Koněprusy Caves
Koněprusy Caves (Template:Lang-cz) is a cave system in the heart of the limestone region known as Bohemian Karst, Czech Republic. It is located southwest of Prague, 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) south of Beroun in the Central Bohemian Region. The name derives from nearby village of Koněprusy. With the length of 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) and vertical range of 70 metres (230 ft), it is the largest cave system in Bohemia.[1]
The caves
A hill called Zlatý kůň (Golden Horse) rises above the village of Koněprusy close to another hill called Kobyla (Mare), and nearby is a place called V koníku (In a Little Horse). A short journey westward leads to Kotýz, a karst plateau. Many legends have been woven about Kotýz and one of them tells about sacred horses used by the Celts for campaigns of war. A prehistoric settlement existed here, which, in Celtic times, some experts believe might well have served as a place of cult worship; druids possibly maintained a cult of the horse here.
Golden Horse hill conceals the most extensive cave system in Bohemia, accidentally discovered after an explosion in a nearby limestone quarry in 1950 and subsequently were made accessible for the public in 1959.[2] Spanning two kilometers and three levels, the cave system inside the Zlatý kůň hill consists of passages and domed chambers interconnected by shafts developed in limestone of Devonian age. The caves were formed by a small stream at the end of the Tertiary period, as well as by the rainfall that seeped through cracks in the limestone. Rich dripstone formation was created by copious amounts of stalagmites and stalactites as well as by little sinter lakes. A tour leads the visitors through the upper and middle levels, presenting a chain of domed chambers, caves and passages with dark abysses between them. The most beautiful area is deemed by experts to be the extensive Prošek chamber with its sinter Jezírko lásky (Little lake of love). The caves also offers the spetacular "Koněprusy Roses", a sight that cannot be found anywhere else in the world. They were formed by calcium carbonate dissolved in water, which then gradually precipitated on the walls of the underground lake in the shape of bushes, the tips of which later fell away to create an unusual formation reminiscent of rose blooms.
Findings
In the earth filled parts of the caves paleontologists have excavated thousands of prehistoric animal bones from the Pleistocene period. Dating back 2000,000 to 3000,000 years, findings include the remains of the ancestors of the elephant mastodon, sabre-tooth tiger, monkey, cave bear, deer, reindeer, cave lion, woolly rhino, wolf, beaver, hyena and horse amongst others.[3]
The bone spliters of Neanderthal man aged about 13,000 years, stone tools and decorative objects from the early Stone Age provide evidence that prehistoric man also found refuge in the caves. A counterfeiter's workshop, since dubbed "the Mint", was discovered by pot holers on the upper level of the caves. Here from 1460-1470 unknown forgers made the Hussite coins bearing the symbol of the Czech lion. Instead of silver they used copper thinly covered with silver amalgam. The descended underground through a shaft near the top of the Golden Horse hill. It offers panoramic views in all directions; when the weather is fine about one-sixth of Bohemia is visible. The tour of the caves is 620 m long and lasts about one hour.
See also
References
- ^ Petr David, Vladimír Soukup, Lubomír Čech, Wonders of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, pg. 20-21, Euromedia Group (2004), ISBN 978-80-242-2455-8
- ^ "Koněprusy Caves". Cave Administration of the Czech Republic. Retrieved 8 September 2010.
- ^ Jiří Svoboda, Vojen Ložek, Emanuel Vlček, Hunters between East and West: the Paleolithic of Moravia, pg. 129, Springer (1996), ISBN 0-306-45250-2
External links
Media related to Koněpruské jeskyně at Wikimedia Commons- Koněprusy Caves Official Website Template:En icon
- Cave Administration of the Czech Republic Template:En icon
