blount.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, Richard de la Bere.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, John Mortimer.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, William Troutbecke.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, Richard Crofts.[17]
  • 16 June 1487, James Baskerville.[17]

Knights banneret created by King Henry VII after the battle of Deptford Bridge (also called the battle of Blackheath) which took place during the Cornish Rebellion of 1497.[18]

  • 17 June 1497, Thomas Lovell.[18][19]
  • 17 June 1497, Charles Somerset.[18][19]
  • 17 June 1497, Reginald Bray.[18][19]
  • 17 June 1497, Richard Guylforde.[18][19]
  • 17 June 1497, Robert Harecourt.[18][19]
  • 17 June 1497, Rees ap Thomas.[19]
  • 17 June 1497, Henry Willoughby.[19]
  • 17 June 1497, Richard FitzLewis.[19]
  • 17 June 1497, John St John.[19]
  • 17 June 1497, Tomast Greene.[19]
  • 17 June 1497, Robert Broughton.[19]
  • 17 June 1497, Nicholas Vaux.[19]
  • 17 June 1497, William Tyrwhitte.[19]
  • 17 June 1497, Thomas Tyrell.[19]

Recorded in the same manuscript were two more men who were dubbed knight banneret by King Henry VII at the foot of London Bridge as he entered The City after the battle:

  • 17 June 1497, John Hanmer.[19]
  • 17 June 1497, Morgan Young.[19]

Knights banneret created in Scotland by Thomas, Earl of Surrey, King Henry VII's lieutenant in the north, on or before 30 September 1497:[20]

  • 30 September 1497, William Gascoigne.[21][22]
  • 30 September 1497, John Nevill.[21][22]
  • 30 September 1497, John Hastings.[21][22]
  • 30 September 1497, Thomas Darcy.[21][22]
  • 30 September 1497, Walter Griffith.[21][22]
  • 30 September 1497, Rauf Ryder.[21][22]
  • 30 September 1497, Thomas Worsley.[21][22]
  • 30 September 1497, Roger Bellingham.[21][22]
  • 30 September 1497, William Tyler.[21][22]
  • 30 September 1497, Edward Pykeringe.[21][22]

Henry VIII

Knights banneret created by King Henry VIII possibly at the battle of the Spurs in France (16 August 1513) but they may have been appointed the following year.[23] [d]

Knight banneret created at Leith in Scotland on Sunday 11 May 1544, by Edward, Earl of Hertford, the King's lieutenant, at the burning of Edinburgh, Leith and elsewhere.[26]

Knight banneret created by the Earl of Hertford, the King's lieutenant, being then encamped at our Lady Church by Norham Castle on his coming home after he had been in Scotland 15 days.[27]

Edward VI

Knights banneret were created at the camp beside Roxburgh (18–25 September 1547), in Scotland, during the first year of the reign of King Edward VI. by the "hands of the high and mighty Prince Edward, Duke of Somerset, Lieutenant-General of all the King's armies by land and sea, and Governor of his Royal person and Protector of all his realms, dominions and subjects".[28]

Charles I

King Charles I created several knights banneret after the battle of Edgehill (1642) including:[29]

Great Britain and the United Kingdom

Whether any appointments as knight banneret were formally made after the Act of Union 1707 is debated by historians and there is no general agreement.

George II

George Cokayne notes in The Complete Peerage (1913) that King George II revived the honour when he created sixteen knights banneret on the field of the battle of Dettingen on 27 June 1743:[30][i]

Although Cokayne's source for this, a diary entry by Miss Gertrude Savile, states "This honour had been laid aside since James I, when Baronets were instituted", which contradicts other sources,[29] a news magazine published in the same year as the battle recorded the honours.[32]

George III

Several sources, including Edward Brenton (1828) and William James (1827),[33][34] record that Captains Trollope and Fairfax were honoured as bannerets by King George III for their actions during the battle of Camperdown (1797). However, these awards were never recorded in The London Gazette and is much more likely that these knighthoods, which first appear in formal records in December 1797 without their nature being specified,[35] were as knights bachelor.[j]

Victoria

On 19 August 1843 James Bombrain, Inspector-General of Coast Guard in Ireland (knighted by the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, on board a cruiser in Kingstown Harbour, after an inspection of the Irish squadron of revenue cruisers at Kingstown, Dublin, is erroneously supposed to have been a knight banneret in consequence of having been knighted under the Royal Standard).[37]

