Ayinde Bakare
Ayinde Bakare | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1912 Lagos, Nigeria |
| Died | 1 October 1972 (age 59/60) Lagos, Nigeria |
| Genres | Jùjú, highlife |
| Occupation | Bandleader |
| Instrument(s) | Guitar, banjo ukulele |
| Years active | 1930s-1972 |
| Labels | Melodisc |
Ayinde Bakare (1912 – 1 October 1972) was a pioneering Yoruba jùjú and highlife musician in Nigeria.
Biography
He was born in Lagos, began performing around 1935,[1] and first recorded on the HMV label in 1937.[2] His band started with four members (banjo ukulele, shekere, juju, vocals), but by 1949 had grown to seven members, and by 1959 to eight (electric guitar, shekere, juju, two varieties of conga (akuba and ogido), gangan, and two supporting vocalists).[1] He is thought to have been the first juju musician to use an amplified guitar, in 1949, after switching to the guitar from the banjo ukulele.[2][3][4][5] Bakare's innovations established the mainstream style of juju music in Nigeria after World War II.[1] He tried to retain the same personnel within his bands, used his own material rather than that from other bands, and tried to avoid any dilution of the traditional features of his music, believing that musical continuity would enhance its quality.[6]
He was extremely popular with the socialites across Yorubaland, especially in Lagos and Ibadan in the 1950s and 1960s, gaining him the nickname "Mr Juju".[7] He also visited and toured in Britain in 1957.[6] Recordings made in London at that time by Bakare and his Meranda Orchestra were issued as singles in Britain by Melodisc Records, and were later compiled as an album, Live the Highlife, released in 1968.[8][9]
He died in unexplained circumstances in 1972, after a performance at a wedding party in Lagos. The band took a break during the party, during which Bakare was summoned backstage. He never returned, and his body was found three days later floating in Lagos Lagoon. The police suspected foul play, and a coroner's inquest was held. The coroner found that he died from drowning, and cast suspicion on two members of his band who had complained about being underpaid, but said that there was no incontrovertible evidence as to their involvement.[7]
Discography
His many records include a 1968 LP Live the Highlife (Melodisc MLPAS 12-140).[8] Tribute to the late J. K. Randle / Eko Akete (Lagos Akete) / Adura Fun Awon Aboyun (Prayer for the Pregnant Women) / Ibikunle Alakija /Iwalewa (Your Manner is Your Beauty) / Ore Otito O Si (There's no true friend) / Mo b'eru Aiye (I fear the humanity) / Ile Aiye Ile Asan (Life is vanity upon vanity) / Agboola Odunekan / Olabisi Arobieke /Akambi Balogun.
- MLP 12-134 Great African Highlife Music Vol 2 Various Artists - includes
Ayinde Bakare – Iwa Lewa/ Adura Fun Awon Aboyun / Se Botimo / The Late J.K. Randle
- Singles
- Melodisc: 1406 The Late J.K. Randle/Ibikunle Alakija
- 1431 Iwa Lewa/J.O. Majekodunmi
- 1446 Se Botimo/S. Ola Shogbola
- 1465 Tafawa Balewa/Public Interest
- 1467 Adura Fun Awon Aboyun/Fagbayi Contractor
- 1492 Kamila Mustapha/Asewo Erori
- 1588 Eko Dara Eko Ndun / Rt. Hon. Dr. Azikiwe
References
- ^ a b c Waterman, Christopher Alan (1990). Juju: A Social History and Ethnography of an African Popular Music. Chicago Studies in Ethnomusicology. University of Chicago Press. pp. 83–84. ISBN 0226874656.
- ^ a b Waterman, Christopher A. (1993). Stephen Blum; Philip Vilas Bohlman; Daniel M. Neuman (eds.). Juju History. Ethnomusicology and Modern Music History. University of Illinois Press. pp. 55–62. ISBN 0252063430.
- ^ The Concise Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume 1. Routledge. 2013. ISBN 1136095705.
- ^ Shepherd, John (2003). Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World:Performance and Production, Volume 11. Continuum. p. 288. ISBN 0826463223.
- ^ A Glossary of Musical Styles: Jùjú, University of Minnesota's Musical Ethnography of the Twin Cities project
- ^ a b Idonije, Benson (14 November 2012). "Tribute to 'Mr. Juju,' Ayinde Bakare". The Guardian, Nigeria. Retrieved 7 September 2013.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Famoroti, Francis (5 August 2013). "How juju maestro, Ayinde Bakare was killed". National Mirror. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
- ^ a b "Highlife Piccadilly: African Music on 45 rpm records in the UK, 1954-1981". Musical Traditions Web Services. 2002. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
- ^ Ayinde Bakare at Discogs.com. Retrieved 7 September 2013