# Expected transmission count

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The ETX metric, or expected transmission count, is a measure of the quality of a path between two nodes in a wireless packet data network. It is used extensively in mesh networking algorithms.

## History

Douglas S.J. De Couto was the first to describe ETX in his 2004 doctoral dissertation at MIT.[1] Subsequently, it has been implemented in RoofNet/Meraki and OLSR mesh networking protocols, among others.

## Details

ETX is the number of expected transmissions of a packet necessary for it to be received without error at its destination. This number varies from one to infinity. An ETX of one indicates a perfect transmission medium, where an ETX of infinity represents a completely non-functional link. Note that ETX is an expected transmission count for a future event, as opposed to an actual count of a past event. It is hence a real number, and not an integer. For example, if it took 1898 transmissions to transfer 1024 packets without error, the ETX on the link is 1898/1024, or approximately 1.85. Due to varying characteristics of the transmission medium, the number may vary widely.

It is often useful to convert between ETX and the packet error probability ${\displaystyle e_{pt}}$:

${\displaystyle \mathrm {ETX} ={\frac {1}{1-e_{pt}}}}$

## References

1. ^ De Couto, Douglas S. J. "High-Throughput Routing for Multi-Hop Wireless Networks" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-09-10.