View source for Leptopelis calcaratus

{{Short description|Species of amphibian}}
{{speciesbox
| image = Efulen Forest Treefrog (Leptopelis calcaratus) (7645726788).jpg
| status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group |date=2013 |title=''Leptopelis calcaratus'' |volume=2013 |page=e.T56250A18387924 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-2.RLTS.T56250A18387924.en |access-date=18 November 2021}}</ref>
| taxon = Leptopelis calcaratus
| authority = ([[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]], 1906)
| synonyms = ''Hylambates calcaratus'' <small>Boulenger, 1906</small><ref name=Boulenger/>
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=Frost/>
}}

'''''Leptopelis calcaratus''''' is a species of [[frog]] in the family [[Arthroleptidae]].<ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021" /><ref name=Frost/><ref name="African Amphibians"/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/> It is found in southeastern [[Nigeria]], [[Cameroon]], the southwestern [[Central African Republic]], [[Equatorial Guinea]] (including the island of [[Bioko]]), [[Gabon]], the [[Republic of the Congo]], and the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]].<ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021" /><ref name=Frost/> Common name '''Efulen forest treefrog''' has been coined for it (part of the [[type series]] originated from [[Efoulan|Efulan]]).<ref name=Frost/><ref name="African Amphibians"/>

==Taxonomy==
''Leptopelis calcaratus'' was [[species description|described]] by the Belgian-British zoologist [[George Albert Boulenger]] in 1906 based on a specimen collected from "[[Efoulan|Efulen]]" in Cameroon ([[holotype]]), with additional specimens from "Cape St. John and the [[Rio Benito]] District" in Equatorial Guinea; he had previously identified the latter as ''[[Leptopelis rufus]]''.<ref name=Boulenger/><ref name=Frost/> [[Subspecies]] ''Leptopelis calcaratus meridionalis'' from south of the [[Congo River]] was described by [[Raymond Laurent]] in 1973.<ref name=Frost/><ref name="African Amphibians"/>

==Description==
Adult males measure {{convert|35|-|42|mm|abbr=on}} and females {{convert|46|-|57|mm|abbr=on}} in snout–vent length. This species has a characteristic white spur on the heel. The [[Dorsum (anatomy)|dorsum]] is greyish with a dark, backward-pointing triangle on the head, and a broad dark dorsal band that is often split up into bars or lateral spots. There is also often a white spot under the eye. The [[canthus rostralis]] is angular. Webbing in the feet is extensive.<ref name="African Amphibians"/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/>

''L. c. meridionalis'' differs from the nominate subspecies by the spur on the heel being less developed, by having more extensive webbing, and by other small morphological differences.<ref name="African Amphibians"/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/>

==Habitat and conservation==
''Leptopelis calcaratus'' is an [[Arboreal locomotion|arboreal]] frog found in lowland and montane rainforests at elevations from near sea level to {{convert|1500|m|abbr=on}} [[above sea level]], possibly higher. It does not survive in secondary habitats. If similar to other species of ''Leptopelis'', it would lay eggs in a nest on the ground near water. It is a common species but its habitat is affected by [[habitat loss]] caused by [[agricultural expansion]], logging, and human settlements. It occurs in a number of protected areas, including the [[Korup National Park]] (Cameroon), [[Monte Alén National Park]] (Equatorial Guinea), and [[Dzanga-Ndoki National Park]] (Central African Republic).<ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021" />

==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="African Amphibians">{{cite web |url=http://africanamphibians.myspecies.info/taxonomy/term/1148 |title=''Leptopelis calcaratus'' (Boulenger, 1906) |author= |year= |work=African Amphibians |accessdate=10 November 2016}}</ref>

<ref name=AmphibiaWeb>{{cite web |url=http://www.amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Leptopelis&where-species=calcaratus|title=''Leptopelis calcaratus'' |year=2008 |work=AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application] |publisher=Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb |accessdate=10 November 2016}}</ref>

<ref name=Boulenger>{{cite journal |last1=Boulenger |first1=G. A. |year=1906 |title=Descriptions of new batrachians discovered by Mr. G.L. Bates in South Cameroon |journal=Annals and Magazine of Natural History |series=Series 7 |volume=17 |issue=99 |pages=317–323 |doi=10.1080/00222930608562529 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/59373 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111191811/http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/59373 |archivedate=2016-11-11 }}</ref>

<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/index.php//Amphibia/Anura/Arthroleptidae/Leptopelinae/Leptopelis/Leptopelis-calcaratus |title=''Leptopelis calcaratus'' (Boulenger, 1906) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2018 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |accessdate=20 May 2018}}</ref>
}}

{{Leptopelis}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1947233}}

[[Category:Leptopelis|calcaratus]]
[[Category:Frogs of Africa]]
[[Category:Amphibians of West Africa]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Cameroon]]
[[Category:Amphibians of the Central African Republic]]
[[Category:Amphibians of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Equatorial Guinea]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Gabon]]
[[Category:Fauna of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Amphibians of the Republic of the Congo]]
[[Category:Amphibians described in 1906]]
[[Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]