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Irving P. Herman
Born1951 (age 72–73)
CitizenshipUnited States of America
Known forLaser isotope separation

Optical diagnostics of thin films Assembly of nanocrystals

2D Materials
Scientific career
InstitutionsColumbia University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Academic advisorsAli Javan
Websitewww.irvingpherman.com/

Irving Philip Herman (born 1951) is an American physicist and the Edwin Howard Armstrong Professor of Applied Physics at Columbia University. He is an elected Fellow of the American Physical Society and of Optica, the former for "distinguished accomplishments in laser physics, notably the development and application of laser techniques to probe and control materials processing".[1]

Education and career

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Herman studied at MIT, earning a bachelor's degree in 1972 in physics. He received his doctorate in 1977 at MIT in physics and was a Fannie and John Hertz doctoral fellow. From 1977 to 1986 he was at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, where he was a section leader. He has been at Columbia University since 1986, where he is now Edwin Howard Armstrong Professor of Applied Physics.[2][3] He was department chair of the Columbia University Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics for nine years, and director of the Columbia University National Science Foundation (NSF) Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) for 12 years and of the NSF Optics and Quantum Electronics Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) program for five years. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society and the Optical Society of America (now Optica).[2][3]

Research

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Herman has advanced several fundamental aspects and applications of laser interactions with matter, optical diagnostics of thin film processing, including by real-time monitoring, and nanoscience, along with cited (excellent) collaborators. These and his related studies have improved understanding and control of the assembly and processing of materials for semiconductor and optical devices, and the properties of these thin films, nanomaterials and nanocomponents, such as colloidal nanocrystals. This includes advancing understanding the properties of nanomaterials,[4][5][6][7] and the processing, assembly, and properties of nanocrystals,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] ultrathin van der Waals layers,[18] and hybrids of them.[19] More specifically, he used Raman scattering to analyze the phonon confinement and defects of ceria nanoparticles,[5] which have important catalytic applications, and used optical methods to determine the structure of light-emitting porous silicon[6] and of porous SiC.[7] He fabricated large supercrystals containing over a million ordered nanocrystals at spatially-selective regions on a surface by using a microfluidics technique,[8] showed how ordered monolayers of nanocrystals on surfaces form in real-time by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),[9][10] and assembled spatially patterned thick, smooth and conformal nanocrystal films by using spatially patterned DC electric fields (electrophoretic deposition),[11][12][13][14][15] and demonstrated how film assembly and film mechanical and optical properties are guided by the coverage of the nanocrystals by ligands;[13][14][15][16][17] He also used AC field gradients to precisely place carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at electrodes (dielectrophoretic deposition).[20]

He advanced laser-assisted deposition and processing, and the real-time optical diagnostics of thin film processing, including that of surfaces during plasma etching by using laser thermal desorption of surface adsorbates, then detected by plasma-induced emission (PIE) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF)[21][22] and by combined or independent use real-time Raman microprobe scattering, direct laser writing and laser heating.[23][24][25] The theme of many of these and his related studies are advanced semiconductor nanomaterials and heterostructures under unusual conditions, such as at high temperature, as caused by either laser heating[23][24][25] or heating in ovens,[18][26] or high or uncertain degrees of strain and strain,[13][27] which might lead to fracture,[11][12] as a result of laser heating, electrophoretic deposition,[13][14][15] film adhesion during fabrication,[27] or applied hydrostatic pressure.[16][27][28] His studies of semiconductor and nanomaterial structures at high pressure used optical diagnostics to probe changes in epilayer strain and nanocrystal interactions in films.[16][27][28] Earlier, he achieved ultrahigh single-step selectivity in the laser isotope separation of deuterium and tritium, to help the production and cleaning of heavy water for fission reactors.[29][30] Even earlier, he was part of the team that first observed Dicke superradiance.[31]

Herman has written three books ''Optical Diagnostics for Thin Film Processing'' is a comprehensive monograph.[32] ''Physics of the Human Body''[33] is a text book on the physics and math of human physiology aimed for undergraduate, deriving from a class he developed for first-year undergraduates.''Coming Home to Math: Become Comfortable With The Numbers That Rule Your Life''[34] is a semi-popular book designed to make adults more at ease using math and quantitative thinking. He developed a series of interactive graduate-level seminars on Research and Professional Ethics,[3][35] along with a set of ethics mini-case scenarios based on these seminars.[3][36]

