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Quercygale

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Quercygale[1]
Temporal range: Middle to Late Eocene
skull of species Quercygale angustidens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Family: †Quercygalidae
Genus: †Quercygale
Kretzoi, 1945
Type species
Quercygale angustidens
Species
  • †Q. angustidens Filhol 1872
  • †Q. hastinsiae Davies 1884
  • †Q. helvetica Rutimeyer 1882
  • †Q. smithi Sole et al 2014

Quercygale is an extinct genus of Miacidae, primitive carnivores that lived during the Eocene.[2] The genus contains four species: Q. angustidens, Q. hastingsae, Q. helvetica, and Q. smithi.[1] Phylogenetic analysis of the basicranial morphology of miacid carnivoramorphans suggests Quercygale is the most advanced miacid and sister to crown group Carnivora, predating the split between Feliformia and Caniformia.,[3][4] although another recent study places them as a stem group within Feliformia.[5]

Taxonomy

Species Authority Type locality Status
Q. angustidens Filhol, 1872[6] Quercy Phosphorites (France) Described as Viverra angustidens, later as Humbertia angustidens De Beaumont 1965;[7] assigned to Quercygale by Wesley-Hunt & Flynn (2005)[3]
Q. hastingsae Davies, 1884[8] Headon Bedes (England) Described as Viverra hastingsae; assigned to Quercygale by Wesley-Hunt & Flynn (2005)[3]
Q. helvetica Rütimeyer, 1862[9] ? (Switzerland)
Q. smithi Sole et al., 2014[4] Mutigny and Mancy (France)

Sources

  1. ^ a b "Quercygale". www.paleodb.org. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  2. ^ McKenna, M. C.; Bell, S. K. (1997). Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press. p. 631. ISBN 978-0-231-11013-6.
  3. ^ a b c Wesley-Hunt, G.D.; Werdelin, L. (2005). "Basicranial morphology and phylogenetic position of the upper Eocene carnivoramorphan Quercygale". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 50 (4): 837–846.
  4. ^ a b Solé, Floréal (2014-09-01). "New carnivoraforms from the early Eocene of Europe and their bearing on the evolution of the Carnivoraformes". Palaeontology. 57 (5): 963–978. doi:10.1111/pala.12097. ISSN 1475-4983.
  5. ^ Tomiya, Susumu; Tseng, Zhijie Jack (2016). "Whence the beardogs? Reappraisal of the Middle to Late Eocene 'Miacis' from Texas, USA, and the origin of Amphicyonidae (Mammalia, Carnivora)". Royal Society Open Science. 3 (10): 160518. Bibcode:2016RSOS....360518T. doi:10.1098/rsos.160518. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 5098994. PMID 27853569.
  6. ^ Filhol, H (1872). "Recherches sur les mammifères fossiles des dépots de phosphate de chaux dans les départements du Lot, du Tarn et de Tarn−et− Garonne". Annales des Sciences Géologiques. 3: 1–31.
  7. ^ Beaumont, G. de 1965. Les Viverravinae (Carnivora, Miacidae) de l’Eocène de la Suisse. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 69: 133–146.
  8. ^ Davies, W (1884). "Notes on some new carnivores from the British Eocene formations" (PDF). Geological Magazine NS, Decade III. 1 (10): 433–438. Bibcode:1884GeoM....1..433D. doi:10.1017/s0016756800185802.
  9. ^ Rütimeyer, L (1862). "Eocäne Säugethiere aus dem Gebiete der Schweitzerischen Jura". Denkschrifte der Schweitzerische Gesellschaft für Naturwissenschafte. 19: 1–98.


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