James MacLagan
James McLagan | |
|---|---|
| Born | 8 September 1728 Ballechin, Perthshire, Scotland |
| Died | 3 May 1805 Blair Atholl, Scotland |
| Occupation | Folklorist, minister |
| Language | Scottish Gaelic, English |
| Alma mater | University of St Andrews (no degree) |
| Spouse | Catherine Stuart |
The Rev. James MacLagan or McLagan (1728–1805) was a Church of Scotland minister and collector of Scottish Gaelic poetry and song.[1] He was the creator of the McLagan Manuscripts, a collection of some 250 manuscripts containing 630 items of primarily Gaelic song and poetry collected in the second half of the eighteenth century including many of the most well-known 17th- and 18th-century Gaelic poets such as Iain Lom, Màiri nighean Alasdair Ruaidh and Alasdair mac Mhaighstir Alasdair.
Life and career
McLagan was born in 1728 at the Ballechin estate near Strathtay, Perthshire.[1] A son of Donald McClagon, a farmer,[2] his birth (or baptism) is recorded in the parish of Moulin, Perthshire, on 8 September 1728.[1] In 1750, he matriculated at the University of St Andrews in the 1750/51 session. It is not know what he studied or when he left, but he is subsequently recorded as being ordained in the Church of Scotland by the presbytery of Dunkeld on 6 February 1760.[1][2] His first position as minister was at the chapel of ease in Amulree, Perthshire, between 1760-64.[2]
He left Perthshire in 1764 when he was appointed chaplain to the 42nd regiment, known as the Black Watch regiment, which had originally been raised at Aberfeldy, Perthshire. He succeeded Adam Ferguson, later professor of philosophy at the University of Edinburgh, in this post.[1] He continued as chaplain with the regiment until 1788 during which time he served in the Isle of Man, Ireland and in the United States where the regiment was involved in the American War of Independence.[1] The freedom of the city Glasgow was conferred on him 5 April 1776.[1]
He did not spend all of the time he was employed with the regiment in their company, as on the 7th of June 1784,[2] he married Catherine Stuart, daughter of the Rev. James Stuart, the minister of Killin who worked on the translation of the New Testament into Scottish Gaelic.[1] She was half her husband's age in 1784, and they had a family of four sons and three daughters.[1] Their eldest son, also James, was minister of Kinfauns, became professor of divinity at King's College, Aberdeen,[1] and authored Spiritual Views of the Divine Government (1831).[3]
After leaving the Black Watch in 1788, he became minister of Blair Atholl and Strowan, Perthshire, and stayed there until his death.[1] In the Statistical Accounts of Scotland of 1792, he authored the section covering the parish of Blair Atholl and Strowan in which he voiced warnings about the perceptible weakening of Gaelic in that area.[2]
McLagan died at Blair Atholl on 3 May 1805.[1]
Poetry
He composed poetry in Scottish Gaelic. published in Gillies collection and MacPhàrlain.
Poetry Collection and the 'McLagan Manuscripts'
The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography describes the manuscript collections by McLagan as his "great achievement".[1] The collection is currently housed in the University of Glasgow Library where it was donated 1910.[4]
The collection contains 250 manuscripts with some 630 separate items which were collected or transcribed by McLagan, mainly in Scottish Gaelic along with items in Middle Irish, English and Latin.[4] They are largely anonymous and ascribed verse, with a small number of prose items, sourced from many areas of Highland Scotland and also from Ireland and the Isle of Man. John Mackechnie’s Catalogue of Gaelic Manuscripts (1973) notes that there are at least 47 different hands represented in the collection.[4] In many instances these manuscripts contain the earliest, or the only, examples of particular poems or songs, and, in the view of Professor of Celtic Derick S. Thomson, they provide "a highly valuable source".[1]
McLagan began collecting the Ossianic ballads of Scottish Gaelic while still at school.[1] McLagan's material was drawn partly from indigenous Perthshire sources, including some manuscripts which are older than 1750. He also used his contacts, both ministerial and military, to acquire versions of poems and songs from other parts of Gaelic Scotland, such as Argyll with its islands, Ross-shire, Inverness-shire, Skye and the outer isles, and districts in Aberdeenshire and elsewhere that were still Gaelic-speaking in his time.[1] According to Derick S. Thomson, McLagan likely provided some material for John Gillies' Clan Feuds and Songs (1780), and he was closely involved with the same publisher's book of 1786, known generally as the Gillies Collection.