References

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  1. ^ "APS Fellows Archive". American Physical Society. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Irving P. Herman". Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics. 2017-06-07. Retrieved 2022-03-19.
  3. ^ a b c d "The Herman Group - Nanomaterials Physics & Laser Spectroscopy". www.columbia.edu. Retrieved 2022-03-19.
  4. ^ Spanier, Jonathan E.; Robinson, Richard D.; Zhang, Feng; Chan, Siu-Wai; Herman, Irving P. (2001-11-29). "Size-dependent properties of CeO 2 − y nanoparticles as studied by Raman scattering". Physical Review B. 64 (24): 245407. Bibcode:2001PhRvB..64x5407S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.64.245407. ISSN 0163-1829.
  5. ^ a b Lee, Youjin; He, Guanghui; Akey, Austin J.; Si, Rui; Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, Maria; Herman, Irving P. (2011-08-24). "Raman Analysis of Mode Softening in Nanoparticle CeO2−δ and Au-CeO2−δ during CO Oxidation". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 133 (33): 12952–12955. doi:10.1021/ja204479j. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 21780802.
  6. ^ a b Sui, Zhifeng; Leong, Patrick P.; Herman, Irving P.; Higashi, Gregg S.; Temkin, Henryk (1992-04-27). "Raman analysis of light-emitting porous silicon". Applied Physics Letters. 60 (17): 2086–2088. Bibcode:1992ApPhL..60.2086S. doi:10.1063/1.107097. ISSN 0003-6951.
  7. ^ a b Spanier, Jonathan E.; Herman, Irving P. (2000-04-15). "Use of hybrid phenomenological and statistical effective-medium theories of dielectric functions to model the infrared reflectance of porous SiC films". Physical Review B. 61 (15): 10437–10450. Bibcode:2000PhRvB..6110437S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.61.10437.
  8. ^ a b Akey, Austin; Lu, Chenguang; Yang, Lin; Herman, Irving P. (2010-04-14). "Formation of Thick, Large-Area Nanoparticle Superlattices in Lithographically Defined Geometries". Nano Letters. 10 (4): 1517–1521. Bibcode:2010NanoL..10.1517A. doi:10.1021/nl100129t. ISSN 1530-6984. PMID 20356099.
  9. ^ a b Lu, Chenguang; Akey, Austin J.; Dahlman, Clayton J.; Zhang, Datong; Herman, Irving P. (2012-11-14). "Resolving the Growth of 3D Colloidal Nanoparticle Superlattices by Real-Time Small-Angle X-ray Scattering". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 134 (45): 18732–18738. doi:10.1021/ja307848h. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 23034055.
  10. ^ a b Hu, Jiayang; Spotte-Smith, Evan W. C.; Pan, Brady; Garcia, Roy J.; Colosqui, Carlos; Herman, Irving P. (2020-10-29). "Spatiotemporal Study of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Monolayer Formation at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces by Using In Situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering". The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 124 (43): 23949–23963. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c07024. ISSN 1932-7447. S2CID 224925482.
  11. ^ a b c Islam, Mohammad A.; Herman, Irving P. (2002-05-20). "Electrodeposition of patterned CdSe nanocrystal films using thermally charged nanocrystals". Applied Physics Letters. 80 (20): 3823–3825. Bibcode:2002ApPhL..80.3823I. doi:10.1063/1.1480878. ISSN 0003-6951.
  12. ^ a b c Islam, Mohammad A.; Xia, Yuqi; Telesca, Donald A.; Steigerwald, Michael L.; Herman, Irving P. (2004-01-01). "Controlled Electrophoretic Deposition of Smooth and Robust Films of CdSe Nanocrystals". Chemistry of Materials. 16 (1): 49–54. doi:10.1021/cm0304243. ISSN 0897-4756.
