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Oxygen fluctuations in the earth's atmosphere estimated over the past 500+ million years. w:Geological eras: Camb. - w:Cambrian, Ord. - w:Ordovician, S. - w:Silurian, Dev. - w:Devonian, Carb. - w:Carboniferous, Pe. - w:Permian, Tri. - w:Triassic, Jur. - w:Jurassic, Cret. - w:Cretaceous, Cen. - w:Cenozoic

Accompanying evolutionary and geological events:

1. Radiation of animal phyla (w:Cambrian explosion)
2. First land plants
3. w:Ordovician–Silurian extinction events
4. Huge forests form on land, first land animals and seed plants
5. Coal formation, first conifers, insect and amphibian giantism
6. Low ocean levels, supercontinent w:Pangaea forms
7. w:Permian–Triassic extinction event
8. First primitive flowering plants and dinosaurs
9. w:Triassic–Jurassic extinction event
10. Age of dinosaurs
11. Radiation of flowering plants
12. w:Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
13. Radiation of mammals

(Created using Powerpoint, for sources also see:

• Paleos: The oxygen atmosphere
• Introduction to geochemical cycles)

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