Graciano Ricalde Gamboa

Mauro Graciano Ricalde Gamboya (November 21, 1873 – November 9, 1942) was a notable Mexican mathematician.

Ricalde Gamboa was born in Hoctun, state of Yucatan, Mexico. Son of Don Ambrosio Ricalde Moguel and Isidra Gamboa and studied at Hocaba until 1885, the year he received a scholarship to the Normal School for teachers of the State in the city of Mérida. He graduated as a teacher at the age of 16 years, and because of his young age, was granted special permission by the State Congress.

He studied accounting and for several years was a professor of commercial arithmetic books and accounts at the School of Commerce of the city Mérida. For the purpose of continuing his education he studied civil engineering at the Institute for Literature of the state of Yucatan, under the wise leadership of Manuel Cepeda Sales. At that time, facing the danger of a collapse of one of the towers of the Cathedral of Yucatan, the authorities asked the teacher Sales Cepeda to assist in determining the weight of the church bell that had been ignored. The teacher passed the problem on to Ricalde Gamboa who did the calculations exactly. Since then he was appointed professor of rational arithmetic at the Institute where he studied. For various reasons he could no longer continue his desire to study engineering, but soon after, in 1902, he was appointed professor and later director of his own engineering school, a position he continued until 1905 when he resigned to devote himself to the studies of mathematics and became a correspondent for various specialized institutions abroad.

He assembled a large library of over 5000 titles and was a collaborator of the French academic journal L'Intermédiaire des Mathématiciens, published in Paris in the early twentieth century. He was also interested in astronomy. He worked on various research projects in the city of Mérida to his death in 1942 the victim of a throat infection.

Career

He achieved recognition for having calculated in 1910 the orbit dish of Halley's Comet. In 1923 he precisely calculated the eclipse sun that year, and became part of the Mexican Geodetic Commission who observed and studied in Champotón in the state of Campeche.

He discovered a method for solving the quintic equation by using elliptic functions. He was invited to work as a professor in several foreign schools, which he never accepted, preferring to remain in his homeland dedicating himself to his studies and to organize accounting systems of industrial enterprises seeking professional services

Awards

The municipal library of Hoctun is called Graciano Ricalde Gamboa after the "favorite son of the village". In the town of Ticopó, in the municipality of Acanceh, Yucatan, high school is named after the mathematician. In 2006, an award for Science and Mathematics was named in his honor.

(1873–1942) One of the problems that have troubled most the mathematicians of all times is the resolution of algebraic equations of all grades. Ricalde's greatest accomplishment is undoubtedly the resolution of the general equation of 5th degree grade by elliptic functions, a feat that is analyzed and evaluated in the second part of this biography in Enciclopedia Yucanense IV, 1944.

1901

He amazed the Scientist of the Intermediare Mathematicians of Paris, France with his solution to the Pell equation. Ricalde then accepted Professorship of the State College of Civil Engineering. In a moment of stillness and recollection, Graciano Ricalde remembers he was encouraged and led by Lic. and Eng. Capeda Manuel Sales, an eminent scientist Yucatan to begin his serious studies of actual mathematics.

1902

Graciano joined his wife and life partner who was then, then a professor Srita Normal, Carmen Manzañilla Camomile. They bore four children, three boys and one girl, Alfonso, Humberto, Enrique and Ofelia who studied under the direction of the father, and mathematics. Enrique, moved to New York City.

1910

Graciano would be the first to correctly prove by precise calculation that neither the arrival of Halley's Comet or its tail would hit the earth extinguishing life. This was a tremendous concern of its day. His rigorous studies were so serious that he compiled his formulas in a booklet that had great resonance in the National Observatory of Paris.

1923

Don Graciano accurately calculated the total eclipse of the sun of that year and joined the Mexican Commission Geodescica happened to observe at Champoton in the state of Campeche, for being there this total eclipse, in which the capital of the republic was seen as partial. But his greatest accomplishment is undoubtedly the resolution of the general equation of 5th degree grade by elliptic functions, a feat that is analyzed and evaluated in the second part of this biography.

November 9, 1942

Graciano died in Mérida in the grand family home.

January 18, 1943

The National Academy of Sciences, Antonio Alzaate organized a mathematical exposition of the merits of Graciano Ricalde during the evening in the Palacio de Bellas Artes of Mexico City. The band played and speakers including Dr. Ruben Moreno Ricalde spoke that evening as chronicled and published in the Daily News.

1959

A plaque was placed on the house where he was born in the little town of Hoctun. The Hoctun municipal library is called Ricalde Graciano Gamboa “in honor of the beloved son of the village”. In the town of Ticopo, Yucatan, the high school is named after the mathematician. There is a second school, I believe it is in Hocaba.

References

This article depends heavily on the Spanish article es:Graciano Ricalde Gamboa