John Serson

John Serson (died 1744) was an English sea captain best known for his invention of a "whirling speculum".^[1] This was an early form of artificial horizon designed for marine navigation, consisting of a mirror, attached to a spinning top, that attempted to remain in a horizontal plane despite the movement of the ship. This device can be seen as a precursor to the gyroscope used in modern inertial navigation, although it was not itself a gyroscope.^[2]

Serson was lost at sea on HMS Victory in 1744.^[3]

References

^ Bedini SA, "History Corner: The Artificial Horizon", Professional Surveyor Magazine December 1999 Volume 19 Number 10 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-07-13. Retrieved 2007-06-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ Turner G, "History of Gyroscopes", gyroscopes.org [1] - account of first test of Serson's speculum
^ Wagner JF, "From Bohnenberger's Machine to Integrated Navigation Systems, 200 Years of Inertial Navigation", Photogrammetric Week 05, Wichmann Verlag, Heidelberg 2005 [2]

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[1] Bedini SA, "History Corner: The Artificial Horizon", Professional Surveyor Magazine December 1999 Volume 19 Number 10 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-07-13. Retrieved 2007-06-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[2] Turner G, "History of Gyroscopes", gyroscopes.org [1] - account of first test of Serson's speculum

[3] Wagner JF, "From Bohnenberger's Machine to Integrated Navigation Systems, 200 Years of Inertial Navigation", Photogrammetric Week 05, Wichmann Verlag, Heidelberg 2005 [2]

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References