View source for COVAX

{{Short description|Initiative to provide COVID-19 vaccines}}
{{Distinguish|Covaxin|Novavax COVID-19 vaccine{{!}}Covovax}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{update|reason=[https://www.who.int/news/item/19-12-2023-covid-19-vaccinations-shift-to-regular-immunization-as-covax-draws-to-a-close Program ended]|date=February 2024}}
[[File:The United States Delivers COVID-19 Vaccine Doses to Ghana (51704049970).jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|US Officials deliver COVID-19 vaccines to Ghana as part of the COVAX program in 2021. Ghana was the first recipient of vaccines through COVAX.]]

'''COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access''', abbreviated as '''COVAX''', is a worldwide initiative aimed at equitable access to [[COVID-19 vaccine]]s directed by the [[GAVI]] vaccine alliance, the [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations]] (CEPI), and the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO), alongside key delivery partner [[UNICEF]]. It is one of the four pillars of the [[Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator]], an initiative begun in April 2020 by the WHO, the [[European Commission]], and the government of France as a response to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. COVAX coordinates international resources to enable [[Developing country|low-to-middle-income countries]] equitable access to COVID-19 [[COVID-19 testing|tests]], [[COVID-19 drug development|therapies]], and [[COVID-19 vaccine|vaccines]].<ref name=GAVI1>{{cite web|title=COVAX explained|url=https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/covax-explained|website=gavi.org|publisher=[[GAVI]]|accessdate=25 February 2021}}</ref> [[UNICEF]] is the key delivery partner, leveraging its experience as the largest single vaccine buyer in the world and working on the [[procurement]] of COVID-19 vaccine doses, as well as logistics, country readiness and in-country delivery.

By 19 October 2020, 184 countries had joined COVAX.<ref>{{cite news|author=[[World Health Organization]]|title=More than 150 countries engaged in COVID-19 vaccine global access facility|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/15-07-2020-more-than-150-countries-engaged-in-covid-19-vaccine-global-access-facility|date=15 July 2020|access-date=3 February 2021}}</ref>

COVAX began distributing vaccines in February 2021. Though COVAX promised 100 million doses by the end of March,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theconversation.com/the-best-hope-for-fairly-distributing-covid-19-vaccines-globally-is-at-risk-of-failing-heres-how-to-save-it-158779|title=The best hope for fairly distributing COVID-19 vaccines globally is at risk of failing. Here's how to save it|first=Deborah|last=Gleeson|publisher=The Conversation|date=11 April 2021|accessdate=2021-04-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-56698854|title=Coronavirus: WHO chief criticizes 'shocking' global vaccine divide|publisher=BBC|date=10 April 2021|accessdate=2021-04-25}}</ref> this goal was not reached until 6 July.<ref>{{Cite tweet|number=1412396983369834497|user=gavi|language=en|title=100 million doses delivered}}</ref> By mid-August 2021, COVAX delivered 200 million vaccine doses to nearly 140 countries instead of the 600&nbsp;million doses initially projected. The continued shortage of [[COVID-19 vaccine]]s delivered through COVAX is blamed on "vaccine nationalism" by richer nations, and the diversion of 400 million [[Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine]] doses, produced under license by the [[Serum Institute of India]] (SII), for domestic use in India.<ref>
Paun, Carmen (5 August 2021). [https://www.politico.com/newsletters/global-pulse/2021/08/05/gavi-on-the-defensive-over-vaccine-equity-effort-493855 "Gavi on the defensive over vaccine-equity effort"] ''Politico''. Retrieved 5 August 2021.</ref> As of April 2022, more than 1.4&nbsp;billion doses were delivered, when the largest recipients were Bangladesh (183 million doses), Pakistan (112 million) and Indonesia (104&nbsp;million).<ref>{{Cite web |title=COVID-19 Vaccine Market Dashboard |url=https://www.unicef.org/supply/covid-19-vaccine-market-dashboard |access-date=2022-04-25 |website=unicef.org |language=en}}</ref>

==History==
In April 2020 the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO), the [[European Commission]], and the government of France founded the [[Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator]], an initiative begun as a response to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].  COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) is one of its four pillars. It is a worldwide initiative aimed at equitable access to [[COVID-19 vaccine]]s directed by the [[GAVI]] vaccine alliance, the [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations]] (CEPI), and the WHO, alongside key delivery partner [[UNICEF]]. 
COVAX coordinates international resources to enable [[Developing country|low-to-middle-income countries]] equitable access to COVID-19 [[COVID-19 testing|tests]], [[COVID-19 drug development|therapies]], and [[COVID-19 vaccine|vaccines]].<ref name=GAVI1/>

A financing instrument called the COVID-19 Vaccines [[Advance market commitment|Advance Market Commitment]] (COVAX AMC) was presented to prospective donors at the Gavi COVAX AMC 2021 Investment Opportunity Launch Event, otherwise named One World Protected, on 15 April 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Sharafudeen |first1=Meghana |last2=Mazur |first2=Iryna |date=29 March 2021 |title=United States to host launch event for Gavi COVAX AMC 2021 investment opportunity |url=https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/united-states-host-launch-event-gavi-covax-amc-2021-investment-opportunity |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820234257/https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/united-states-host-launch-event-gavi-covax-amc-2021-investment-opportunity |archive-date=2022-08-20 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=[[Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance]] |language=en}}</ref> The virtual event was hosted by [[GAVI]] board chair [[José Manuel Barroso]], U.S. Secretary of State [[Antony Blinken]], and acting [[United States Agency for International Development]] (USAID) Administrator [[Gloria Steele]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Office of the Spokesperson |date=12 April 2021 |title=United States To Host Event To Launch the 2021 COVAX Investment Opportunity |url=https://www.state.gov/united-states-to-host-event-to-launch-the-2021-covax-investment-opportunity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820234918/https://www.state.gov/united-states-to-host-event-to-launch-the-2021-covax-investment-opportunity/ |archive-date=2022-08-20 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=[[United States Department of State]] |language=en}}</ref> Among the attendees were heads of state, corporate leaders and representatives from global nonprofit organizations.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=U.S. Department of State |last2=USAID |last3=Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance |date=15 April 2021 |title=The Gavi COVAX AMC Investment Opportunity Launch Event Participant List |url=https://www.gavi.org/sites/default/files/covid/covax/Investment-Opportunity-Launch-Participant-List.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220821050428/https://www.gavi.org/sites/default/files/covid/covax/Investment-Opportunity-Launch-Participant-List.pdf |archive-date=2022-08-21 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=[[Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance]]|author1-link=U.S. Department of State |author2-link=USAID |author3-link=Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance }}</ref> The program was fully launched by GAVI at the Global Vaccine Summit on 4 June 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2022 |title=Gavi COVAX AMC |url=https://www.gavi.org/gavi-covax-amc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820234044/https://www.gavi.org/gavi-covax-amc |archive-date=2022-08-20 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=[[Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance]] |language=en}}</ref>

