Christine Muller-Schwarze
Christine Muller-Schwarze (also Müller-Schwarze), a German-born psychologist from Utah State University, was the first American scientist to work on the Antarctic mainland.
Antarctic work
She accompanied her husband, Dietland Muller-Schwarze, a biologist, to Cape Crozier on Ross Island. Flying from Christchurch, New Zealand, on 15 October 1969, they arrived in Antarctica to study Adelie penguins at Cape Crozier, some 50 miles from the American McMurdo Station. Four other American scientists joined Muller-Schwarze three weeks later.[1] For a time, the couple shared a field cabin with other scientists but later had their own collapsible fibreglass igloo.[2] In the early 1970s, they also worked on Christine Island whose name was proposed in Christine's honour by her husband who worked for the U.S. Antarctic Research Program (USARP).[3]
Muller-Schwarze became a member of the team led by Lois Jones. Jones and six other women scientists were flown to the South Pole on 12 November 1969 but Muller-Schwarze declined the trip as she was too busy with her penguins.[4]
Muller-Schwarze and her husband studied the behaviour of the predetor-prey relationships between the leopard seal and the south polar skua as well as the prophylactic and defensive behaviour of Adelie penguins, showing that when dispersed by a leopard seal attack, the penguins remain motionless for long periods.[5]
Together with her husband, Muller-Schwarze published her findings on penguins in Pinguine (in German), first published in 1975.[6]
References
- ^ "Penguin Study". Reading Eagle. 15 October 1969. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
{{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help) - ^ "Famous firsts". The Antarctic Sun. 13 November 2009. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
{{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help) - ^ "Christine Island". USGS.
- ^ "First women at Pole". South Pole Station. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
- ^ Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, (December 1970). Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc. pp. 72–. ISSN 0096-3402.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ Müller-Schwarze, Dietland; Müller-Schwarze, Christine (2004). Pinguine: Sphenisciformes, Spheniscidae. Westarp-Wiss.-Verlag-Ges. ISBN 978-3-89432-820-7.