View source for List of cervids

{{short description|Species in mammal family Cervidae}}
[[File:Family Cervidae five species.jpg |thumb|right|Five cervid species (clockwise from top left): the [[red deer]] (''Cervus elaphus''), [[sika deer]] (''Cervus nippon''), [[barasingha]] (''Rucervus duvaucelii''), [[reindeer]] (''Rangifer tarandus''), [[white-tailed deer]] (''Odocoileus virginianus'')|alt=]]
[[Cervidae]] is a [[family (biology)|family]] of hoofed [[ruminant]] mammals in the [[order (biology)|order]] [[even-toed ungulate|Artiodactyla]]. A member of this family is called a deer or a cervid. They are widespread throughout North and South America, Europe, and Asia, and are found in a wide variety of [[biome]]s. Cervids range in size from the {{cvt|60|cm|adj=on}} long and {{cvt|32|cm|adj=on}} tall [[pudu|pudú]] to the {{cvt|3.4|m|1|adj=on}} long and {{cvt|3.4|m|1|adj=on}} tall [[moose]]. Most species do not have population estimates, though the [[roe deer]] has a population size of approximately 15 million, while several are considered endangered or critically endangered with populations as low as 200. One species, [[Père David's deer]], is extinct in the wild, and one, [[Schomburgk's deer]], went extinct in 1938.

The fifty-five species of Cervidae are split into nineteen [[genus|genera]] within two [[subfamily|subfamilies]]: [[Capreolinae]] (New World deer) and  [[Cervinae]] (Old World deer). Extinct species have also been placed into Capreolinae and Cervinae. More than one hundred extinct Cervidae species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.<ref name="PDBCervidae"/>

==Conventions==
{{IUCN statuses|ex=1|ew=1|cr=2|en=6|vu=16|nt=4|lc=16|dd=9|ne=0}}

Conservation status codes listed follow the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN) [[IUCN Red List|Red List of Threatened Species]]. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the cervid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a [[Dagger (typography)|dagger]] symbol "{{dagger|alt=Extinct}}".

==Classification==
The family Cervidae consists of 55 extant species belonging to 19 genera in 2 subfamilies and divided into dozens of extant subspecies.<!-- A monotypic species counts as 1 subspecies --> This does not include [[hybrid (biology)|hybrid species]] or extinct prehistoric species. Additionally, one species, [[Schomburgk's deer]], went extinct in 1938.<ref name="SchomburgkExtinct"/> The classification is based on the molecular phylogeny.<ref name="genus"/><ref name="Gilbert2006"/><ref name="samejima"/>

