Carl Charlier

Professor Carl Charlier in 1923.

Grave of Carl Charlier in Lund, Sweden.

Carl Vilhelm Ludwig Charlier (April 1, 1862 – November 5, 1934) was a Swedish astronomer. His parents were Emmerich Emanuel and Aurora Kristina (née Hollstein) Charlier.

Career

Charlier was born in Östersund. He received his Ph.D. from Uppsala University in 1887, later worked there and at the Stockholm Observatory and was Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Observatory at Lund University from 1897.

He made extensive statistical studies of the stars in our galaxy and their positions and motions, and tried to develop a model of the galaxy based on this. He proposed the siriometer as a unit of stellar distance.

Charlier was also interested in pure statistics and played a role in the development of statistics in Swedish academia. Several of his pupils became statisticians, working at universities and in government and companies.

Related to his work on galactic structure, he also developed a cosmological theory based on the work of Johann Heinrich Lambert. In the resulting Lambert-Charlier Hierarchical Cosmology, increasingly large areas of space contain decreasing densities of matter, the principle being introduced to avoid the observational inconsistency that would otherwise emerge from Olbers Paradox.

Late in his career, he translated Isaac Newton's Principia into Swedish. He died in Lund, aged 72.

• James Craig Watson Medal (1924)
• Bruce Medal (1933)

Named after him

• Charlier (lunar crater)
• Crater on Mars
• Asteroid 8677 Charlier
• Charlier polynomials

Publications

• Carl Ludwig Charlier: Die Mechanik des Himmels, 1902–1907, Leipzig: Veit, (2 volumes) (2nd edition in 1927)
• Lectures on Stellar Statistics. Charlier. 1921

References

• MNRAS 95 (1935) 339

Bibliography

• Gustav Holmberg, Reaching for the Stars: Studies in the History of Swedish Stellar and Nebular Astronomy, 1860-1940 (Lund, 1999)
• Gustav Holmberg, "C.V.L. Charlier", in Hockey, Thomas (2009). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. Springer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. Retrieved August 22, 2012.

External links

• Bruce Medal page
• Awarding of Bruce Medal: PASP 45 (1933) 5
• Gustav Holmberg: Astronomy in Sweden 1860-1940
• Works by Carl Vilhelm Ludwig Charlier at Project Gutenberg
• Works by or about Carl Charlier at the Internet Archive