==Vaccine candidates==
As of 23 December 2021, the WHO had approved [[Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|Oxford–AstraZeneca]], [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|Pfizer–BioNTech]], [[Moderna COVID-19 vaccine|Moderna]], [[Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine|Sinopharm BIBP]], [[CoronaVac]], [[Janssen COVID-19 vaccine|Janssen]], [[Covaxin]], and [[Novavax COVID-19 vaccine|Novavax]] vaccines for emergency use.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/sites/default/files/documents/Status_COVID_VAX_23Dec2021.pdf|title=Status of COVID-19 Vaccines within WHO EUL/PQ evaluation process|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=23 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223205555/https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/sites/default/files/documents/Status_COVID_VAX_23Dec2021.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/covaxin-bharat-biotechs-india-made-covid-vaccine-cleared-by-who-sources-2598395/amp/1|title=Covaxin Gets WHO Approval, Finally|date=3 November 2021|access-date=3 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="WHO PR 20211217">{{cite press release | title=WHO lists 9th COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use with aim to increase access to vaccination in lower-income countries|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/17-12-2021-who-lists-9th-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-with-aim-to-increase-access-to-vaccination-in-lower-income-countries|access-date=25 December 2021}}</ref>
These vaccines can be distributed as part of COVAX per decision in May 2021.<ref name="BBIBP-CorV approval">{{cite web|date=7 May 2021|title=WHO gives emergency approval to Sinopharm, first Chinese Covid-19 vaccine|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/coronavirus-deadly-new-threat/news/who-gives-emergency-approval-sinopharm-first-chinese-covid-19-vaccine-2089945|access-date=9 May 2021|website=The Daily Star}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=WHO approves China's Sinopharm vaccine for emergency use
|url=https://www.euronews.com/2021/05/07/who-approves-china-s-sinopharm-vaccine-for-emergency-use |website=euronews  |date= 7 May 2021|access-date=9 May 2021}}</ref>

Many of the countries benefitting from COVAX have "limited regulatory capacity" and depend on WHO's authorisations. By early 2021, WHO was reviewing 11 potential COVID-19 vaccines for its Emergency Use Listing (EUL).<ref name="reuters_Widianto_20210203">{{Cite news| last = Widianto| first = Stanley| title = COVAX to ship enough shots for 3% of poor countries' populations in H1 – WHO |location=Jakarta| work = Reuters| access-date = 3 February 2021| date = 29 January 2021| url = https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-indonesia-vaccines-in-idUSKBN29Y19E}}</ref> The first vaccine WHO authorised for its EUL on 31 December 2020 was the [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine]]—an [[RNA vaccine]] developed by the German company [[BioNTech]] in cooperation with the American company [[Pfizer]] sold under the brand name Comirnaty.<ref name="Comirnaty EPAR2">{{cite web|title=Comirnaty EPAR|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/comirnaty|access-date=23 December 2020|website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA)|date=21 December 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release | title=WHO issues its first emergency use validation for a COVID-19 vaccine and emphasizes need for equitable global access | website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | url=https://www.who.int/news/item/31-12-2020-who-issues-its-first-emergency-use-validation-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-and-emphasizes-need-for-equitable-global-access | date=31 December 2020 | access-date=6 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="who-2021-01-08">{{cite web |title=Interim recommendations for use of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, BNT162b2, under Emergency Use Listing |url=https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-vaccines-SAGE_recommendation-BNT162b2-2021.1 |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) |date=8 January 2021|access-date=6 May 2021}}</ref>

On 24 August 2020 WHO stated that COVAX had nine CEPI-supported vaccine candidates and nine candidates undergoing trials, giving it the largest selection of COVID-19 vaccinations in the world.<ref>{{cite press release|author=World Health Organization|title=172 countries and multiple candidate vaccines engaged in COVID-19 vaccine Global Access Facility|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/24-08-2020-172-countries-and-multiple-candidate-vaccines-engaged-in-covid-19-vaccine-global-access-facility|date=24 August 2020|accessdate=4 February 2021}}</ref> By December 2020, COVAX had finalized negotiations with other manufacturers that gave it access to two billion vaccine doses.<ref>{{cite press release|author=[[World Health Organization]]|title=COVAX Announces additional deals to access promising COVID-19 vaccine candidates; plans global rollout starting Q1 2021|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/18-12-2020-covax-announces-additional-deals-to-access-promising-covid-19-vaccine-candidates-plans-global-rollout-starting-q1-2021|date=18 December 2020|accessdate=4 February 2021}}</ref>

==Distribution (recipients)==
COVAX provides vaccines to the [[developing world]].<ref name=Steinhauser>Gabriele Steinhauser, [https://www.wsj.com/articles/first-free-covid-vaccines-from-who-backed-covax-arrive-in-ghana-11614155319 Ghana Is First Nation to Get Free Covid-19 Vaccines Under Covax Plan], ''The Wall Street Journal'' (24 February 2021).</ref> A total of 92 low- and middle-income countries are eligible to receive COVID-19 vaccines through the COVAX mechanism<ref name=92Eligible>[https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/92-low-middle-income-economies-eligible-access-covid-19-vaccines-gavi-covax-amc 92 low- and middle-income economies eligible to get access to COVID-19 vaccines through Gavi COVAX AMC], Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance (31 July 2020).</ref> through the COVAX Vaccines Advance Market Commitment (AMC) financing instrument.<ref name=92Eligible/><ref name=Berkley>{{cite web |title=The Gavi COVAX AMC Explained|publisher=Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance|url=https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/gavi-covax-amc-explained|author=Seth Berkley}}</ref> COVAX AMC is funded by donor contributions.<ref name=Berkley/> COVAX AMC funds the '''COVAX Facility''', the vaccine procurement platform.<ref name=Berkley/>

