Brukkaros Mountain
| Brukkaros | |
|---|---|
 Brukkaros Mountain from the south | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,590 m (5,220 ft) |
| Geography | |
  Brukkaros | |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Dome |
| Climbing | |
| Easiest route | Hike |
Brukkaros Mountain is an extinct volcano in ǁKaras Region, Namibia. Measuring 1,590 metres at its peak, Brukkaros is located about 15 kilometres northeast of the primarily Nama town of Berseba.[1] It is over 600 metres taller than the surrounding area.
The mountain is a large extinct volcano, in the form of a ring mountain (a so-called tuff ring) with a diameter of about 4 km[2] and has been formed by an explosion when rising magma met groundwater and superheated it. It is formed of an indistinctly bedded red-brown microbreccia, composed of finely fragmented rocks of the Nama System that were blown out of a volcanic vent about 80 million years ago. The breccia layers slope inwards (unlike the slope around a volcanic crater), and removal of the softer upper layers by erosion has created the central hollow.[3] The hollow is drained by a stream which runs southwards through the ring mountain in a narrow valley. The route into the interior of the mountain is along this valley. At its head is a dry waterfall, over which the stream plunges down some 45 m after rain, and the river bed directly below the fall is the principal source of water.[4]
History
From 1926-1931, the National Geographic Society, in cooperation with the Smithsonian Institution, ran the Brukkaros Solar Observatory on the mountain to measure daily solar radiation.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b Brukkaros Mountain Namibia-1on1.com
- ^ South West Africa, 1:50 000 sheet 2517DD Brukkaros (1981). Surveyor-General, Windhoek.
- ^ Martin, H. (1981/2). Der Grosse Brukkaros. Journal of the South West Africa Scientific Society, Vol. 36/37, pp. 7-10.
- ^ Plug, C. (1989). History of the Solar Radiation Expedition to Mount Brukkaros, South West Africa, 1926-1931. South African Journal of Science, Vol. 85, pp. 174-180.
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