Inaccessible Island rail
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| Inaccessible Island rail | |
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| Genus: | Atlantisia Lowe, 1923
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| Species: | A. rogersi
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| Binomial name | |
| Atlantisia rogersi Lowe, 1923
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The Inaccessible Island rail (Atlantisia rogersi) is a small bird of the rail family, Rallidae. It is the only species in its genus. It is found only on Inaccessible Island in the Tristan Archipelago, and is notable for being the smallest extant flightless bird in the world. Unlike many other islands, Inaccessible Island has remained free from introduced predators, allowing this species to flourish while many other flightless birds, including the even smaller Stephens Island wren, have perished.
Description
The rail has an average weight of 30 g (1.1 oz) and a length of 17 cm (6.7 in). It is dark rusty-brown above and dark grey below, with a short black bill and a red eye.
This rail is found throughout Inaccessible Island, but prefers grassland and open fern-bush. Its diet includes earthworms, moths, berries, and seeds.
A clutch of two eggs is laid between October and January; chicks are vulnerable to predation by the Tristan thrush.
The Ascension crake (Mundia elpenor) which disappeared some time before 1700 but was briefly mentioned and described by traveller and hobby naturalist Peter Mundy in 1656[citation needed] and Aphanocrex podarces, the Saint Helena swamphen which disappeared before 1600 and has never been encountered by scientists were once considered congeners of A. rogersi. As they are considered to have evolved independently (with A. podarces probably not even being closely related), they have each been moved to a separate genus[citation needed]. Both species became extinct due to predation by introduced species, mainly cats and rats.
Threats
This species is rated as Vulnerable by the IUCN Red List, due to its small range. While it remains common within that range, if an invasive species were to come in to Inaccessible Island, it could wipe out these birds entirely.
References
External links
- BirdLife species factsheet for Atlantisia rogersi
- Inaccessible Island rail stamps from Tristan da Cunha at bird-stamps.org
- "Atlantisia rogersi". Avibase.
- "Inaccessible Island rail media". Internet Bird Collection.
- Interactive range map of Atlantisia rogersi at IUCN Red List maps
- Audio recordings of Inaccessible Island rail on Xeno-canto.
- Template:Http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22692556/0
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