View source for Chinese destroyer Kaifeng (109)

{{short description|Type 051 destroyer of the PLA Navy}}
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|Ship image= File:Chinese guided missile destroyer KAIFENG (DDG-109).JPEG
|Ship caption= ''Kaifeng'' on 1 May 1993
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|Ship country=China
|Ship flag= {{shipboxflag|China|naval}}
|Ship name= *''Kaifeng''
*(开封)
|Ship namesake= [[Kaifeng]]
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|Ship builder= [[Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Company|Dalian Shipyard]], [[Liaoning]]
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|Ship launched= 3 November 1979
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|Ship commissioned= 25 December 1982
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|Ship decommissioned= 16 May 2019
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|Ship identification=[[Pennant number]]: 109
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|Ship status= Decommissioned
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|Ship class= [[Type 051 destroyer]]
|Ship tonnage=
|Ship displacement=3,670 tons
|Ship length={{convert|132|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|12.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
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|Ship draught={{convert|4.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
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|Ship propulsion=*2 steam turbines
*{{convert|72000|shp|kW|-2|abbr=on}}
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|Ship speed={{convert|32|kn|km/h|0}}
|Ship range=2,970 miles
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|Ship complement=280
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|Ship armament=* 16 [[anti-ship missile]]s
* 8 [[surface-to-air missile]]s + 16 spare (manual reload)
* 2 twin-barrel 130 mm [[dual purpose gun]]s
* 4 Type 76A dual-37 mm [[anti-aircraft gun]]s
* 2 Type 75 [[anti-submarine]] rocket systems
* 6 [[torpedo]] tubes
* [[Depth charge]]s
* 38 [[naval mine]]s
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'''''Kaifeng'' (109)''' is a [[Type 051 destroyer]] of the [[People's Liberation Army Navy]].

== Development and design ==
The PLAN began designing a warship armed with guided missiles in 1960 based on the Soviet ''Neustrashimy'', with features from the {{sclass|Kotlin|destroyer}}, but the [[Sino-Soviet split]] stopped work. Work resumed in 1965<ref name="fi_4">Forecast International: page 4</ref> with nine ships being ordered.<ref name="jfs_2004_127">Jane's Fighting Ships 2004-2005: p. 127</ref><ref name="fi_4" /> Construction started in 1968, with trials beginning in 1971. The ships nominally entered service in the early 1970s, but few were fully operational before 1985; workmanship was poor due to the [[Cultural Revolution]].<ref name="fi_4" />

Construction of the second batch began in 1977,<ref name="jfs_2009_139">Jane's Fighting Ships 2009-2010: p. 139</ref> with the last commissioning in 1991.<ref name="jfs_2009_1402">Jane's Fighting Ships 2009-2010: p. 140</ref> The second batch may have been ordered due to the Cultural Revolution disrupting development of a successor class.<ref name="fi_4" /> These ships may be designated  Type 051D.<ref name="jfs_2009_139" /> The PLAN initiated an abortive modernization program for the first batch in 1982. The ships would be reconstructed with British weapons and sensors acquired from [[British Aerospace]]. The [[Falklands War]] made the prospective upgrades less impressive and cost effective, and the project was cancelled in 1984. A 1986 upgrade project using American power plants, weapons, sensors, and computers was cancelled because of the [[1989 Tiananmen Square protests]].<ref name="fi_4" />

== Construction and career ==
''Kaifeng'' was launched on 3 November 1979 at the [[Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Company|Dalian Shipyard]] in [[Liaoning]]. Commissioned on 25 December 1982.

''Kaifeng'' initially received the [[Thomson-CSF]] Tavitac combat data system, the Type 393 surface search radar, and [[HQ-7]] ([[Crotale (missile)|Crotale]] derivative) [[surface-to-air missile]]s (SAM); the missiles replaced "X" turret. In 1999, [[YJ-8]] missiles replaced the HY-series, and electronic warfare systems were upgraded.<ref name="jfs_2009_1402"/> She was later equipped with [[YJ-83]] anti-ship missiles.<ref name="Tate_2019-05-17">{{cite web|last=Tate|first=Andrew|date=17 May 2019|title=PLAN decommissions four Type 051 destroyers|url=https://www.janes.com/article/88602/plan-decommissions-four-type-051-destroyers|access-date=7 June 2019|website=Jane's 360}}</ref>

She was decommissioned on 16 May 2019.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Type 051 destroyer|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kaifeng}}
[[Category:1979 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in China]]
[[Category:Type 051 destroyers]]
[[Category:Cold War destroyers of the People's Republic of China]]