Apalis
| Apalises | |
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| Chestnut-throated apalis | |
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| Genus: | Apalis Swainson, 1833
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See species list | |
The apalises are small passerine birds belonging to the genus Apalis. They are found in forest, woodlands and scrub across most parts of sub-Saharan Africa.[1] They are slender birds with long tails and have a slender bill for catching insects. They are typically brown, grey or green above and several species have brightly coloured underparts. Males and females are usually similar in appearance but the males are sometimes brighter.[1]
Apalises were traditionally classified in the Old World warbler family Sylviidae but are now commonly placed, together with several other groups of mainly African warblers, in a separate family Cisticolidae.[2]
There are at least 21 species of apalis, the exact number varies according to differing authorities. The African tailorbird and long-billed tailorbird were formerly considered to be apalises but are now often placed either with the tailorbirds (Orthotomus) or in their own genus Artisornis.[1] The red-fronted warbler or red-faced apalis has also been moved into a different genus, either Spiloptila or Urorhipis.[3] Further shuffling may be necessary as a recent study[4] found the genus to be polyphyletic with two species (black-collared and Ruwenzori apalis') only distantly related to the other three tested. Future studies may result in further division of the genus.
Species list
- Black-collared apalis, Apalis pulchra
- Ruwenzori apalis or collared apalis, Apalis ruwenzorii
- Bar-throated apalis, Apalis thoracica
- Taita apalis, Apalis (thoracica) fuscigularis
- Namuli apalis, Apalis (thoracica) lynesi
- Yellow-throated apalis, Apalis (thoracica) flavigularis
- Black-capped apalis, Apalis nigriceps
- Black-throated apalis, Apalis jacksoni
- White-winged apalis, Apalis chariessa
- Lowland masked apalis, Apalis binotata
- Mountain masked apalis, Apalis personata
- Yellow-breasted apalis, Apalis flavida
- Brown-tailed apalis, Apalis (flavida) viridiceps
- Rudd's apalis, Apalis ruddi
- Sharpe's apalis, Apalis sharpii
- Buff-throated apalis, Apalis rufogularis
- Kungwe apalis, Apalis argentea
- Bamenda apalis, Apalis bamendae
- Gosling's apalis, Apalis goslingi
- Chestnut-throated apalis, Apalis porphyrolaema
- Kabobo apalis, Apalis (porphyrolaema) kaboboensis
- Chapin's apalis or chestnut-headed apalis, Apalis chapini
- Black-headed apalis, Apalis melanocephala
- Chirinda apalis, Apalis chirindensis
- Grey apalis, Apalis cinerea
- Brown-headed apalis, Apalis alticola
- Karamoja apalis, Apalis karamojae[5]
References
- ^ a b c Sinclair, Ian; Ryan, Peter (2003). Birds of Africa south of the Sahara. Struik. pp. 512, 540. ISBN 1-86872-857-9.
- ^ Roberson, Don. "Cisticolas & Allies Cisticolidae". Archived from the original on 21 April 2007. Retrieved 2007-03-29.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Lepage, Denis. "Red-faced Apalis (Urorhipis rufifrons) (Rüppell, 1840)". Retrieved 2007-03-29.
- ^ Nguembock, B; Fjeldså, J.; Tillier, A.; Pasquet, E. (2007). "A phylogeny for the Cisticolidae (Aves: Passeriformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data, and a re-interpretation of an unique nest-building specialization". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 42 (1): 272–286. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.07.008. PMID 16949311.
- ^ Shaw, Philip; Mungaya, Elias (2006). "The status and habitat of Karamoja Apalis Apalis karamojae in the Wembere Steppe, Sukumaland, Tanzania". Bird Conservation International. 16 (2): 97–111. doi:10.1017/S0959270906000049.
Further reading
- Ryan, Peter (2006). "Family Cisticolidae (Cisticolas and allies)". Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 11. Old World Flycatchers to Old World Warblers. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. pp. 378–492. ISBN 978-84-96553-06-4.
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