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Ibrahim Cissé (academic)

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Ibrahim I. Cissé
Born
Niamey
Alma materNorth Carolina Central University
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
Known forsuper-resolution imaging
Scientific career
InstitutionsMIT
École normale supérieure
WebsiteCissé Laboratory

Ibrahim I. Cissé is an Nigerien-American biophysicist and Assistant Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He works on live cell super-resolution imaging and single molecule characterisation.

Early life and education

Cissé was born in Niamey, Niger. As a child he assumed that he would work in his father's law firm.[1] He became interested in science through Hollywood films.[2] In Niamey there were few opportunities to practise science as his school did not have a laboratory.[1] He was keen to move to America to study, and completed high school two years early.[2] He moved to the United States at the age of 17 to attend college.[1] Cissé studied physics at the North Carolina Central University and graduated in 2004.[1] During his undergraduate degree he was encouraged by Carl Wieman to apply for a fellowship, and spent a summer at Princeton University working in condensed matter physics. During this summer project he looked at jammed disordered packings, investigating how M&M's arrange in a small volume with Paul Chaikin.[3] Cissé used various techniques to study jammed packings, including magnetic resonance imaging, but in the end used a much simpler approach - painting M&M's and analysing how many times they knocked into each other. The result was published in Science. He moved to Urbana for his graduate studies, and earned his PhD under the supervision of single molecule biophysicist Taekjip Ha at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 2009.[4] After completing his doctorate, Cissé joined the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. He worked as a Pierre Gilles de Gennes Fellow in the joint labs of a physicist, Maxime Dahan, and a biologist, Xavier Darzacq. He also held a long-term fellowship with the European Molecular Biology Organization.[5] In Paris, Cissé developed the single-cell microscopy technique time-correlated photoactivated localization microscopy (tcPALM), allowing for time resolved measurements in vitro. Cissé used transient-PALM to demonstrated that RNA polymerase II forms clusters that deconstruct after their work is done.[6] Until Cissé made this discovery it was assumed that RNA polymerases were stable.[1]

Research and career

Cissé moved back to America in 2013 and was appointed as a research specialist at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He worked in the Janelia Research Campus.[4][7] Cissé was appointed to the physics department at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2014. He uses super-resolution microscopy to understand how genes are turned on and off. Gene activation involves that transcription of DNA information into molecules of RNA.[8] This transcription involves the enzyme RNA polymerase.[8]

Cissé used transient-PALM to demonstrate that the lifetime of a RNA polymerase cluster impacts how many RNA messages are sent from a gene. He showed that clusters of almost 100 RNA polymerases form for around 10 seconds close to the sites of activating genes.[8] He has studied molecules of proteins in mouse embryonic stem cells.[1] To do this, Cissé tagged the proteins with fluorescent emitters and then studied them with the microscope.[9] His innovation demonstrated that the proteins involved in turning on genes join into a phase-separated droplet before they start to copy DNA into RNA.[9][10]

Awards and honours

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Saey, Tina Hesman (2018-11-08). "Ibrahim Cissé unlocks cells' secrets using physics". Science News. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
  2. ^ a b #<Author:0x00007f1024a4e738>. "From analyzing M&Ms to illuminating cells". The Tech. Retrieved 2019-04-20. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Chaikin, P. M.; Torquato, Salvatore; Connelly, Robert; Stillinger, Frank H.; Variano, Evan A.; Sachs, David; Cisse, Ibrahim; Donev, Aleksandar (2004-02-13). "Improving the Density of Jammed Disordered Packings Using Ellipsoids" (PDF). Science. 303 (5660): 990–993. doi:10.1126/science.1093010. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 14963324.
  4. ^ a b "Principal Investigator". The Cissé Laboratory @ MIT. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
  5. ^ "SISTEM® one-on-one with Dr. Ibrahim I. Cisse, Assistant Professor of Physics at MIT". www.istg-africatomorrow.com. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
  6. ^ Darzacq, Xavier; Dahan, Maxime; Hajj, Bassam; Dugast-Darzacq, Claire; Muresan, Leila; Senecal, Adrien; Boudarene, Lydia; Causse, Sebastien Z.; Izeddin, Ignacio (2013-08-09). "Real-Time Dynamics of RNA Polymerase II Clustering in Live Human Cells". Science. 341 (6146): 664–667. doi:10.1126/science.1239053. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 23828889.
  7. ^ ghuber (2017-05-24). "Ibrahim I. Cissé (Massachuetts Institute of Technology)". molbio.princeton.edu. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
  8. ^ a b c "Research". The Cissé Laboratory @ MIT. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
  9. ^ a b Saey, Tina Hesman (2018-07-11). "It may take a village (of proteins) to turn on genes". Science News. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
  10. ^ Young, Richard A.; Chakraborty, Arup K.; Sharp, Phillip A.; Roeder, Robert G.; Cisse, Ibrahim I.; Lee, Tong Ihn; Hnisz, Denes; Malik, Sohail; Vasile, Eliza (2018-07-27). "Coactivator condensation at super-enhancers links phase separation and gene control". Science. 361 (6400): eaar3958. doi:10.1126/science.aar3958. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 6092193. PMID 29930091.
  11. ^ Staff, Science News (2018-11-05). "The SN 10: These scientists defy limits to tackle big problems". Science News. Retrieved 2019-04-29.
  12. ^ "HORIBA Scientific Presents Young Fluorescence Investigator Award at Biophysical Show - HORIBA". www.horiba.com. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
  13. ^ "Ibrahim Cissé, Ph.D." pew.org. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
  14. ^ "Cissé receives $2.34 million New Innovator Award from the National Institutes of Health". MIT News. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
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