On 3 February 2021, GAVI, the WHO, and UNICEF published the country-by-country distribution of the [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine|Pfizer–BioNTech]] and [[Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|Oxford–AstraZeneca]] vaccines forecast for first half of 2021.<ref name="Jerving_20210203">{{Cite news| last = Jerving| first = Sara| title = COVAX releases country-by-country of vaccine distribution figures| work = Devex| access-date = 3 February 2021| date = 3 February 2021| url = https://www.devex.com/news/sponsored/covax-releases-country-by-country-vaccine-distribution-figures-99058}}</ref> The early projection includes 336 million doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine as well as 1.2 million doses of the Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine to the 145 COVAX facility participants.<ref>{{cite web |title=COVAX publishes first interim distribution forecast |date=3 February 2021 |publisher=Gavi |url=https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/covax-publishes-first-interim-distribution-forecast}}</ref><ref name="GAVI_20210203">{{cite web |title=The Covax Facility: Interim Distribution Forecast – latest as of 3 February 2021 |publisher=COVAX |date=3 February 2021 |url=https://www.gavi.org/sites/default/files/covid/covax/COVAX-Interim-Distribution-Forecast.pdf}}</ref> It is expected that health care workers and the most vulnerable will receive the first doses, which are anticipated to reach approximately 3.3% of the total population of each participating country by the end of the first half of 2021.<ref name="GAVI_20210203"/>

In February 2021, the WHO and Chubb Limited announced the roll out of a no-fault compensation scheme for COVID-19 vaccinations for low and middle-income countries which would be financed initially through Gavi COVAX AMC donor funding.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.healtheuropa.eu/worlds-first-covid-19-vaccination-compensation-scheme-launched/106056/|title=World's first COVID-19 vaccination compensation scheme launched|date=23 February 2021|publisher=Health Europa|url-status=live|accessdate=24 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223192717/https://www.healtheuropa.eu/worlds-first-covid-19-vaccination-compensation-scheme-launched/106056/ |archive-date=23 February 2021 }}</ref>

On 24 February 2021, Ghana became the first country in the world to receive vaccines through COVAX when 600,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine were delivered to [[Accra]].<ref name=Steinhauser/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-56180161|title=Covid: WHO scheme Covax delivers first vaccines|work=BBC News|date=24 February 2021|accessdate=24 February 2021}}</ref> On 2 March, COVID-19 vaccines were being distributed in Ghana by [[Zipline (drone delivery)|Zipline]] drones.<ref>[https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/drone-delivered-covid-19-vaccines-take-air COVAX vaccines take to the air by drone]</ref> This method allows reaching remote areas (which are underserved by traditional logistics).<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/9/22320965/drone-delivery-vaccine-ghana-zipline-cold-chain-storage Self-flying drones are helping speed deliveries of COVID-19 vaccines]</ref>

On 1 March 2021, frontline workers and public officials from the Ivory Coast became the first persons to be inoculated with COVID-19 vaccines shipped from the COVAX Facility. More than 500,000 doses of the [[Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine]] manufactured by the [[Serum Institute of India]] were shipped to the city of [[Abidjan]] the week before. The vaccines were flown in by [[UNICEF]] from [[Mumbai]].<ref>Ducharme, Jamie (1 March 2021). [https://time.com/5942715/ivory-coast-covax-first-shots/ "The First COVID-19 Vaccines Shipped Through COVAX Were Administered in the Ivory Coast"]. ''Time''. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref>

On 5 March 2021, Moldova received 14,400 Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine units through COVAX, becoming the first European country to do so. The country had already been donated 21,600 doses of the same vaccine by Romania some days earlier.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/moldova-covax-covid-vaccine-shipment/31134922.html|title=Moldova becomes first European country to receive COVID-19 vaccines under COVAX scheme|publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]|date=5 March 2021}}</ref>

On 25 March 2021, Bosnia and Herzegovina received 24,300 Pfizer–BioNTech and 26,400 Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine units through COVAX, becoming the second European country to do so.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.klix.ba/vijesti/bih/u-bih-preko-covax-a-dosla-i-posiljka-vakcina-astrazenece/210325158|title=U BiH preko COVAX-a došla i pošiljka vakcina AstraZenece|date=25 March 2021|access-date=25 March 2021|language=bs|author=I.S.|publisher=Klix.ba}}</ref> The country had already been, in total, donated over 20,000 doses of the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine by Serbia and Slovenia some weeks earlier.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.klix.ba/vijesti/bih/predsjednik-srbije-aleksandar-vucic-sletio-u-sarajevo-s-donacijom-vakcina/210302021|title=Predsjednik Srbije Aleksandar Vučić sletio u Sarajevo s donacijom vakcina|date=2 March 2021|access-date=2 March 2021|language=bs|author=R.D.|publisher=Klix.ba}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.klix.ba/vijesti/bih/borut-pahor-u-predsjednistvu-bih-slovenija-donira-4-800-vakcina-nasoj-zemlji/210305084|title=Borut Pahor u Predsjedništvu BiH, Slovenija donira 4.800 vakcina našoj zemlji|date=5 March 2021|access-date=5 March 2021|language=bs|author=G.M.|publisher=Klix.ba}}</ref>

On 8 June 2021, Uruguay released health data from their vaccination efforts through the COVAX program. Almost 800,000 individuals or 52% of the adult population received two doses of the [[CoronaVac]] or Pfizer vaccines. The government also studied the effectiveness of the [[Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine]] among 162,047 health workers and people over 80 years old. Both vaccine types reduced hospitalisations and deaths by over 90%, and infection rates by more than 60%. Because of accessible healthcare and available COVAX vaccine supplies, the small Latin nation was able to ward off a serious COVID-19 spike in May 2021.<ref>D. Saentis (8 June 2021). [https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/sinovac-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccines-prove-highly-effective-uruguay-2021-06-08/ "Sinovac, Pfizer/BioNtech COVID-19 vaccines prove highly effective in Uruguay -government"] Reuters. Retrieved 10 June 2021.</ref>

On 1 August 2021, the [[Venezuelan government]] announced it will receive 6.2&nbsp;million doses of coronavirus vaccines through the COVAX initiative. Part of the payment to the [[GAVI|GAVI alliance]] was first blocked due to [[economic sanctions]]. Venezuela is a self-financing participant of COVAX. According to the [[Pan-American Health Organization]] (PAHO), Venezuela will receive China's [[Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine|Sinopharm BIBP vaccine]] and [[CoronaVac]]. The country previously obtained the [[AstraZeneca vaccine]] through the program, but Venezuelan health officials did not approve the product for domestic use.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/venezuela-receive-covax-vaccines-coming-days-maduro-says-2021-08-02/ "Venezuela to receive COVAX vaccines in coming days, Maduro says"] Reuters. Retrieved 5 August 2021.</ref>