  13. ^ a b c d e Lee, Dongyun; Jia, Shengguo; Banerjee, Sarbajit; Bevk, Joze; Herman, Irving P.; Kysar, Jeffrey W. (2007-01-09). "Viscoplastic and Granular Behavior in Films of Colloidal Nanocrystals". Physical Review Letters. 98 (2): 026103. Bibcode:2007PhRvL..98b6103L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.026103. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 17358622.
  14. ^ a b c d Banerjee, Sarbajit; Jia, Shengguo; Kim, Dae I.; Robinson, Richard D.; Kysar, Jeffrey W.; Bevk, Joze; Herman, Irving P. (2006-02-01). "Raman Microprobe Analysis of Elastic Strain and Fracture in Electrophoretically Deposited CdSe Nanocrystal Films". Nano Letters. 6 (2): 175–180. Bibcode:2006NanoL...6..175B. doi:10.1021/nl051921g. ISSN 1530-6984. PMID 16464030.
  15. ^ a b c d Jia, Shengguo; Banerjee, Sarbajit; Lee, Dongyun; Bevk, Joze; Kysar, Jeffrey W.; Herman, Irving P. (2009-05-15). "Fracture in electrophoretically deposited CdSe nanocrystal films". Journal of Applied Physics. 105 (10): 103513–103513–9. Bibcode:2009JAP...105j3513J. doi:10.1063/1.3118630. ISSN 0021-8979.
  16. ^ a b c d Kim, Bosang S.; Islam, Mohammad A.; Brus, Louis E.; Herman, Irving P. (2001-06-15). "Interdot interactions and band gap changes in CdSe nanocrystal arrays at elevated pressure". Journal of Applied Physics. 89 (12): 8127–8140. Bibcode:2001JAP....89.8127K. doi:10.1063/1.1369405. ISSN 0021-8979.
  17. ^ a b Wang, Wei; Banerjee, Sarbajit; Jia, Shengguo; Steigerwald, Michael L.; Herman, Irving P. (2007-05-01). "Ligand Control of Growth, Morphology, and Capping Structure of Colloidal CdSe Nanorods". Chemistry of Materials. 19 (10): 2573–2580. doi:10.1021/cm0705791. ISSN 0897-4756.
  18. ^ a b Hua, Xiang; Axenie, Theodor; Goldaraz, Mateo Navarro; Kang, Kyungnam; Yang, Eui-Hyeok; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Hone, James; Kim, Bumho; Herman, Irving P. (2022-01-12). "Improving the Optical Quality of MoSe 2 and WS 2 Monolayers with Complete h -BN Encapsulation by High-Temperature Annealing". ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 14 (1): 2255–2262. doi:10.1021/acsami.1c18991. ISSN 1944-8244. PMID 34969239. S2CID 245593583.
  19. ^ Lu, Chenguang; Zhang, Datong; Zande, Arend van der; Kim, Philip; Herman, Irving P. (2014). "Electronic transport in nanoparticle monolayers sandwiched between graphene electrodes". Nanoscale. 6 (23): 14158–14162. Bibcode:2014Nanos...614158L. doi:10.1039/C4NR04875J. ISSN 2040-3364. PMID 25319544.
  20. ^ Banerjee, Sarbajit; White, Brian E.; Huang, Limin; Rego, Blake J.; O’Brien, Stephen; Herman, Irving P. (2006). "Precise positioning of single-walled carbon nanotubes by ac dielectrophoresis". Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures. 24 (6): 3173. Bibcode:2006JVSTB..24.3173B. doi:10.1116/1.2387155.
  21. ^ Herman, I. P.; Donnelly, V. M.; Guinn, K. V.; Cheng, C. C. (1994-04-25). "Laser-induced thermal desorption as an in situ surface probe during plasma processing". Physical Review Letters. 72 (17): 2801–2804. Bibcode:1994PhRvL..72.2801H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.2801. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 10055980. S2CID 10544869.
  22. ^ Cheng, C. C.; Guinn, K. V.; Donnelly, V. M.; Herman, I. P. (September 1994). "In situ pulsed laser-induced thermal desorption studies of the silicon chloride surface layer during silicon etching in high density plasmas of Cl 2 and Cl 2 /O 2 mixtures". Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. 12 (5): 2630–2640. Bibcode:1994JVSTA..12.2630C. doi:10.1116/1.579082. ISSN 0734-2101.
