James Cook Ayer
James Cook Ayer (5 May 1818 in Groton, Connecticut – 3 July 1878 in Winchendon, Massachusetts) was the wealthiest patent medicine businessman of his day.[1] Dr. Ayer was also brother of wealthy industrialist Frederick Ayer.
Biography
At the age of 13, he moved to Lowell, Massachusetts, and resided there with his uncle. His education was obtained at the public schools, where at one time he was a classmate of Gen. Butler, and subsequently at the Westford Academy, after which he was apprenticed to James C. Robbins, a druggist in Lowell. While there he studied medicine, and later he graduated from the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania.[2]
Ayer never practised medicine, but devoted his principal attention to pharmaceutical chemistry and the compounding of medicines. His success in this line was very great, and soon led him to establish a factory in Lowell for the manufacture of his medicinal preparations, which became one of the largest of its kind in the world, and was magnificently equipped. He accumulated a fortune estimated at $20,000,000.[2]
Much of his success was due to his advertising, on which he spent $140,000 a year, and he annually published an almanac, distributing 5,000,000 copies each year.[3] Editions in English, French, German, Portuguese, and Spanish, were regularly issued. In 1874 he accepted the Republican nomination for the United States Congress in the 7th Massachusetts District, but was defeated.[2]
In addition to his patent medicine business, Dr. Ayer was involved in textile production in Lowell, Massachusetts with his brother. He died in an insane asylum on July 3, 1878 and is interred at Lowell Cemetery.[1] His son, Frederick Fanning Ayer, born 1851, became a lawyer and philanthropist, and was director or stockholder of many corporations.[4]
The town of Ayer, Mass., was named after him.[3]
References
- ^ a b "Obituary". The New York Times. July 4, 1878. Retrieved 2008-12-20.
- ^ a b c One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
- ^ a b "James Cook Ayer, Sarsaparilla King of Lowell, Mass. - New England Historical Society". 2014-05-05. Retrieved 2016-08-17.
- ^ Short Bio on F.F. Ayer, 1914
External links
- Article about Dr Ayer
- Myths refuted about Dr. James Cook Ayer With more information about his products and life.
- Coburn, Frederick William (1920). History of Lowell And Its People, Volume 2. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company. pp. 16–22. Retrieved 2009-08-23.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help)
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Artists | |
| Other | |
- American manufacturing businesspeople
- Businesspeople from Massachusetts
- Ayer, Massachusetts
- 1818 births
- 1878 deaths
- People of the Industrial Revolution
- Patent medicine businesspeople
- People from Groton, Connecticut
- People from Lowell, Massachusetts
- University of Pennsylvania alumni
- Deaths in mental institutions