Karen Demirchyan
Karen Demirchyan | |
|---|---|
| Կարեն Դեմիրճյան | |
 | |
| Speaker of the National Assembly | |
| In office 11 June – 27 October 1999 | |
| Preceded by | Khosrov Harutyunyan |
| Succeeded by | Armen Khachatryan |
| First secretary of the Armenian Communist Party | |
| In office 27 November 1974 – 21 May 1988 | |
| Preceded by | Anton Kochinyan |
| Succeeded by | Suren Harutyunyan |
| Full member of the 25th Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union | |
| In office 5 March 1976 – 1988 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 17 April 1932 Yerevan, Armenian SSR, Soviet Union |
| Died | October 27, 1999 (aged 67) Yerevan, Armenia |
| Resting place | Komitas Pantheon, Yerevan |
| Political party | Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1954-1988) People's Party (1998-99) |
| Children | Stepan Demirchyan |
| Signature |  |
Karen Demirchyan (Template:Lang-hy) (April 17, 1932 – October 27, 1999) was a Soviet and Armenian politician. He served as the First Secretary of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1974 to 1988. Soon after his reemergence into active politics in independent Armenia in the late 1990s, he became speaker of the Armenian parliament in 1999 until his assassination with other politicians in parliament in the Armenian parliament shooting.
Biography
Demirchyan had a difficult childhood. Both his parents died when he was still an infant. He decided on a career in engineering, and took up studies at the Yerevan Polytechnical Institute in 1949.[1] After graduating in 1954 he worked briefly for a research institute in Leningrad before returning to Armenia to join the Yerevan Electrotechnical Factory. A member of the Communist Party since 1954, he soon became secretary of the factory party committee.
His party career flourished and in 1959 was sent to Moscow to the Higher Party School, gaining his diploma in 1961, a prerequisite for higher party service.[1] He returned to work as chief engineer of the Yerevan Electrotechnical Factory and later director. In 1966 he became third secretary of the Yerevan party committee, joining the secretariat of the Armenian Central Committee in 1972.
Demirchyan was elected first secretary of the Armenian Communist Party in November 1974, effectively the boss of Soviet Armenia. Two years later he also became chairman of the Armenian Supreme Soviet. During his fourteen-year rule, Armenia was prosperous by Soviet standards, its economy helped by semi-legal and illegal businesses. However, Demirchyan failed to quell popular demonstrations in Armenia calling for Nagorno-Karabakh to be transferred to Armenian jurisdiction. He lost the support of the Moscow Kremlin leadership and was removed "on health grounds" in May 1988.[2]
After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 when Armenia regained its independence, Demirchyan became director of the Hayelectromekena electrical equipment plant, the biggest plant in Armenia. He kept out of politics and was a half-forgotten figure from the past, until his surprise reemergence into politics in 1998.
Although not a member of any political party, he contested the March 1998 presidential elections, managing to garner 30 per cent of the votes in the first round and 40 per cent in the second-round run-off against the eventual winner, Robert Kocharyan. He later formed the People's Party, teaming up with defense minister Vazgen Sargsyan to form the Miasnutyun (Unity) alliance to contest the May 1999 parliamentary elections.
The alliance won with 43 per cent of the vote and the majority of parliamentary seats. Demirchyan was overwhelmingly elected speaker in June 1999. Four months later, on October 27, he, Sargsyan and other senior politicians were assassinated in the Armenian Parliament.[3]
Karen Demirchyan is buried at Komitas Pantheon which is located in the city center of Yerevan. [4]
Personal life
Demirchyan was married with two sons, one of whom, Stepan Demirchyan, became a politician in Armenia after independence in 1991.
Legacy
A school, metro and a major concert complex are named after Karen Demirchyan in Yerevan. He was buried in a decorative tomb at the Komitas Pantheon, a cemetery in Yerevan where Armenia's most prominent artists and musicians have been buried.
A sort of apple, which was planted in the north-western outskirts of Yerevan under his guidance, was named after Demirchyan.[5]
Notes
- ^ a b Template:Hy icon Anon. «Դեմիրճյան, Կարեն Սերոբի» (Demirchyan, Karen Serobi). Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia. vol. iii. Yerevan, Armenian SSR: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1977, p. 341.
- ^ Masih, Joseph; Robert Krikorian (1999). Armenia: At the Crossroads. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers. pp. 9–10. ISBN 90-5702-344-X.
- ^ "Armenia's prime minister killed in parliament shooting." CNN. October 27, 1999. Retrieved October 10, 2009.
- ^ Demirchyan's memorial tombstone at Komitas Pantheon
- ^ Petrosian, Irina; Underwood, David (2006). Armenian Food: Fact, Fiction & Folklore. Bloomington, Ind.: Yerkir Pub. p. 140. ISBN 9781411698659.
See also
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Armenia (since 1991) |  | |
|---|---|---|
- Party leaders of the Soviet Union
- Assassinated Armenian politicians
- 1932 births
- 1999 deaths
- People from Yerevan
- Deaths by firearm in Armenia
- Speakers of the National Assembly (Armenia)
- National Hero of Armenia
- People murdered in Armenia
- Candidates for President of Armenia
- State Engineering University of Armenia alumni
- Communist Party of Armenia (Soviet Union) politicians
- People's Party of Armenia politicians
- Burials at the Komitas Pantheon