His contemporaries in poetry and song collection included Jerome Stone, Donald MacNicol, Joseph Macintyre from Glenorchy, Archibald MacArthur from Glenlyon, and John Stuart from Killin (McLagan's brother-in-law).[1]
Ossianic Ballads
In October of 1760, while McLagan was minister of Amulree, he was contacted by James Macpherson, the famous publisher of Fragments of Ancient Poetry collected in the Highlands of Scotland and subject of the Ossian Controversy.[5] The next year, Macpherson wrote to MacLagan twice to thank him for sending him on some poems.[6] In 1800 McLagan recalled that he had given Macpherson ‘about thirteen poems’.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r "McLagan, James (1728–1805)". www.oxforddnb.com. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
- ^ a b c d e Scott, Hew (1923). Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae: the succession of ministers in the Church of Scotland from the reformation Vol.4. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd. p. 144.
- ^ Scott, Hew (1923). Fasti ecclesiae scoticanae: the succession of ministers in the Church of Scotland from the reformation Vol. 4. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd. p. 216 – via https://archive.org/details/fastiecclesiaesc04scot.
{{cite book}}: External link in|via= - ^ a b c "McLagan Manuscripts". University of Glasgow Library. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
- ^ MacGregor, Patrick (1841). The Genuine Remains of Ossian, Literally Translated. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 7 – via Archive.org.
Mr Macpherson was at Ruthven in the latter period of October, as appears by his letter from that place to Rev. James MacLagan, then minister of Amulree, in which he requests that Mr MacLagan would do him the favour of transmitting to him his collection of ancient poems; and informs him that he intended visiting Mull and the coast of Argyle, to enlarge his own collection.
{{cite book}}: External link in|via= - ^ MacGregor, Patrick (1841). The Genuine Remains of Ossian, Literally Translated. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 7–8. – via Archive.org.
Soon after his arrival, he wrote Mr MacLagan, acknowledging the receipt of some Gaelic poems, and desiring him to send any other pieces he could. (p.7, letter dated 16th January, 1761) He again writes to his reverend correspondent, thanking him for four additional poems, and adding, that he intended to publish by subscription, and that he was very much hurried. (p.8)
{{cite book}}: External link in|via=
Further reading
- Thomson, Derick S., ‘The McLagan MSS in Glasgow University Library’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, 58 (1992–4), 406–24
- J. Leyden, Journal of a tour in the highlands and western islands of Scotland, ed. T. Girton (1903)
- A. Cameron, Reliquiae celticae (1892)
- D. S. Thomson, ‘A catalogue and indexes of the Ossianic ballads in MacLagan MSS’, Scottish Gaelic Studies, 8/2 (1958), 177–224
- Donald Mackinnon: A descriptive catalogue of Gaelic manuscripts in the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh, and elsewhere in Scotland(Edinburgh: 1912), pp 302–310.
- D.S. Thomson: 'A catalogue and indexes of the Ossianic ballads in the McLagan MSS', Scottish Gaelic Studies, vol. 8 (1955-1958), pp 177–224.
- See also Anja Gunderloch, 2007, Catalogue of Gaelic Manuscripts in Glasgow University (links to PDF version of catalogue)
- Copies of Letters from James Macpherson to McLagan reproduced in Mackenzie; et al. (1805). Report on the Committee of the Highland Society of Scotland, appointed to inquire into the nature and authenticity of the poems of Ossian. Edinburgh: Printed at the University Press; for Archibald Constable & Co. pp. 153–6.
- John Mackechnie, 1973. Catalogue of Gaelic manuscripts in selected libraries in Great Britain and Ireland (Boston), vol. 1, pp. 412–452.
- Derick S. Thomson (2004), ‘McLagan, James (1728–1805)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, accessed 31 Oct 2016.