Idiothetic
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Idiothetic literally means "self-proposition" (Greek derivation), and is used in navigation models (e.g., of a rat in a maze) to describe the use of self-motion cues,[1] rather than allothetic, or external, cues such as landmarks, to determine position and movement.[2] The word is sometimes also spelled "ideothetic" (e.g., Chen et al, 1994 [3]). Idiothetic cues include vestibular, optic flow and proprioception. Idiothetic cues are important for the type of navigation known as path integration[4][5] in which subjects navigate purely using such self-motion cues. This is achieved by an animal through the signals generated by angular and linear accelerations in the course of its exploration.[6] These information generate and update a vector towards the starting point and an accurate path for return.[6]
The term idiothetic is also used in personality psychology. Idiothetic psychology of personality suggests that personality description follows idiographic principles, while personality development centres around nomothetic principles.[7] Idiothetic-based psychological theories include James Lamiell's Critical Personalism model, George Kelly's Role Repertory Test[8], and the narrative approaches that focus on the impact of life stories.
See also
References
- ^ Whishaw, Ian Q.; Kolb, Bryan (2005). The Behavior of the Laboratory Rat: A Handbook with Tests. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 401. ISBN 0195162854.
- ^ Howard, Ian P.; Rogers, Brian J. (2012-02-24). Perceiving in Depth, Volume 3: Other Mechanisms of Depth Perception. New York: Oxford University Press, USA. p. 319. ISBN 9780199764167.
- ^ Chen, LL (1994). "Head-direction cells in the rat posterior cortex. II. Contributions of visual and ideothetic information to the directional firing". Exp Brain Res. 101 (1): 24–34. doi:10.1007/bf00243213. PMID 7843299.
- ^ Mittelstaedt, H. and Mittelstaedt, M.-L. (1973). "Mechanismen der orientierung ohne richtende aussenreize." Fortschr. Zool. 21:46–58.
- ^ Mittelstaedt, M.-L. and Mittelstaedt, H. (1980). "Homing by path integration in a mammal." Naturwissenschaften 67:566–567.
- ^ a b Besnard, Stéphane; Lopez, Christophe; Brandt, Thomas; Denise, Pierre; Smith, Paul (2016). The Vestibular System in Cognitive and Memory Processes in Mammals. Frontiers Media SA. p. 69. ISBN 9782889197446.
- ^ Lamiell, J. T. (1981). Toward an idiothetic psychology of personality. American Psychologist, 36(3), 276–289. http://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.36.3.276
- ^ Corr, Philip (2018). Personality and Individual Differences: Revisiting the Classic Studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. p. 38. ISBN 9781526413604.