According to a report produced by the People's Vaccine Alliance covering 14 countries, '[[vaccine hesitancy]]' was not the reason for low jab rates in low- and middle-income countries. But the report found that a lack of testing capacity, sufficient vaccine doses and refrigerated storage were mostly to blame for the low vaccination rates. Poor information policies on vaccine distribution and underfunded healthcare systems were also mentioned. The Vaccine Alliance found that "systemic racism has plagued the global response to Covid-19".<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/aug/26/low-covid-jab-rates-in-poorer-countries-falsely-blamed-on-vaccine-hesitancy-report "Low Covid jab rates in poorer countries falsely blamed on ‘vaccine hesitancy’ – report"] ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 27 August 2022.</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;"
|+Interim Distribution Forecast as of 3 February 2021 (doses)<ref name="GAVI_20210203"/><br />AMC: Advance Market Commitment; SFP: Self-Financing Participants
!style="width: 230px;"|Participant!!style="width: 80px;"|SFP/AMC!!style="width: 100px;"|AstraZeneca<br />[[Serum Institute of India|SII]]!!style="width: 120px;"|AstraZeneca<br />[[South Korea#Biotechnology|SK Bioscience]]!!style="width: 180px;"|Pfizer–BioNTech!!style="width: 80px;"|Total
|-
|style="text-align:left; width: 230px;"|{{flagu|India}} ||style="width: 80px;"| AMC ||style="width: 100px;"| 97,164,000 ||style="width: 120px;"| – ||style="width: 120px;"| – ||style="width: 80px;"| 97,164,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Pakistan}} || AMC || 17,160,000 || – || – || 17,160,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Nigeria}} || AMC || 16,008,000 || – || – || 16,008,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Indonesia}} || AMC || – || 13,708,800 || – || 13,708,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Bangladesh}} || AMC || 12,792,000 || – || – || 12,792,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Brazil}} || SFP || – || 10,672,800 || – || 10,672,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Ethiopia}} || AMC || 8,928,000 || – || – || 8,928,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Congo, Dem. Rep.}} || AMC || 6,948,000 || – || – || 6,948,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Mexico}} || SFP || – || 6,472,800 || – || 6,472,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Philippines}} || AMC || – || 5,500,800 || 117,000 || 5,617,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Egypt}} || AMC || – || 5,138,400 || – || 5,138,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Vietnam}} || AMC || – || 4,886,400 || – || 4,886,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Myanmar}} || AMC || 4,224,000 || – || – || 4,224,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Iran}} || SFP || – || 4,216,800 || – || 4,216,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Kenya}} || AMC || 4,176,000 || – || – || 4,176,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Uganda}} || AMC || 3,552,000 || – || – || 3,552,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Sudan}} || AMC || 3,396,000 || – || – || 3,396,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|South Africa}} || SFP || – || 2,976,000 || 117,000 || 3,093,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Afghanistan}} || AMC || 3,024,000 || – || – || 3,024,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Republic of Korea}} || SFP || – || 2,596,800 || 117,000 || 2,713,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Colombia}} || SFP || – || 2,553,600 || 117,000 || 2,670,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Uzbekistan}} || AMC || 2,640,000 || – || – || 2,640,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Angola}} || AMC || 2,544,000 || – || – || 2,544,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Mozambique}} || AMC || 2,424,000 || – || – || 2,424,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Ghana}} || AMC || 2,412,000 || – || – || 2,412,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Ukraine}} || AMC || – || 2,215,200 || 117,000 || 2,332,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Yemen}} || AMC || 2,316,000 || – || – || 2,316,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Argentina}} || SFP || – || 2,275,200 || – || 2,275,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Nepal}} || AMC || 2,256,000 || – || – || 2,256,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Algeria}} || AMC || – || 2,200,800 || – || 2,200,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Cameroon}} || AMC || 2,052,000 || – || – || 2,052,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Cote d'Ivoire}} || AMC || 2,040,000 || – || – || 2,040,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Iraq}} || SFP || – || 2,018,400 || – || 2,018,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|North Korea}} || AMC || 1,992,000 || – || – || 1,992,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Canada}} || SFP || – || 1,903,200 || – || 1,903,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Morocco}} || AMC || – || 1,881,600 || – || 1,881,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Niger}} || AMC || 1,872,000 || – || – || 1,872,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Peru}} || SFP || – || 1,653,600 || 117,000 || 1,770,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Saudi Arabia}} || SFP || – || 1,747,200 || – || 1,747,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Sri Lanka}} || AMC || 1,692,000 || – || – || 1,692,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Malaysia}} || SFP || – || 1,624,800 || – || 1,624,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Burkina Faso}} || AMC || 1,620,000 || – || – || 1,620,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Mali}} || AMC || 1,572,000 || – || – || 1,572,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Malawi}} || AMC || 1,476,000 || – || – || 1,476,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Zambia}} || AMC || 1,428,000 || – || – || 1,428,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Venezuela}} || SFP || – || 1,425,600 || – || 1,425,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|Non-UN Member States || N/A || – || 1,303,200 || – || 1,303,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Cambodia}} || AMC || 1,296,000 || – || – || 1,296,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Senegal}} || AMC || 1,296,000 || – || – || 1,296,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Chad}} || AMC || 1,272,000 || – || – || 1,272,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Somalia}} || AMC || 1,224,000 || – || – || 1,224,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Zimbabwe}} || AMC || 1,152,000 || – || – || 1,152,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Guinea}} || AMC || 1,020,000 || – || – || 1,020,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Syrian Arab Republic}} || AMC || 1,020,000 || – || – || 1,020,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Bolivia}} || AMC || 900,000 || – || 92,430 || 992,430
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Chile}} || SFP || – || 957,600 || – || 957,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Benin}} || AMC || 936,000 || – || – || 936,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Rwanda}} || AMC || 996,000 || – || 102,960 || 1,098,960
