Firebase Ross
| Firebase Ross | |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 15°40′16″N 108°13′19″E / 15.671°N 108.222°E |
| Type | Marines/Army |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1968 |
| In use | 1968-72 |
| Battles/wars |  Vietnam War |
| Garrison information | |
| Occupants | 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division 1st Marine Division |
Firebase Ross (also known as Hill 51) was a U.S. Marine Corps, Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) base located in the Quế Sơn Valley southwest of Hội An, Quảng Nam Province in central Vietnam.
History
The base was located in the Quế Sơn Valley along Route 535, approximately 27 km southwest of Hội An.[1]
In January 1968 the 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division had its headquarters at Ross. On the afternoon of 2 January, elements of the 12th Cavalry Regiment engaged a unit from the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) 2nd Division in a four-hour-long battle 5 km south of Ross resulting in 3 U.S. and 39 PAVN killed.[2] On the early morning of 3 January the PAVN attacked four U.S. firebases in the Quế Sơn Valley, launching ground attacks against Ross and Landing Zone Leslie, which were defeated by dawn for the loss of 18 U.S. and 331 PAVN killed.[2]: 100
In late June 1969 the 3rd Battalion 7th Marines moved by road to Ross. On 22 August two Marine companies were sent by road to assist the Army's 4th Battalion, 35th Infantry which was heavily engaged with elements of the PAVN 2nd Division in the Hiệp Đức District and became involved in a running battle lasting until 29 August.[3] On 9 December the 1st Battalion 7th Marines replaced the 3/7 Marines at Ross.[3]: 211
In the early morning of 6 January 1970 under the cover of monsoon rains the Vietcong 409th Battalion attacked Ross with mortars and sappers penetrating the wire. The attack was repulsed by 4am resulting in 13 Marines and 38 Vietcong killed.[4] In March the 2nd Battalion 7th Marines replaced the 1/7 Marines at Ross.[4]: 51 From April through June the PAVN and Vietcong carried out regular mortar and rocket attacks on Ross and Quế Sơn town. In September the 7th Marines began to withdraw from the Quế Sơn Valley as part of Operation Keystone Robin Alpha handing over control to the 5th Marine Regiment.[4]: 96–7
In January 1971 as part of the general drawdown of U.S. forces the 23rd Infantry Division took over the Marines tactical area of responsibility but made it clear they would not take over the Marine bases at Ross, Landing Zone Baldy or Firebase Ryder.[4]: 212 On 15 February 1971 the Marines turned over Ross to the ARVN 411th Regional Force Company.[4]: 220
On 18 August 1972 following an artillery barrage the PAVN 711th Division attacked and captured Ross, including 15-20 of the then secret TOW missiles among the abandoned equipment.[5] The ARVN 4th Regiment recaptured Ross on 9 September 1972.[4]
Other units stationed at Ross included:
- 3rd Battalion, 11th Marines[3]: 244
- 12th Marines[3]: 244
- 4th Battalion, 13th Marines[4]: 48
- 2nd battalion, 94th Artillery
Current use
The base is now the site of a park and PAVN victory monument.
References
- ^ Kelley, Michael (2002). Where we were in Vietnam. Hellgate Press. pp. 5–448. ISBN 978-1555716257.
- ^ a b Shulimson, Jack (1997). US Marines in Vietnam: 1968 The Defining Year. History and Museums Division Headquarters United States Marine Corps. pp. 99–100. ISBN 9781494285715.
- ^ a b c d Smith, Charles (1988). US Marines in Vietnam High Mobility and Standdown 1969. History and Museums Division Headquarters United States Marine Corps. pp. 205–8. ISBN 9781494287627.
- ^ a b c d e f g Cosmas, Graham (1986). US Marines in Vietnam Vietnamization and Redeployment. History and Museums Division Headquarters United States Marine Corps. pp. 48–50. ISBN 9781494287498. Cite error: The named reference "Cosmas" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ "U.S. confirms enemy captured secret missiles". Washington Post News Service. 22 August 1972. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps.