A. (Abraham) William Hajjar
Abraham William Hajjar (11 Feb 1917 – 23 Dec 2000) was an American architect active in Pennsylvania and Southern California particularly during the 1950s and 1960s. He created many modern residences, taught architectural design and history courses at The Pennsylvania State University, and conducted research on an early version of the double-skin glass facade, which later became a significant passive solar design element.
Early life
[edit]Hajjar was born on February 11, 1917.[1] His parents, Milahem (or Melhem) and Sadie Ary Hajjar had immigrated to the United States thirty years before.[2] Hajjar grew up in Lawrence, Massachusetts. He then attended Carnegie Institute of Technology, now Carnegie Mellon, where he was a member of the architecture fraternity Scarab.[3] He went on to receive his Masters in Architecture degree at MIT in the winter of 1941.[4]
Teaching and research
[edit]In 1946, Hajjar began teaching at Penn State University where he would remain until 1963.[5][6] Hajjar led design studios that encouraged students to reconsider local planning in State College and Bellefonte. The proposals the students developed under his leadership focused on blending the downtown with car culture, while providing pedestrian areas, not unlike trends seen in New Urbanism twenty years later.[7] Hajjar also initiated a project to explore alternative methods of heating and cooling. With funding from Pittsburgh Plate Glass (later PPG) and the participation of engineering professors Vincent L. Pass and E.R. McLaughlin, Hajjar designed and built the Air Wall Test Building in 1959–1961. This structure used two glass curtain walls spaced three feet apart to capture and employ solar gain in a manner similar to modern double skin facades. After Alton Blakeslee, a science writer for Associated Press, reported on this project, it appeared in local newspapers across the country. Hajjar created several designs using the strategy, including an office building and a house, but they were never constructed.[8] Double-skin glass facades have been more commonly employed since the 1980s.[9]
Design career
[edit]From the earliest years of his career Hajjar focused on the affordable single family home. He was a runner up in the Productive Homes Competition in 1939 which encouraged architects to think about “rurban” living - suburban settings with space to grow food.[10][11] Hajjar's work received national attention when he partnered with Ronald Whiteley to design a small house which won Honorable Mention in the Rocky Mountain Region in a competition sponsored by Architectural Forum and the NAHB.[12] Residential architecture composed the majority of his designs and completed buildings in central Pennsylvania though he created designs for a range of residence types from apartment complexes to single family home designs. His trademarks included utilizing traditional materials such as stone, brick, or wood cladding in contemporary forms. He strove to provide privacy, despite his use of glass through attention to orientation on the lot and screening. While in State College, he designed several speculative homes for both local real estate firms and his own ventures.[13] In the early 1960s he began to associate himself with Philadelphia architects such as Vincent Kling.[14] By 1969, Hajjar had moved to La Jolla, California.[15] His earlier interest in speculative housing reemerged, and he constructed a condominium complex in La Jolla in the years just before his retirement.[16]
Key designs
[edit]Architect's House, State College, PA 1958-1959
Project Houses, #1-4, State College, PA 1960
Air Wall Test Building, University Park, PA 1959
Easterly Parkway Elementary School, State College, PA 1953-1954
Villa Court Apartments State College, PA
HRB Singer Inc., Science Park Buildings #3, #4, and #5, State College, PA, 1959-1960
See the Sea, La Jolla, CA, 1967
Legacy
[edit]Hajjar died December 23, 2000, in La Jolla, California.[18] While his influence in the broader architectural field was muted, Hajjar was one of the architects who encouraged the development of Modern architecture in central Pennsylvania.[19] He also encouraged a popular audience to think about new uses for glass facades and energy-efficient design.
References
[edit]- ^ Ancestry.com. Pennsylvania, U.S., Veteran Compensation Application Files, WWII, 1950-1966 [database on-line]. Lehi, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2015.
- ^ Year: 1930; Census Place: Lawrence, Essex, Massachusetts; Page: 26B; Enumeration District: 0101; FHL microfilm: 2340633
- ^ "U.S., School Yearbooks, 1880-2012"; School Name: Carnegie Mellon University; Year: 1939
- ^ Registrar's Office, MIT
- ^ "Letter to the Editor". Charette. 38 (4). April 1958.
- ^ Faculty Directory, Pennsylvania State University. 1963–1964.
- ^ "Pedestrian Mall for State College". Charette. 40 (1). January 1960.
- ^ A. W. Hajjar Architectural Drawings, The Eberly Family Special Collections, The Pennsylvania State University.
- ^ Knaack, Ulrich (2007). Facades: Principles of Construction. Basel: Birkhauser. p. 89.
- ^ "City Architects Share In Contest in The Pittsburgh Press". March 10, 1939.
- ^ "Productive Home Architectural Competition". Pencil Points. 20. May 1939.
- ^ Architectural Forum, March 1951, p. 128
- ^ A. W. Hajjar Architectural Drawings, The Eberly Family Special Collections, The Pennsylvania State University.
- ^ "Chapter Chronicle". Charette. 43 (7). July 1963.
- ^ "U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995 [database on-line]. San Diego City Directory, 1969-1970". Ancestry.com
- ^ ""10-Story Motel Goes Up Soon On Ocean Front," La Jolla Sentinel". October 8, 1967.
- ^ A. W. Hajjar Architectural Drawings, The Eberly Family Special Collections, The Pennsylvania State University. Finding aid for drawings available at https://www.libraries.psu.edu/findingaids/9399.htm
- ^ "Obituary, La Jolla Light". January 4, 2001.
- ^ "Hajjar Heritage". Archived from the original on 2015-08-25.
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