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Ecuador}} || SFP || – || 885,600 || – || 885,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Haiti}} || AMC || 876,000 || – || – || 876,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|South Sudan}} || AMC || 864,000 || – || – || 864,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Guatemala}} || SFP || – || 847,200 || – || 847,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Tajikistan}} || AMC || 732,000 || – || – || 732,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Tunisia}} || AMC || – || 592,800 || 93,600 || 686,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Papua New Guinea}} || AMC || 684,000 || – || – || 684,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Togo}} || AMC || 636,000 || – || – || 636,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Sierra Leone}} || AMC || 612,000 || – || – || 612,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Laos}} || AMC || 564,000 || – || – || 564,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Dominican Republic}} || SFP || – || 542,400 || – || 542,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Jordan}} || SFP || – || 511,200 || – || 511,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Azerbaijan}} || SFP || – || 506,400 || – || 506,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Kyrgyz Republic}} || AMC || 504,000 || – || – || 504,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Nicaragua}} || AMC || 504,000 || – || – || 504,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Honduras}} || AMC || – || 496,800 || – || 496,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Congo, Rep.}} || AMC || 420,000 || – || – || 420,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Liberia}} || AMC || 384,000 || – || – || 384,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|El Salvador}} || AMC || – || 324,000 || 51,480 || 375,480
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Central African Republic}} || AMC || 372,000 || – || – || 372,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Mauritania}} || AMC || 360,000 || – || – || 360,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Paraguay}} || SFP || – || 357,600 || – || 357,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Serbia}} || SFP || – || 345,600 || – || 345,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Libya}} || SFP || – || 343,200 || – || 343,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Lebanon}} || SFP || – || 340,800 || – || 340,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Singapore}} || SFP || – || 288,000 || – || 288,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Palestine}} || AMC || – || 240,000 || 37,440 || 277,440
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Costa Rica}} || SFP || – || 254,400 || – || 254,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Oman}} || SFP || – || 254,400 || – || 254,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|New Zealand}} || SFP || – || 249,600 || – || 249,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Panama}} || SFP || – || 216,000 || – || 216,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Georgia}} || SFP || – || 184,800 || 29,250 || 214,050
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Mongolia}} || AMC || – || 163,200 || 25,740 || 188,940
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Moldova}} || AMC || – || 156,000 || 24,570 || 180,570
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Gambia, The}} || AMC || 180,000 || – || – || 180,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} || SFP || – || 153,600 || 23,400 || 177,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Uruguay}} || SFP || – || 172,800 || – || 172,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Lesotho}} || AMC || 156,000 || – || – || 156,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Armenia}} || SFP || – || 146,400 || – || 146,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Jamaica}} || SFP || – || 146,400 || – || 146,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Guinea-Bissau}} || AMC || 144,000 || – || – || 144,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Qatar}} || SFP || – || 144,000 || – || 144,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Albania}} || SFP || – || 141,600 || – || 141,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Namibia}} || SFP || – || 127,200 || – || 127,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Botswana}} || SFP || – || 117,600 || – || 117,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Bhutan}} || AMC || 108,000 || – || 5,850 || 113,850
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Cabo Verde}} || AMC || 108,000 || – || 5,850 || 113,850
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Comoros}} || AMC || 108,000 || – || – || 108,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Djibouti}} || AMC || 108,000 || – || – || 108,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Eswatini}} || AMC || 108,000 || – || – || 108,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Solomon Islands}} || AMC || 108,000 || – || – || 108,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|North Macedonia}} || SFP || – || 103,200 || – || 103,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Maldives}} || AMC || 108,000 || – || 5,850 || 113,850
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Bahamas}} || SFP || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Bahrain}} || SFP || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Barbados}} || SFP || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Belize}} || SFP || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Brunei Darussalam}} || SFP || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Fiji}} || AMC || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Guyana}} || AMC || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Kosovo}} || AMC || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Mauritius}} || SFP || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Timor-Leste}} || AMC || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Trinidad and Tobago}} || SFP || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Vanuatu}} || AMC || – || 100,800 || – || 100,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Sao Tome and Principe}} || AMC || 96,000 || – || – || 96,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Montenegro}} || SFP || – || 84,000 || – || 84,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Samoa}} || AMC || – || 79,200 || – || 79,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Suriname}} || SFP || – || 79,200 || – || 79,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|St. Lucia}} || AMC || – || 74,400 || – || 74,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Kiribati}} || AMC || – || 48,000 || – || 48,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Micronesia, Fed. Sts.}} || AMC || – || 48,000 || – || 48,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Grenada}} || AMC || – || 45,600 || – || 45,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|St. Vincent and the Grenadines}} || AMC || – || 45,600 || – || 45,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Tonga}} || AMC || – || 43,200 || – || 43,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Antigua and Barbuda}} || SFP || – || 40,800 || – || 40,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Dominica}} || AMC || – || 28,800 || – || 28,800
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Andorra}} || SFP || – || 26,400 || – || 26,400
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Marshall Islands}} || AMC || – || 24,000 || – || 24,000
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|St. Kitts and Nevis}} || SFP || – || 21,600 || – || 21,600
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Monaco}} || SFP || – || 7,200 || – || 7,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Nauru}} || SFP || – || 7,200 || – || 7,200
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|{{flagu|Tuvalu}} || AMC || – || 4,800 || – || 4,800
|-class="sortbottom"
!style="text-align:left;"|TOTAL!!-!!style="text-align:right;"|227,664,000!!style="text-align:right;"|91,200,000!!style="text-align:right;"|1,200,420!!style="text-align:right;"|320,064,420
|-
|}
{{clear}}

