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Bhattan De Savaiye

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Bhattan de Savaiye
by Sikh Bhatts
Original titleSavaiye Mahalla 1 to Savaiye Mahalla 5
First published inAdi Granth, 1604
CountryIndia
LanguageGurmukhi
Genre(s)Religion
MeterSavaiye
Lines123 Savaiye
Pages1389-1409
Preceded bySavaiye Sri Mukhbakya Mahalla 5(ਸਵਯੇ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਮੁਖਬਾਕ੍ਯ੍ਯ ਮਹਲਾ ੫)
Followed bySalok Vaaran Te Vadheek (ਸਲੋਕ ਵਾਰਾਂ ਤੇ ਵਧੀਕ)

Bhattan de Savaiye (Punjabi: ਭੱਟਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਵਈਏ), also known as Bhatt Bani, is a name given to 123 Savaiyas composed by various Brahmin Sikh Bhatts, which are present in Guru Granth Sahib, scripture of Sikhs.[1] According to various scholars, these Savaiyas are eulogies of first five Gurus of Sikhism.

Generally, it is accepted that there were 11 Bhatts whose hymns are present in Adi Granth,[2][3] but controversy still exist that there are 12 or 17.[4][5]

Structure

The savaiye starts from page 1389 from Savaiye Mahalla Pehla Ke[6] and ends at page 1409 of Guru Granth Sahib. The savaiyas are under five titles:

  1. Savaiya Mahalla Pehle Ke 1 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਪਹਿਲੇ ਕੇ ੧)
  2. Savaiye Mahalle Duje Ke 2 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਦੂਜੇ ਕੇ ੨)
  3. Savaiye Mahalle Teeje Ke 3 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਤੀਜੇ ਕੇ ੩)
  4. Savaiye Mahalle Chauthe Ke 4 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਚਉਥੇ ਕੇ ੪)
  5. Savaiye Mahalle Panjve Ke 5 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਪੰਜਵੇ ਕੇ ੫)

Following is list of Bhatts and their number of savaiyas composed by them:

No. of Saviyas by each Bhatts
Name Mahalla Pehla Mahalla 2 Mahalla 3 Mahalla 4 Mahalla 5 Total
Bhatt Kalshar or Kal 10 10 9 13 12 54
Bhatt Balh - - - 5 - 5
Bhatt Bhalh - - 1 - - 1
Bhatt Bhika - - 2 - - 2
Bhatt Gayand - - - 13 - 13
Bhatt Harbans - - - - 2 2
Bhatt Jalap - - 5 - - 5
Bhatt Kirat - - 4 4 - 8
Bhatt Mathura - - - 7 7 14
Bhatt Nalh - - - 16 - 16
Bhatt Salh - - 1 2 - 3

Author controversy

  1. Tall or Kal: A Swaiya in name of Bhatt Tall,[7] which according to some scholars is Gurmukhi Typo as it is Kal i.e Bhatt Kalshar.[8]
  2. No. of Bhatts: Few author believe there are 17 Bhatts[4] including above. Others are Bhatt Sevak, Bhatt Jalh, Bhatt Jalan.

References

  1. ^ Chauhan, Dr. G.S. (2006). Bani Of Bhagats. Hemkunt Press. p. 125.
  2. ^ Chauhan, John (2012). Fighting Words: Religion, Violence, and the Interpretation of Sacred Texts. p. 202.
  3. ^ Van Doel, Sarah M. (2008). Sikh Music: History, Text, and Praxis. ProQuest. p. 43.
  4. ^ a b Singha, H. S. (2000). The Encyclopedia of Sikhism (over 1000 Entries). Hemkunt Press. p. 182.
  5. ^ Hinnells, John (2007). Religion and Violence in South Asia: Theory and Practice. Routledge. p. 111.
  6. ^ Singh, Sahib. Guru Granth Sahib Darpan (Exegesis) (in Punjabi). India. ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦੀ ਉਸਤਤਿ ਵਿਚ ਉਚਾਰੇ ਹੋਏ ਸਵਈਏ।
  7. ^ ਟਲ' ਜੀ ਕਹਤੇ ਹੈਂ ਹੇ ਭਾਈ ਐਸੇ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੋਂ ਕੋ ਸਹਜ ਸੁਭਾਵਕ ਨਿਰੰਤਰ ਹੀ ਸੇਵੀਐ ਹੇ ਭਾਈ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੋਂ ਕੇ ਦਰਸਨ ਕਰਨੇ ਤੇ ਜਨਮ ਮਰਨ ਦੁਖ ਜਾਤਾ ਰਹਿਤਾ ਹੈ॥੧੦॥: Page 1392, Teeka Fareedkoti, Adi Granth
  8. ^ Page 1392: ਟਲ = ਹੇ ਟੱਲ! ਹੇ ਕਲ੍ਯ੍ਯ! ਹੇ ਕਲ੍ਯ੍ਯਸਹਾਰ!: Teeka by Professor Sahib Singh, Adi Granth
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