Notes

  1. ^ This was an unusual award because it was given before the battle rather than afterwards, but Chandos had fought in many previous battles with the Black Prince and it was no doubt considered to be overdue (Johnes 1857, p. 307).
  2. ^ Tearing off the points of a pennon turns it into a banner. A pennon, with its two points, was the personal ensign of a knight; the banner was square or oblong and was the collective ensign of a banneret and the knights, men-at-arms and others under his command. Thus a pennon indicated knightly rank, while a banner was the emblem of military authority. (Boutell 1859, pp. 293, 305, illus.)
  3. ^ Shaw and Metcalfe also list more knights and bannerets made by Richard, Duke of Gloucester on 11 August, but fails to distinguish them from each other:[14][11]
    • 22 August 1482, William Darcy
    • 22 August 1482, John Melton.
    • 22 August 1482, John Savill.
    • 22 August 1482, Rauf Bulmer.
    • 22 August 1482, Rauf Bigod.
    • 22 August 1482, Raug Bowes (or Bowyer).
    • 22 August 1482, John Constable, of Holderness.
    • 22 August 1482, James Strangeways.
    • 22 August 1482, Robert Middelton.
    • 22 August 1482, William FitzWilliam.
    • 22 August 1482, Thomas FitzWilliam.
    • 22 August 1482, Thomas Worsley.
    • 22 August 1482, James Danby.
    • 22 August 1482, Thomas Malyverer.
    • 22 August 1482, Rauf FitzRandall.
    • 22 August 1482, Charles Pilkington.
    • 22 August 1482, Robert Waterton.
    • 22 August 1482, John Nevil, of Liversedge.
    • 22 August 1482, Richard Conyers, of Cowton.
    • 22 August 1482, William Beckwithe.
  4. ^ Shaw 1906, p. 26 notes Harl MS. 5177 says anno 5, 6 (Henry VIII 5th year started on 22 April 1513 and ended on 21 April 1514, so the date of 16 August was either 1513 or 1514 (See Regnal years of English monarchs))
  5. ^ Metcalfe describes Sir Thomas's coat of arms thus: Gules, a fess dancettée Ermine between three cross-crosslets fitchée Argent a bendlet sinister Or. Crest—A talbot's head Gules earned Argent gorged with a fess dancettée Ermine.[25]
  6. ^ Shaw 1906, p. 54 notes that Lord Clinton, is referred to as "chevalier" in April, 1536, when he was summoned to Parliament.
  7. ^ Shaw 1906, p. 57 notes John, Lord Latimer is styled "chevalier" from at least 14 June 1543, in the writs summoning him to Parliament; possibly he was created a knight banneret in 1545.
  8. ^ Shaw 1906, p. 57 notes William, Lord Grey of Wilton, is described as chivaler in the writs summoning him to Parliament from November 1529 onwards. Possibly he was made a knight banneret in 1547.
  9. ^ 27 June 1743 was the date as it was recorded on the Continent using the Gregorian calendar, In Britain where the Julian calendar was in use the date was 16 June 1743 (see Old Style and New Style dates).
  10. ^ "When the fleet returned to the Nore [George III] signified his intention of visiting it there, and Trollope, as the senior captain, was appointed to the Royal Charlotte yacht to bring him from Greenwich. The king accordingly embarked on 30 Oct.; but the wind came dead foul, and after two days the yacht had got no further than Gravesend. He therefore gave up the idea and returned to Greenwich, knighting Trollope on the quarterdeck of the Royal Charlotte before he landed. The accolade conferred ‘under the Royal Standard’ was spoken of as making Trollope a knight banneret, and was apparently so intended by the king; but it is said to have been afterwards decided [by the Privy Council], as a question of precedence, that a knight banneret could only be made on the field where a battle had actually been fought; or presumably, in the case of a naval officer, on the quarterdeck of one of the ships actually engaged".[36]
  1. ^ Shaw 1906, p. 6.
  2. ^ "Edward III's household knights and the Crécy campaign of 1346", Matthew Hefferan. Institute of Historical Research, vol. 92, no. 255 (February 2019). At the time, Roet appears to have been the Guyenne Herald. The list in the publication named indicates him personally with two esquires.
  3. ^ Wrottesley, George; British Library (1898), Crecy and Calais, from the original records in the Public Record Office, London: Harrison and Sons, OCLC 43086786
  4. ^ Pipe Roll of 20 Edward III
  5. ^ French Roll Edward III
  6. ^ Memoranda Roll of 22 Edward III
  7. ^ a b c d e Shaw 1906, p. 15.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Metcalfe 1885, p. 4.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h Shaw 1906, p. 16.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Shaw 1906, p. 17.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Metcalfe 1885, p. 6.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Metcalfe 1885, p. 7.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Shaw 1906, p. 18.
  14. ^ a b Shaw 1906, p. 20.
  15. ^ a b Shaw 1906, p. 21.
  16. ^ a b Metcalfe 1885, p. 5.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Shaw 1906, p. 24.
  18. ^ a b c d e f Shaw 1906, p. 28.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Metcalfe 1885, p. 27.
  20. ^ Shaw 1906, p. 31.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j On or before 30 September 1497 (Shaw 1906, p. 31)
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Metcalfe 1885, p. 31.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Shaw 1906, p. 36.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i Metcalfe 1885, p. 45.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Metcalfe 1885, p. 46.
  26. ^ Shaw 1906, p. 54.
  27. ^ Shaw 1906, p. 57.
  28. ^ a b c d Shaw 1906, p. 61.
  29. ^ a b Chisholm 1911, pp. 353–354.
  30. ^ Cokayne 1913, pp. 572–573.
  31. ^ "3rd The King's Own Hussars". National Army Museum. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
  32. ^ Shaw 1743, p. 356.
  33. ^ Brenton 1823, p. 356.
  34. ^ James 1827, p. 78.
  35. ^ "No. 14075". The London Gazette. 19 December 1797. p. 1210.
  36. ^ Laughton 1899, p. 248, Marshall 1823, p. 153
  37. ^ Shaw 1906, p. 345.

References

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