{{col-float|firstcol=25em}}
* Subfamily '''[[Capreolinae]]''' (New World deer)
**Tribe [[Alceini]]
*** Genus ''[[Alces]]'': one species
**Tribe [[Capreolini]]
*** Genus ''[[Capreolus]]'': two species
*** Genus ''[[Hydropotes]]'': one species
** Tribe [[Odocoileini]]
*** Genus ''[[Blastocerus]]'': one species
*** Genus ''[[Hippocamelus]]'': two species
*** Genus ''[[Brocket deer|Mazama]]'': nine species
*** Genus ''[[Odocoileus]]'': three species
*** Genus ''[[Ozotoceros]]'': one species
*** Genus ''[[Pudu]]'': two species
*** Genus ''[[Rangifer (genus)|Rangifer]]'': one species
* Subfamily '''[[Cervinae]]''' (Old World deer)
** Tribe [[Muntiacini]]
*** Genus ''[[Elaphodus]]'': one species
*** Genus ''[[Muntiacus]]'': twelve species
** Tribe [[Cervini]]
*** Genus ''[[Axis (genus)|Axis]]'': four species
*** Genus ''[[Cervus]]'': five species
*** Genus ''[[Dama (genus)|Dama]]'': two species
*** Genus ''[[Elaphurus]]'': one species
*** Genus ''[[Panolia]]'': one species
*** Genus ''[[Rucervus]]'': two species (one extinct)
*** Genus ''[[Rusa (genus)|Rusa]]'': four species
{{col-float-break}}
{{cladogram|clades={{Clade|style=width:30em;
|label1='''[[Cervidae]]'''&nbsp;&nbsp;
|1={{clade
 |label1=[[Cervinae]]&nbsp;&nbsp;
 |1={{clade|label1=[[Muntiacini]]|label2=[[Cervini]]
  |1={{clade
   |1=''[[Elaphodus]]''
   |2=''[[Muntiacus]]''
   }}
  |2={{clade
   |1={{clade
    |1=''[[Dama (genus)|Dama]]''
    |2={{clade
     |1={{clade
      |1=''[[Rusa (genus)|Rusa]]''
      |2=''[[Cervus]]''
      }}
     |2={{clade
      |1=''[[Elaphurus]]''
      |2=''[[Panolia]]''
      }}
     }}
    }}
   |2={{clade
    |1=''[[Rucervus]]''
    |2={{clade
     |1=''[[Axis (genus)|Axis]]''
     }}
    }}
   }}
  }}
 |label2=[[Capreolinae]]&nbsp;&nbsp;
 |2={{clade|label1=[[Odocoileini]]|label2=[[Capreolini]]|label3=[[Alceini]]
  |1={{clade
   |1=''[[Rangifer (genus)|Rangifer]]''
   |2={{clade
    |1={{clade
     |1=''[[Odocoileus]]''
     |2=''[[Brocket deer|Mazama]]''
     |3=''[[Blastocerus]]''
     |4=''[[Hippocamelus]]''
     |5=''[[Ozotoceros]]''
     |6=''[[Pudu]]''
    }}
    }}
   }}
  |2={{clade
    |1=''[[Capreolus]]''
    |2=''[[Hydropotes]]''
     }}
  |3=''[[Alces]]''
  }}
 }}
}}}}
{{col-float-end}}

==Cervids==
The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by ''[[Mammal Species of the World]]'' (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using [[molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenetic analysis]].<ref name=genus/><ref name="Gilbert2006"/><ref name="samejima"/> This includes merging the two [[moose]] species of ''Alces'' into one, splitting out the monotypic ''[[Panolia]]'' genus from ''[[Rucervus]]'', combining the monotypic subfamily [[Hydropotinae]] with [[Capreolinae]]. There are several additional proposals which are disputed, such as addition of the [[fair brocket]] to the ''[[Brocket deer|Mazama]]'' genus, which are not included here.<ref name="Rework1"/><ref name="Rework2"/>

