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Cnemidophorus

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Cnemidophorus
Aruban Whiptail
Cnemidophorus arubensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Subphylum:
Vertebrata
Class:
Reptilia
Order:
Squamata
Suborder:
Autarchoglossa
Infraorder:
Scincomorpha
Family:
Teiidae
Genus:
Cnemidophorus

Wagler, 1830[1]

Cnemidophorus is a genus of lizards in the family Teiidae. Species in the genus Cnemidophorus are commonly referred to as whiptail lizards or racerunners. Note that the nomenclature for this genus has recently been re-examined by T.W. Reeder et al. in 2002. Many species that were Cnemidophorus should now likely be considered Aspidoscelis based upon divergent characters between the two groups.

The name Cnemidophorus literally means "greave-wearing", from the Ancient Greek knēmido- (combining form of knēmis, "greave", a leg armor) and -phoros ("bearer").[2]

Reproduction

In some of the Cnemidophorus species, there are no males, and they reproduce through parthenogenesis. This is well known in bees and aphids, but is very rare in vertebrates. Those species without males are now known to originate through hybridization, or interspecific breeding. Occasionally, a mating between a female of one species and a male of another produces a parthenogen, a female that is able to produce viable eggs that are genetically identical to her own cells. The lizards that hatch from these eggs are thus also parthenogens that can again produce identical eggs, resulting in an asexual, clonal population. Parthenogenetic species resulting from a single hybridization are diploid (that is, they have two sets of chromosomes just as sexual species do), but sometimes these females mate with other males, producing offspring which are triploid (that is, they have three sets of chromosomes, or 50% more than equivalent sexual species; see polyploidy). Over 30% of the Cnemidophorus genus are parthenogenic.

Species

The genus Cnemidophorus, sensu lato, contains the following species. Template:Multicol

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See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cnemidophorus.

References

  1. ^ ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System). www.itis.gov.
  2. ^ Webster's Third New International Dictionary: "New Latin, from Greek knēmidophoros wearing greaves, from knēmid-, knēmis greave + -phoros -phorous"

Further reading

  • Wagler J. 1830. Natürliches System der AMPHIBIEN, mit vorangehender Classification der SÄUGTHIERE und VÖGEL. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Zoologie. Munich, Stuttgart and Tübingen: J.G. Cotta. vi + 354 pp. + one plate. (Cnemidophorus, new genus, p. 154). (in German and Latin).
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