Gallitzin Tunnel

Gallitzin Tunnels

Conrail 6169 leads a westbound train through the west portal of the Gallitzin Tunnel in 1993. At right, the west portal of the Allegheny Tunnel.
Overview
Location	Gallitzin, Pennsylvania
Status	Gallitzin Tunnel out of service 1995; Allegheny Tunnel (two tracks) and New Portage Tunnel (one track) in service
Operation
Opened	Gallitzin Tunnel 1904, Allegheny Tunnel 1854, New Portage Tunnel 1855
Closed	Gallitzin Tunnel 1995, New Portage Tunnel 1857-1890
Owner	Norfolk Southern Railway
Operator	Norfolk Southern Railway
Technical
Track length	Gallitzin Tunnel 3,612 feet, Allegheny Tunnel 3,612 feet, New Portage Tunnel 1,620 feet
No. of tracks	Gallitzin Tunnel 0 (1 track 1904-1995), Allegheny Tunnel 2 (1 track 1904-1995), New Portage Tunnel 1 (2 tracks 1898-1971)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Highest elevation	Gallitzin and Allegheny Tunnels 2,167 feet (at west tunnel portals), New Portage Tunnel 2,198 feet (at AR tower west of west tunnel portal)

The Gallitzin Tunnels in Gallitzin, Pennsylvania, formed the Pennsylvania Railroad's passage through the Allegheny Mountains in western Pennsylvania. Their ownership has since passed to Penn Central Transportation Company, then to Conrail, and most recently to the Norfolk Southern Railway. Just east of the tunnels is the famous Horseshoe Curve.

The first tunnel, which is the middle of the three bores through the mountain, was built by the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) from 1851 to 1854. Originally named "Summit" Tunnel, it is 3,612 feet long at an elevation of 2,167 feet above mean sea level and is known today as the Allegheny Tunnel.

The second tunnel, the southernmost of the bores, was constructed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania from 1852 to 1855 as part of the New Portage Railroad (NPRR). In 1857, the PRR bought the New Portage Railroad from the Commonwealth, and appropriated the "Allegheny" name for its "Summit" tunnel. The PRR took the New Portage Tunnel out of service shortly thereafter. In the 1890s, it was expanded to two tracks and used as the primary route for eastbound traffic.

The third tunnel, the Gallitzin Tunnel, was begun in 1902 and opened in 1904 immediately to the north of the Allegheny Tunnel.

In the early 1990s, Conrail (with money from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania) enlarged the Allegheny and New Portage Tunnels to accommodate double-stack container on flatcar (COFC) trains. The New Portage Tunnel was opened for eastbound COFC traffic in 1993. The Allegheny Tunnel was enlarged from its original 1854 cross-section to contain two tracks for that could be used for double-stack traffic in either direction. The work was completed in September 1995, and the Gallitzin Tunnel (which was not enlarged) was taken out of service.

By the 2000s, Amtrak's Pennsylvanian trains traveled through the tunnel.

Gallitzin Tunnels Park & Museum

Near the closed tunnels sits the Gallitzin Tunnels Park & Museum, which has a restored 1942 Pennsylvania caboose whose interior is visible to visitors. The museum, which sits across the street, has exhibits about the area's railroad, industrial, social, and religious heritage; a gift shop, and a theater. The museum building also houses borough offices, a police station, a library, and an archival room.

See also

• List of tunnels documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania

External links

• Gallitzin Tunnels Park & Museum
• Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. PA-515, "Pennsylvania Railroad, Allegheny Tunnel"
• HAER No. PA-516, "Pennsylvania Railroad, Gallitzin Tunnel"
• 40.4815°N 78.5504°W / 40.4815; -78.5504 - Western portal of Allegheny and Gallitzin Tunnels
• 40.4792°N 78.5379°W / 40.4792; -78.5379 - Eastern portal of Allegheny and Gallitzin Tunnels
• 40.4773°N 78.5447°W / 40.4773; -78.5447 - Western portal of New Portage Tunnel
• 40.4780°N 78.5387°W / 40.4780; -78.5387 - Eastern portal of New Portage Tunnel