  23. ^ a b Magnotta, Frank; Herman, Irving P. (1986-01-13). "Raman microprobe analysis during the direct laser writing of silicon microstructures". Applied Physics Letters. 48 (2): 195–197. Bibcode:1986ApPhL..48..195M. doi:10.1063/1.96941. ISSN 0003-6951.
  24. ^ a b Pazionis, G.D.; Tang, H.; Herman, I.P. (May 1989). "Raman microprobe analysis of temperature profiles in CW laser heated silicon microstructures". IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics. 25 (5): 976–988. Bibcode:1989IJQE...25..976P. doi:10.1109/3.27988.
  25. ^ a b Tang, Hua; Herman, Irving P. (1991-01-15). "Raman microprobe scattering of solid silicon and germanium at the melting temperature". Physical Review B. 43 (3): 2299–2304. Bibcode:1991PhRvB..43.2299T. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.43.2299. ISSN 0163-1829. PMID 9997505.
  26. ^ Sui, Zhifeng; Herman, Irving P. (1993-12-15). "Effect of strain on phonons in Si, Ge, and Si/Ge heterostructures". Physical Review B. 48 (24): 17938–17953. Bibcode:1993PhRvB..4817938S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.48.17938. ISSN 0163-1829. PMID 10008430.
  27. ^ a b c d Tuchman, Judah A.; Kim, Sangsig; Sui, Zhifeng; Herman, Irving P. (1992-11-15). "Exciton photoluminescence in strained and unstrained ZnSe under hydrostatic pressure". Physical Review B. 46 (20): 13371–13378. Bibcode:1992PhRvB..4613371T. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.46.13371. ISSN 0163-1829. PMID 10003384.
  28. ^ a b Sui, Zhifeng; Burke, Hubert H.; Herman, Irving P. (1993-07-15). "Raman scattering in germanium-silicon alloys under hydrostatic pressure". Physical Review B. 48 (4): 2162–2168. Bibcode:1993PhRvB..48.2162S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.48.2162. ISSN 0163-1829. PMID 10008607.
  29. ^ Herman, Irving P.; Marling, Jack B. (January 1980). "Ultrahigh single-step deuterium enrichment in CO 2 laser photolysis of trifluoromethane as measured by carbon–isotope labeling". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 72 (1): 516–523. Bibcode:1980JChPh..72..516H. doi:10.1063/1.438936. ISSN 0021-9606.
  30. ^ Magnotta, Frank; Herman, Irving P. (September 1984). "Infrared laser multiple-photon dissociation of CTCl 3 : Wavelength dependence, collisional effects, and tritium/deuterium isotope selectivity". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 81 (5): 2363–2374. Bibcode:1984JChPh..81.2363M. doi:10.1063/1.447936. ISSN 0021-9606.
  31. ^ Skribanowitz, N.; Herman, I. P.; MacGillivray, J. C.; Feld, M. S. (1973-02-19). "Observation of Dicke Superradiance in Optically Pumped HF Gas". Physical Review Letters. 30 (8): 309–312. Bibcode:1973PhRvL..30..309S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.30.309. ISSN 0031-9007.
  32. ^ Herman, Irving P. (1996). Optical diagnostics for thin film processing. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-342070-9. OCLC 32508558.
  33. ^ Herman, Irving P. (2016). Physics of the human body (2nd ed.). Cham. ISBN 978-3-319-23932-3. OCLC 934454579.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  34. ^ Herman, Irving P. (2020). Coming home to math : become comfortable with the numbers that rule your life. New Jersey. ISBN 978-981-12-0984-0. OCLC 1111780713.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  35. ^ Herman, Irving P. (January 2007). "Following the law". Nature. 445 (7124): 228. doi:10.1038/nj7124-228a. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 17243210.
  36. ^ "Irving P. Herman's Personal Website | Personal musings, insights, and opinions". Retrieved 2022-03-19.
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