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The forward–backward algorithm is an inference algorithm for hidden Markov models which computes the posterior marginals of all hidden state variables...

compatibility with future standards and products. A simple example of both backward and forward compatibility is the introduction of FM radio in stereo. FM radio...

which are the forward Euler and backward Euler methods (see numerical ordinary differential equations) and compare the obtained schemes. Forward Euler method...

The Great Leap Forward was an economic and social campaign within the People's Republic of China (PRC) from 1958 to 1962, led by the Chinese Communist...

probability theory, Kolmogorov equations, including Kolmogorov forward equations and Kolmogorov backward equations, characterize continuous-time Markov processes...

that buying capacities of backward castes in rural and urban areas are comparable to forward castes. It also revises the backward castes figure as 41%. It...

Other Backward Class (OBC) is a collective term used by the Government of India to classify communities that are educationally or socially backward. It...

choose with a voting system whether the ride will be done in the forward or backward direction. On February 27, 2018, Bobbejaanland announced that they...

can be used and they are forward chaining, backward chaining, and total task chaining (not to be confused with a task analysis). Forward chaining is a...

methods of reasoning with inference rules and logical implications – the other is forward chaining. Backward chaining systems usually employ a depth-first...

vectors, called the forward and backward vectors, are established. The forward vectors are used to help get the set of backward vectors; then they can...

recording technique in which a message is recorded backward onto a track that is meant to be played forward. It is a deliberate process, whereas a message...

English, hence the mnemonic: "spring forward and fall back"). DST is not usually observed near the Equator, where sunrise and sunset times do not vary enough...

the sequence in backward order. Although the format of the forward and backward Corsi block test are analogous to the forward and backward forms of the digit...

ones are: left and right; forward and backward; up and down. They form three pairs of orthogonal axes. Since definitions of left and right based on the...

introduction of identity mappings facilitates signal propagation in both forward and backward paths, as described below. If the output of the ℓ {\textstyle \ell...

available. Within each format, there is both forward and backward compatibility, in that most older read-only drives and players can read (but not write) writable...

in water into acetate ions and hydronium ions. CH 3COOH + H 2O ⇌ CH 3COO− + H 3O+ Reactions that proceed in the backward direction to approach equilibrium...

^{(j-1)}y_{k},\qquad k=0,\ldots ,n-j,\ j=1,\dots ,n.\end{aligned}}} whereas the backward differences are defined as: ∇ ( 0 ) y k := y k , k = 0 , … , n ∇ ( j )...

of the amplitudes of the forward and backward wavelets arriving at the measurement site at the time of the measurement and so the wave intensity Δ I...