==Participants (donors)==
COVAX is principally funded by Western countries.<ref name=Steinhauser/> As of 19 February 2021, 30 countries have signed commitment agreements to the COVAX Facility as well as the [[European Union]] (apart from the individual member states). Although more than $6&nbsp;billion was pledged, not all of the funding has been delivered yet. In April, the initiative wrote that it had not yet received its target of $3.2&nbsp;billion for 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/04/1088932|title=How can we vaccinate the world? Five challenges facing the UN-backed COVAX programme|publisher=UN News|date=5 April 2021|accessdate=2021-04-25}}</ref>

Although mainly funded by governments ("[[Official Development Assistance]]"), the COVAX scheme is also funded by private-sector and philanthropic contributions, and recipient countries may share some costs for vaccines and delivery.<ref name=Berkley/>

In May 2021, UNICEF made an urgent appeal to industrialised nations to pool their excess COVID-19 vaccine capacity to make up for a 125-million-dose gap in the COVAX program. Only a limited amount of vaccines are distributed efficiently, and the shortfall of vaccines in South America and parts of Asia are due to a lack of expedient donations by richer nations. International organisations have pointed at Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Maldives as well as Argentina and Brazil, and some parts of the [[Caribbean]] as problem areas, where vaccines are in short supply. UNICEF has also been critical towards proposed donations of Moderna and Pfizer vaccines since these are not slated for delivery until the second half of 2021, or early 2022.<ref>[https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2021/05/un-agencies-make-urgent-appeal-covax-vaccine-doses "UN agencies make urgent appeal for COVAX vaccine doses".] ''CIDRAP (Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy).'' Retrieved June 2021.</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable" 
|+COVAX-AMC donors as of 27 April 2022<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gavi.org/sites/default/files/covid/covax/COVAX-AMC-Donors-Table.pdf |title=Key Outcomes One World Protected - COVAX AMC Summit<br>Assured resources for the Gavi COVAX AMC |publisher=Gavi}}</ref><br>(million USD)
!  Donor !! Contributions
|-
|{{flag|United States of America}}||style="text-align:right;"|4,000.0
|-
|{{flag|Germany}}||style="text-align:right;"|1,653.9
|-
|{{flag|Japan}}||style="text-align:right;"|1,500.0
|-
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}||style="text-align:right;"|735.2
|-
|{{flag|Canada}}||style="text-align:right;"|669.2
|-
|{{flag|Sweden}}||style="text-align:right;"|549.2
|-
|{{flagicon|EU}} [[European Commission]]||style="text-align:right;"|542.9
|-
|{{flag|Italy}}||style="text-align:right;"|442.7
|-
|[[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]]||style="text-align:right;"|236.3
|-
|{{flag|France}}||style="text-align:right;"|229.0
|-
|{{flag|Republic of Korea}}||style="text-align:right;"|210.0
|-
|{{flag|Norway}}||style="text-align:right;"|197.7
|-
|{{flag|Australia}}||style="text-align:right;"|159.1
|-
|{{flag|Switzerland}}||style="text-align:right;"|157.5
|-
|{{flag|Kingdom of Saudi Arabia}}||style="text-align:right;"|150.0
|-
|{{flag|Spain}}||style="text-align:right;"|127.2
|-
|{{flag|Netherlands}}||style="text-align:right;"|108.7
|-
|{{flag|China}}||style="text-align:right;"|100.0
|-
|{{flag|Brazil}}||style="text-align:right;"|86.7
|-
|{{flag|Kuwait}}||style="text-align:right;"|50.0
|-
|[[Reed Hastings]] and Patty Quillin||style="text-align:right;"|30.0
|-
|[[Mastercard]]||style="text-align:right;"|28.3
|-
|{{flag|New Zealand}}||style="text-align:right;"|22.5
|-
|{{flag|Finland}}||style="text-align:right;"|19.3
|-
|{{flag|Denmark}}||style="text-align:right;"|18.2
|-
|Gates Philanthropy Partners||style="text-align:right;"|18.0
|-
|{{flag|Ireland}}||style="text-align:right;"|15.5
|-
|{{flag|Belgium}}||style="text-align:right;"|13.6
|-
|{{flag|Qatar}}||style="text-align:right;"|10.0
|-
|[[Shell plc|Shell]] ||style="text-align:right;"|10.0
|-
|[[Twilio]]||style="text-align:right;"|10.0
|-
|{{flag|Austria}}||style="text-align:right;"|8.5
|-
|{{flag|Iceland}}||style="text-align:right;"|8.0
|-
|[[Google.org]] ||style="text-align:right;"|7.5
|-
|WHO Foundation - Go Give One Campaign||style="text-align:right;"|6.0
|-
|{{flag|Luxembourg}}||style="text-align:right;"|5.7
|-
|[[King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center (KSRelief)|KSRelief]]||style="text-align:right;"|5.3
|-
|{{flag|Singapore}}||style="text-align:right;"|5.0
|-
|[[Cisco]]||style="text-align:right;"|5.0
|-
|[[Procter & Gamble]]||style="text-align:right;"|5.0
|-
|[[TikTok]]||style="text-align:right;"|5.0
|-
|[[Wise (company)|Wise]]||style="text-align:right;"|5.0
|-
|[[Visa Inc.|Visa]] Foundation||style="text-align:right;"|4.5
|-
|[[Soccer Aid]]||style="text-align:right;"|4.2
|-
|[[Tobias Lütke|Thistledown Foundation]]||style="text-align:right;"|3.9
|-
|{{flag|Bahrain}}||style="text-align:right;"|2.5
|-
|[[Jeux sans frontières|Gamers without Borders]] / Ksrelief||style="text-align:right;"|2.3
|-
|Vaccine Forward Initiative||style="text-align:right;"|2.2
|-
|[[UBS]] Optimus Foundation||style="text-align:right;"|2.1
|-
|{{flag|Greece}}||style="text-align:right;"|1.8
|-
|Portuguese Private Sector||style="text-align:right;"|1.8
|-
|Asia Philanthropy Circle ||style="text-align:right;"|1.5
|-
|{{flag|Philippines}}||style="text-align:right;"|1.1
|-
|{{flag|Oman}}||style="text-align:right;"|1.0
|-
|{{flag|Portugal}}||style="text-align:right;"|1.0
|-
|{{flag|Vietnam}}||style="text-align:right;"|1.0
|-
|[[Analog Devices]] Foundation||style="text-align:right;"|1.0
|-
|[[Stanley Black & Decker]]||style="text-align:right;"|1.0
|-
|Others||style="text-align:right;"|246.1
|-
!Total||style="text-align:right;"|12,445.7
|}

=== Canada ===
Canada pledged $220&nbsp;million worth of vaccines on 25 September 2020 to join as a self-financing contributor to COVAX. On 14 June, Canada doubled its pledge to add an additional 13 million doses of AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, and NovaVax vaccines. This was in addition to the over 80&nbsp;million available to purchase through financial contribution.{{cn|date=August 2021}}

=== China ===
China joined COVAX on 9 October 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Qian|first1=Colin|last2=Nebehay|first2=Stephanie|date=9 October 2020|title=China joins WHO-backed vaccine programme COVAX rejected by Trump|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-china-covax-idUSKBN26U027|access-date=2021-03-10}}</ref> The [[Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine|Sinopharm BIBP vaccine]] and [[CoronaVac]] (by [[Sinovac Biotech]]) are Chinese-developed vaccines approved by the WHO for distribution through COVAX.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nebehay|first=Stephanie|date=1 June 2021|title=WHO approves Sinovac COVID shot in second Chinese milestone|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-who-sinovac-idUSKCN2DD3V5|access-date=2021-06-01}}</ref> By July 2021, [[GAVI]] had signed advanced purchase agreements for 170 million doses of the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine, 350&nbsp;million doses of CoronaVac, and 414&nbsp;million doses of [[SCB-2019]], another vaccine in Phase III trials.<ref>{{Cite web|date=12 July 2021|title=Chinese drugmakers agree to supply more than half a billion vaccines to COVAX|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/gavi-signs-covid-19-vaccine-supply-deals-with-sinovac-sinopharm-covax-2021-07-12/|access-date=2021-07-13|work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=30 June 2021|title=China's Clover to supply up to 414 mln COVID-19 doses to COVAX scheme|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/chinas-clover-supply-up-414-mln-covid-19-doses-covax-scheme-2021-06-30/|access-date=2021-07-13|work=Reuters}}</ref> On 8 August 2021, China pledges US$100&nbsp;million towards equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines for lower-income countries, brings the total raised for the Covax to nearly US$10&nbsp;billion<ref>{{Cite web|date=6 August 2021|title= On Aug. 8, 2021, China pledges US$ 100 million towards equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines for lower-income countries |url=https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/china-pledges-us-100-million-towards-equitable-access-covid-19-vaccines|access-date=2021-09-24|website=Gavi.org}}</ref> Further, [[Paramount leader|China's Leader]] [[Xi Jinping]] pledges 2&nbsp;billion vaccines globally through year's end. According to AP News, China has already delivered 770 million doses to foreign countries since September 2020 (as of 6 August 2021)<ref>{{Cite web|date=6 August 2021|title= China pledges 2 billion vaccines globally through year's end|url=https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-business-health-china-coronavirus-pandemic-7b3a7e0f5949b6976d4cf7f69bba71d0 |access-date=2021-09-24|website=APNews}}</ref>

