Euthymius the Great
Saint Euthymius the Great | |
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| Born | 377 Melitene, Lesser Armenia |
| Died | 20 January 473 |
| Venerated in | Eastern Orthodoxy Roman Catholicism |
| Feast | January 20 |
Saint Euthymius the Great (377 – 20 January 473) was an abbot in Palestine venerated in both Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches.
Life
Euthymius was born in Melitene in Lesser Armenia. According to Christian tradition, his parents had prayed for a son at the church of Saint Polyeuctus in Melitene.[1]
Euthymius was educated by Bishop Otreius of Melitene, who afterwards ordained him and placed him in charge of all the monasteries in the Diocese of Melitene. At about thirty years of age he secretly set out on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and remained for some time in a cave near a settlement of monks at a laura called Pharan, about six miles east of Jerusalem.[2][3]
In 411, Euthymius withdrew into the wilderness with a fellow-hermit, Saint Theoctistus, living in a rough cavern on the banks of a torrent. When many disciples gathered around them, they turned the cavern into a church and built a monastery which was placed in the charge of St. Theoctistus.[3] Euthymius, despite retaining his solitary lifestyle, gave direction for the others.[2]
A miraculous cure which Euthymius was believed to have effected for Terebon, the son of the Saracen chief Aspebetus, spread the fame of the holy hermit far beyond the confines of Palestine. Aspebetus was afterwards ordained priest and became bishop over his tribe, in which capacity he attended the Council of Ephesus in 431.
When the report of this miracle had made the name of Euthymius famous throughout Palestine, and large crowds came to visit him in his solitude, he retreated with his disciple Domitian to the wilderness of Ruba, near the Dead Sea, living for some time on a remote mountain called Marda,[4] whence he afterwards withdrew to the desert of Zipho (the ancient Engaddi).
When large crowds followed him to this place also, he returned to the neighbourhood of the monastery of Theoctistus, where he took up his abode in a cavern. Every Sunday he came to the monastery to take part in the divine services. At length, because numerous disciples desired him as their spiritual guide, he founded in 420, on the right side of the road from Jerusalem to Jericho, a laura similar to that of Pharan (Khan Al-ahmar). The church connected with this laura was dedicated in 428 by Juvenal, the first Patriarch of Jerusalem.
When the Fourth Œcumenical Synod (451) condemned the errors of Eutyches and Dioscorus, it was greatly due to the authority of Euthymius that most of the Eastern recluses accepted its decrees. The Empress Eudoxia was converted to Catholic orthodoxy through his efforts.
Veneration
The Church celebrates his feast on 20 January (2 February for the Orthodox church[5]), the day of his death.
See also
References
- ^ Lives of all saints commemorated on January 9
- ^ a b Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN 0-14-051312-4.
- ^ a b Ott, Michael. "St. Euthymius." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 21 Jan. 2013
- ^ Euthymius and his monastery in the Judean Desert Hirschfeld, Yizhar. Israel Antiquities Authority
- ^ ru:Евфимий Великий
External links
- St Euthymius the Great Orthodox Icon and Synaxarion (January 20)
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
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