Gabriel Loire
Gabriel Loire (April 21, 1904 – December 25, 1996) was a French stained glass artist of the twentieth century whose extensive works, portraying various persons or historical scenes, appear in many venues around the world. He founded the Loire Studio in Chartres, France which continues to produce stained glass windows. Loire was a leader in the modern use of "slab glass" (French: dalle de verre), which is much thicker and stronger than the stained glass technique of the Middle Ages. The figures in his windows are mostly Impressionistic in style.[1]
Life
Loire was born in Pouancé, France, on April 21, 1904. After completing his schooling in Angers in 1926, he went to Charles Lorin stained glass workshop in Chartres, France. In 1946, he founded his own stained glass studio there, which continues under the direction of his son Jacques Loire and grandsons.[2]
He died on Christmas Day, December 25, 1996, shortly after finishing a design for a new window.[1]
Commissions
Loire often expressed the view, "La paix donne la joie" ("Peace gives joy") and particularly liked working with shades of blue, which he said represented to him the color of peace.[1] His stained glass artistry, blending modern and traditional elements, attained wide acceptance, as indicated by the considerable output of the Loire Studio displayed around the world.[1] In addition to more than 450 installations in France, Loire's works are found in Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, South Africa, Japan, Chile, Canada, Australia and the United States of America.
Post-War Work
Some of his important commissions were for churches rebuilt after destruction in World War II, in particular the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church (Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächtniskirche) in Berlin, Germany (1960) and the Church of St. Walberge, Xertigny, Lorraine, France (1951–1952). His greatest post-war work is in the Church of Saint Paul, Whiteinch, Glasgow (1960). It consists of 162 Square metres of curved window set in cement and embedded with chipped glass. The main panels depict the life of Saint Paul and are ably supported in the side altar by panels of the Virgin and the roof of the Baptismal font. He has other works in the Church of Our Lady of Perpetual Succor, Broomhill (1965). Though the technique here is not of chipped glas but more of painted glass. The significance of these works has been noted by the Scottish Government by listing the buildings with, "B" orders.
St. Andrew's Wesley Church
For St. Andrew's Wesley Church in Vancouver, Canada, Loire created three different commissions: in 1969, a set of six windows dedicated to women in the Bible; also in 1969, “The Great Commission”, based on Mark 16:15 “Go ye into the all the world”; and in 1981, a set of eight windows based on Romans 9:4–5.
Whatley Chapel
Other notable works include Loire's stained glass windows designed in 1962 for Whatley Chapel at Johnson & Wales University in Denver, CO, and in 1980 for Salisbury Cathedral in England, as well as in 1967 for Grace Cathedral, San Francisco. In 1958 he provided an extensive and "remarkable" scheme of dalle de verre glass for St Richard of Chichester Roman Catholic Church in Chichester, West Sussex.[3]
St Augustine's Chapel
Two large and striking windows were completed for St Augustine's Chapel in Cork, Ireland in about 1972. These windows measure 12.5 metres in height and about 2 metres wide; the glass is solid coloured, not stained, glass. This glass is approximately 26 millimetres thick and is described as "dalle-de-verre", flagstones of glass, set in concrete and forming an integral load-bearing part of the building. Please see thumbnails.
Thanks-Giving Square
In 1976 Loire completed the "Glory Window" for Thanks-Giving Square in Dallas, Texas. The window, which contains 73 panels of faceted glass, covers the spiral ceiling of non-denominational chapel to create one of the largest horizontally-mounted stained glass windows in the world. Lower panels feature varying shades of blue. As the spiral continues inwards and upwards the colors become warmer and brighter until reaching the center where 60 feet above the floor the panels give way to a circle of beaming yellow light. Taking its name from Psalm 19, Loire meant this progression "to express life with its difficulties, its forces, its joys, its torments, and its frightening aspects. Bit by bit, all of that gives way to an explosion of gold where the summit is reached." An image of the "Glory Window" was chosen for the official United Nations stamp in 2000 during the International Year of Thanksgiving. It was also featured in the 2011 Oscar-nominated film The Tree of Life.[4]
St. George's Cathedral
His celebrated Christ in Triumph over Darkness and Evil was dedicated in 1982 at St. George's Cathedral in Cape Town, South Africa, in memory of British war hero Earl Mountbatten of Burma, the last Viceroy of India.[5]
Christ Church in Hamilton, Massachusetts
Gabriel Loire created a suite of magnificent windows for Christ Church (Episcopal) in Hamilton, Massachusetts.
Gallery of Gabriel Loire's works
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Prisoners of conscience window in the Trinity Chapel of Salisbury Cathedral, UK (1980) -
Altar of the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church in Berlin, Germany (1960)
References
- ^ a b c d Margaret Ann Cox, "Loire Studio – a French Connection", Just Words, November, 2006.
- ^ Véronique and Xavier Debendère, Gabriel Loire, L’œuvre d’une vie. Paris: Somogy, 2005 (ISBN 978-2-85056-850-3).
- ^ "English Heritage Review of Diocesan Churches 2005 (Extract): St Richard of Chichester, Chichester" (PDF). English Heritage. 2005. Retrieved 4 March 2012.[permanent dead link]
- ^ http://www.thanksgiving.org/thanks-giving-square/visit/tour/
- ^ "The Great West Window of St. Georges Cathedral". St. Georges Cathedral. 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-06-25.
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