=== India ===
India joined COVAX through a membership with the [[GAVI]] alliance.<ref>[https://www.gavi.org/investing-gavi/funding/donor-profiles/india GAVI (The Vaccine Alliance) – India]. Retrieved 25 March 2021.</ref> The [[Serum Institute of India]] is the main producer for the [[Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine|Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine]], up to 700 million doses were expected for 2021. After initial deliveries to North Africa, West Africa, Eastern Europe and the Middle East in March and April 2021, India began to limit vaccine exports until the end of 2021, due to high domestic demand.<ref>Beaumont, Peter (24 March 2021) [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/mar/24/delhi-reportedly-halts-astrazeneca-covid-vaccine-exports-as-cases-soar "Delhi reportedly halts AstraZeneca Covid vaccine exports as cases soar"]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 25 March 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55571793 India coronavirus: Can all adults get vaccinated in 2021?] BBC. Retrieved 23 June 2021</ref><ref>McGregor, Grady (7 April 2021). [https://fortune.com/2021/04/07/india-covid-cases-global-vaccine-supply-serum-institute/ "India’s record wave of COVID-19 infections threatens the global vaccine supply"]. ''Fortune''. Retrieved 9 April 2021.</ref> Based on the high infection rates in India, COVAX was projected to deliver only 145 million doses instead of 240&nbsp;million by May 2021. Vaccine production was also negatively affected because of a ban by the U.S. on the export of key raw materials.<ref>[https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-covid-19-vaccination-in-poorer-nations-has-slowed-posing-global-risks-11618826934 "Why Covid-19 Vaccination in Poorer Nations Has Slowed, Posing Global Risks"]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved 24 April 2021.</ref> In September 2021, the Government of India announced the resumption of vaccines exports from October 2021 onwards since it had quadrupled its production and only excess supplies would be exported.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Arora |first1=Neha |last2=Das |first2=Krishna N. |title=India to restart COVID vaccine exports to COVAX, neighbours |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-resume-covid-vaccine-exports-next-quarter-2021-09-20/ |work=Reuters |date=20 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

===European Union===
{{As of|November 2020}}, the [[European Union]] (EU) and EU members have pledged €870&nbsp;million to COVAX.<ref name=EC1>{{cite press release|author=[[European Commission]]|title=EU increases its contribution to COVAX to €500 million to secure COVID-19 vaccines for low and middle-income countries|url=https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_20_2075|date=12 November 2020|accessdate=3 February 2021}}</ref> The [[European Commission]] (EC) brought the EU into COVAX on 31 August 2020 and pledged €400&nbsp;million in [[guarantees]],<ref>{{cite press release|author=European Commission|title=Coronavirus Global Response: Commission joins the COVID-19 Vaccine Global Access Facility (COVAX)|url=https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_20_1540|date=31 August 2020|accessdate=4 February 2021}}</ref> but did not state how this money would be paid out or its conditions.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Guarascio|first1=Francesco|last2=Nebehay|first2=Stephanie|title=EU offers 400 million euros to WHO-led COVID-19 vaccine initiative|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-eu-who/eu-offers-400-million-euros-to-who-led-covid-19-vaccine-initiative-idUSKBN25R1AC|work=[[Reuters]]|date=31 August 2020|accessdate=4 February 2021}}</ref> The EC pledged a further €100&nbsp;million from the 11th [[European Development Fund]] to COVAX via a [[Grant (money)|grant]] to GAVI on 12 November. Individual EU member states have also made additional pledges; France donated an additional €100&nbsp;million, Spain an additional €50&nbsp;million, and Finland an additional €2&nbsp;million.<ref name=EC1/>

According to the [[Federal Foreign Office|Foreign Office]] of the Federal Republic of Germany, Germany has joined COVAX through the European Union and has pledged €300&nbsp;million for the treatment of COVID-19 in developing nations bringing the total EU contribution to over €2.2&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{cite news|title=Corona-Impfstoff weltweit fair verteilen: GAVI kündigt erste Lieferung von Impfdosen über COVAX an|url=https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/aussenpolitik/themen/gesundheit/covax/2395748|work=[[Federal Foreign Office]]|date=3 February 2021|publisher=Federal Republic of Germany|language=de|accessdate=3 February 2021}}</ref>

On the consilium site, Team Europe reported a €2.47&nbsp;billion donation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/coronavirus/global-solidarity/|title=EU's international solidarity during the COVID-19 pandemic|publisher=Council of the European Union|date=25 May 2021|accessdate=26 July 2021}}</ref>

The Gavi COVAX Advance Market Commitment, a financing mechanism supported by donors and expedited by the [[European Investment Bank]], provided free vaccinations to individuals in the world's 92 poorest countries.<ref name=":104">{{Cite web |title=The climate crisis is also a health crisis |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/the-climate-crisis-is-also-a-health-crisis |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=European Investment Bank |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gavi COVAX AMC |url=https://www.gavi.org/gavi-covax-amc |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=www.gavi.org |date=21 January 2022 |language=en}}</ref> So far, more than 1.6 billion COVAX doses have been provided to poor nations, assisting in the vaccination of 52% of their population, compared to a global average of 64%.<ref name=":104" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=COVAX calls for urgent action to close vaccine equity gap |url=https://www.who.int/news/item/20-05-2022-covax-calls-for-urgent-action-to-close-vaccine-equity-gap |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=COVAX vaccine roll-out |url=https://www.gavi.org/covax-vaccine-roll-out |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=www.gavi.org |date=6 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

=== United Kingdom ===
The United Kingdom has provided £548&nbsp;million to Covax.<ref>{{cite news|title=Corona-Covax: How will Covid vaccines be shared with poorer countries? an|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-55795297|work=[[BBC News]]|date=26 January 2021|publisher=BBC|language=en|accessdate=4 February 2021}}</ref> The United Kingdom was the biggest single donor to COVAX-AMC until being overtaken by the European Union and the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gavi.org/sites/default/files/covid/covax/COVAX-AMC-Donors-Table.pdf |title=Key Outcomes: COVAX AMC |publisher=Gavi}}</ref>

===United States===
[[File:The United States Delivers COVID-19 Vaccine Doses to Ecuador (51296988809).jpg|thumb|Vaccines donated by the United States are transported in Ecuador in 2021]]
As part of its [[America First (policy)|America First policy]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Williams|first=Abigail|title=U.S. opts out of WHO-linked global COVID-19 vaccine effort|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/u-s-opts-out-who-linked-global-covid-19-vaccine-n1239218|publisher=[[NBC News]]|date=3 September 2020|accessdate=3 February 2021}}</ref> the [[First presidency of Donald Trump|Trump administration]] stated that it would not join COVAX because of its association with the WHO,<ref>{{cite news|last=Beer|first=Thomas|title=U.S. Won't Join Global Coronavirus Vaccine Effort Because It's Led By The WHO|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tommybeer/2020/09/01/us-wont-join-global-coronavirus-vaccine-effort-because-its-led-by-the-who/?sh=9ccf5d858769|work=[[Forbes]]|date=1 September 2020|accessdate=15 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Rauhala|first1=Emily|last2=Abutaleb|first2=Yasmeen|title=U.S. says it won't join WHO-linked effort to develop, distribute coronavirus vaccine|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/coronavirus-vaccine-trump/2020/09/01/b44b42be-e965-11ea-bf44-0d31c85838a5_story.html|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=1 September 2020|accessdate=4 February 2021}}</ref> from which it had begun a year-long withdrawal process on 6 July 2020.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Smith|first1=Allan|last2=Perlmutter-Gumbiner|first2=Elyse|title=Trump administration gives formal notice of withdrawal from WHO|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-administration-gives-formal-notice-withdrawal-who-n1233100|publisher=[[NBC News]]|date=7 July 2020|accessdate=3 February 2021}}</ref>

After [[Joe Biden]] was elected president in the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 election]], he announced that the United States would remain in the WHO and would join COVAX on 20 January 2021. This reversal of American policy (announced by [[Anthony Fauci]], [[Chief Medical Advisor to the President]]) was welcomed globally.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nebehay|first=Stephanie|title=U.S., staying in WHO, to join COVID vaccine push for poor nations: Fauci|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-who-usa-idUSKBN29Q12B|work=[[Reuters]]|date=21 January 2021|accessdate=3 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=US joins global vaccine efforts on Biden's first day |url=https://www.ft.com/content/4f8d0bb8-bf6e-48b5-aa06-2a3837d695ea|date=21 January 2021|newspaper=Financial Times|author=Donato Paolo Mancini}}</ref> On 19 February, the US pledged $4&nbsp;billion, making it the single largest contributor to the fund.<ref>{{cite news |title=Covid vaccines: G7 increase support for Covax scheme |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-56130419 |access-date=19 February 2021 |work=BBC News |date=19 February 2021}}</ref>

On 16 July 2021, the [[African Union]] (AU)/African Vaccine Acquisition Trust (AVAT), COVAX and the United States government announced the donation of 25 million [[Janssen COVID-19 vaccine|Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine]]s to 49 African countries. [[Afreximbank]] put in place a US$2&nbsp;billion Advance Procurement Commitment (APC) Guarantee to obtain 400 million more doses of the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine, providing a total of 620&nbsp;million doses to Africa by the end of 2021. The vaccines will be in part sourced from licensed production in South Africa,<ref>[https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/covid-19-tracker-pfizer-vaccine-data-babies-could-come-by-september-spain-s-reig-jofre-to "COVID-19 tracker: EMA warns of a possible link between Johnson & Johnson vax and neurological disorder; EU lagging on vaccine donation pledge"] ''FiercePharma''. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref> and distributed by COVAX with the goal to vaccinate 60% of the population.<ref>[https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/us-donated-vaccine-deliveries-africa-set-begin-first-deliveries-planned "US-donated vaccine deliveries to Africa set to begin, with first deliveries planned to Burkina Faso, Djibouti, and Ethiopia"] ''Gavi.org''. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref>

=== United Arab Emirates ===
Since the UAE started producing Hayat-Vax in late March 2021, a rebranded version of the Chinese [[Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine|Sinopharm BIBP vaccine]] through a joint venture between Sinopharm and Group 42, the country has donated vaccine doses to several African countries.<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 May 2021|title=Western vaccine nationalism opening door for China to lead global recovery|url=https://www.scmp.com/comment/opinion/article/3133763/western-vaccine-nationalism-opening-door-china-lead-global-recovery|access-date=2021-06-08|website=South China Morning Post|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=29 March 2021|title=UAE launches COVID-19 vaccine production with China's Sinopharm|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/new-abu-dhabi-plant-manufacture-covid-19-vaccine-chinas-sinopharm-2021-03-29/|access-date=2021-06-08|work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=3 June 2021|title=Covid-19 Africa: What is happening with vaccines?|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/56100076|access-date=2021-06-08}}</ref>

=== Private donors ===

It is possible for private donors to donate to COVAX through the "Go Give One" campaign. The WHO estimates the campaign's cost-effectiveness at one vaccine dose per US$7 donated.<ref>{{cite news |title=Donate $7 for a COVID-19 vaccine to help end pandemic, WHO urges |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-who-donation/donate-7-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-to-help-end-pandemic-who-urges-idUSL8N2MK5MD |access-date=4 May 2021 |work=Reuters |date=28 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[World Health Organization's response to the COVID-19 pandemic]]
* [[Medicines Patent Pool]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commonscat|COVAX}}
* [https://www.gavi.org/news/document-library/covax-commitment-agreements  List of participants in the COVAX Facility, Confirmations of intent to participate and AMC-Eligible economies]
* [https://www.who.int/initiatives/act-accelerator/covax WHO information page about COVAX]
* [https://www.gavi.org/covax-facility GAVI page about COVAX]

[[Category:COVID-19 vaccines]]
[[Category:European Union health policy]]
[[Category:World Health Organization]]