Eduard Weyr
Eduard Weyr (June 22, 1852 – July 23, 1903) was a Czech mathematician now chiefly remembered as the discoverer of a certain canonical form for square matrices over algebraically closed fields.[1][2] Weyr presented this form briefly in a paper published in 1885.[3] He followed it up with a more elaborate treatment in a paper published in 1890.[4] This particular canonical form has been named as the Weyr canonical form in a paper by Shapiro published in The American Mathematical Monthly in 1999.[5] Previously, this form has been variously called as modified Jordan form, reordered Jordan form, second Jordan form, and H-form.[6]
Weyr's father was a mathematician at a secondary school in Prague, and his older brother, Emil Weyr, was also a mathematician. Weyr studied at Prague Polytechnic and Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague. He received his doctorate from the University of Göttingen in 1873 with dissertation Über algebraische Raumcurven.[7] After a short spell in Paris studying under Charles Hermite and Joseph Alfred Serret, he returned to Prague where he eventually became a professor at Charles-Ferdinand University. Weyr also published research in geometry, in particular projective and differential geometry.[1] In 1893 in Chicago, his paper Sur l'équation des lignes géodésiques was read (but not by him) at the International Congress of Mathematicians held in connection with the World's Columbian Exposition.[8]
Weyr canonical form
The image shows an example of a general Weyr matrix consisting of two blocks each of which is a basic Weyr matrix. The basic Weyr matrix in the top-left corner has the structure (4,2,1) and the other one has the structure (2,2,1,1).
References
- ^ a b Kevin C. Meara; John Clark; Charles I. Vinsonhaler (2011). Advanced Topics in Linear Algebra: Weaving Matrix Problems through the Weyr Form. Oxford University Press. pp. 94–95.
- ^ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Eduard Weyr", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
- ^ Eduard Weyr (1885). "Répartition des matrices en espèces et formation de toutes les espèces" (PDF). Comptes Rendus, Paris. 100: 966–969. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
- ^ Eduard Weyr (1890). "Zur Theorie der bilinearen Formen". Monatshefte für Mathematik und Physik. 1: 163–236.
- ^ Shapiro, H. (1999). "The Weyr characteristic". American Mathematical Monthly. 106 (10): 919–929. doi:10.2307/2589746. JSTOR 2589746.
- ^ Kevin C. Meara; John Clark; Charles I. Vinsonhaler (2011). Advanced Topics in Linear Algebra: Weaving Matrix Problems through the Weyr Form. Oxford University Press. pp. 44, 81–82.
- ^ Eduard Weyr at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- ^ "Sur l'équation des lignes géodésiques par M. Edouard Weyr". Mathematical papers read at the International Mathematical Congress held in connection with the World's Columbian Exposition. NY: Macmillan as publisher for the AMS. 1896. pp. 408–411.
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