Diospyros revaughanii
| Diospyros revaughanii | |
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| Foliage of Diospyros revaughanii, at Monvert Nature Park | |
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| Species: | D. revaughanii
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| Diospyros revaughanii I.Richardson
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Diospyros revaughanii is a rare species of tree in the family Ebenaceae (ebony).
The tree is one of several species of ebony tree which are endemic to the island of Mauritius, in the western Indian Ocean.[1]
Description
A short, evergreen, shrubby tree, which reaches 4 meters in height. The large, thick leaves have a slightly rectangular shape. They are densely packed along the stems, and attach directly to the tree without any leaf stalks. This is the distinctive feature which can be used to distinguish this tree from the other ebony species of Mauritius. The grey bark is often covered in lichens and sometimes even orchids.
Like its relatives, it produces small, white, fragrant flowers and fleshy fruits.[2]
Distribution
This species is endemic to the island of Mauritius - occurring nowhere else in the world. It was formerly common across the island - especially in the sub-humid and wet forest areas. It is now restricted to only a few spots in the south west of Mauritius.
Due to its aesthetic appeal however, it is currently sometimes propagated in Mauritius, as an ornamental landscaping tree, for gardens and public spaces.[3]
Conservation
Like other species of ebony, this tree yields a dark black ebony wood. Consequently, it was severely exploited for wood and was decimated from much of its former range. It is now a threatened species and only survives in a few spots in the south-west of the island - around Bel Ombre, Mt Lion, and Perrier Nature Reserve - on exposed ridges and wet highland forest where it has escaped felling. The last patches of this tree's habitat are still threatened, and although it produces large amounts of fruit with fertile seed, these do not often germinate. The fruits were formerly eaten by the island's (now extinct) species of giant tortoise - and possible also by the dodo - which dispersed the seeds. The absence of these natural seed dispersers could be the reason for the poor seed germination in habitat today.[4]
Related species
This species is one of eleven surviving species of ebony tree which naturally occur on Mauritius - all of them endemic. Several additional species are now extinct.
- Diospyros angulata Poir. (extinct 2000)
- Diospyros boutoniana
- Diospyros chrysophyllos
- Diospyros egrettarum, of the dry and coastal forests, has white bark and dark rectangular leaves.
- Diospyros hemiteles
- Diospyros leucomelas
- Diospyros melanida, of the dry forests, has small, pale leaves and pale grey bark.
- Diospyros neraudii
- Diospyros nodosa
- Diospyros pterocalyx
- Diospyros revaughanii
- Diospyros tessellaria - the most famous species - is a massive canopy tree. It has a black, buttressed trunk spotted with white lichen, and thin, tapering leaves.
See also
References
- ^ a b "Diospyros revaughanii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998. IUCN: e.T30540A9561573. 1998. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|authors=ignored (help) - ^ "Diospyros revaughanii". Endemics in Mondrain.
- ^ J. Bosser, T. Cadet, H. Julien and J Marais: Flore des Mascareignes. The Sugar Research Institute, Mauritius, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1976.
- ^ Strahm, W.A: The conservation and restoration of the flora of Mauritius and Rodrigues. Reading University, UK. 1993.