===Subfamily Capreolinae===
{{Main article|Capreolinae}}
====Tribe Alceini====
{{Main article|Alceini}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Alces]] |authority-name=[[John Edward Gray|Gray]] |authority-year=1821 |species-count=one}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Moose]] |binomial=A. alces
|image=File:Moose superior.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Large dark brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] |authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Nine subspecies |bullets=on
| ''A. a. alces'' (European elk)
| ''A. a. americanus'' ([[Eastern moose]])
| ''A. a. andersoni'' ([[Western moose]])
| ''A. a. buturlini'' (Chukotka elk)
| ''A. a. caucasicus'' ([[Caucasian moose]]){{dagger|alt=Extinct}}
| ''A. a. cameloides'' (Ussuri elk)
| ''A. a. gigas'' ([[Alaskan moose]])
| ''A. a. pfizenmayeri'' (Yakutia elk)
| ''A. a. shirasi'' (Shiras' moose)
}}
|range=North America, Europe, and Asia |range-image=File:Moose distribution.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|230|–|340|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|8|–|12|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; up to {{convert|230|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWMoose"/>
|habitat=Forest and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNMoose"/>
|hunting=Vegetative parts of trees, as well as shrubs, herbs, and aquatic plants<ref name="IUCNMoose"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=2,000,000<ref name="IUCNMoose"/><ref name="MoosePopRussia"/>
|direction={{increase|Population increasing}}<ref name="IUCNMoose"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
====Tribe Capreolini====
{{Main article|Capreolini}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Capreolus]] |authority-name=[[John Edward Gray|Gray]] |authority-year=1821 |species-count=two}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Roe deer]] |binomial=C. capreolus
|image=File:Capreolus capreolus 2 Jojo.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Two brown cervids
|authority-name=[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] |authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on
| ''C. c. canus''
| ''C. c. capreolus''
| ''C. c. caucasicus''
| ''C. c. italicus''
}}
|range=Europe |range-image=File:Areale Capreolus capreolus.jpg |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|104|–|124|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|2|–|3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|66|–|84|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWRoedeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNRoedeer"/>
|hunting=Wide variety of plants<ref name="IUCNRoedeer"/><ref name="ADWRoedeer"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=15,000,000
|direction={{increase|Population increasing}}<ref name="IUCNRoedeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Siberian roe deer]] |binomial=C. pygargus
|image=File:Siberian roe deer.jpg |image-size=161px |image-alt=Reddish-brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]] |authority-year=1771 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on
| ''C. p. bedfordi''
| ''C. p. mantschuricus''
| ''C. p. ochraceus''
| ''C. p. pygargus''
}}
|range=Central and northeastern Asia |range-image= |range-image-size=
|size={{convert|95|–|140|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|20|–|40|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|65|–|95|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamChina347"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNSiberianroedeer"/>
|hunting=Grasses<ref name="IUCNSiberianroedeer"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNSiberianroedeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Hydropotes]] |authority-name=[[Robert Swinhoe|R. Swinhoe]] |authority-year=1870 |species-count=one}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Water deer]] |binomial=H. inermis
|image=File:Hydropotes inermis male.JPG |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Robert Swinhoe|Swinhoe]] |authority-year=1870
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Two subspecies |bullets=on
| ''H. i. argyropus'' (Korean water deer)
| ''H. i. inermis'' (Chinese water deer)
}}
|range=East China and Korean peninsula |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|89|–|103|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|6|–|7|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|45|–|57|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamChina359"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and intertidal marine<ref name="IUCNWaterdeer"/>
|hunting=Reeds, coarse grasses, vegetables, and beets<ref name="IUCNWaterdeer"/><ref name="ADWWaterdeer"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNWaterdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
====Tribe Odocoileini====
{{Main article|Odocoileini}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Blastocerus]] |authority-name=[[Johann Andreas Wagner|Wagner]] |authority-year=1844 |species-count=one}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Marsh deer]] |binomial=B. dichotomus
|image=File:Cervo do pantano.jpg |image-size=109px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger|Illiger]] |authority-year=1815 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Scattered parts of central South America (former range in red) |range-image=File:Distribuição cervo do pantanal atual.png |range-image-size=171px
|size={{convert|153|–|191|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|12|–|16|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|110|–|127|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamNeotropics"/>
|habitat=Savanna, shrubland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNMarshdeer"/>
|hunting=Grasses, reeds and aquatic plants, as well as shrubs and vines<ref name="IUCNMarshdeer"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNMarshdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Hippocamelus]] |authority-name=[[Friedrich Sigismund Leuckart|Leuckart]] |authority-year=1816 |species-count=two}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[South Andean deer]] |binomial=H. bisulcus
|image=File:Reserva Cerro Castillo.JPG |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Juan Ignacio Molina|Molina]] |authority-year=1782 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Southern Andes mountains |range-image=File:Hippocamelus bisulcus distribution.svg |range-image-size=172px
|size={{convert|144|–|156|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|12|–|13|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|80|–|90|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamNeotropCone241"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, rocky areas, and desert<ref name="IUCNSouthAndeandeer"/>
|hunting=Varied range of grasses and other plants<ref name="IUCNSouthAndeandeer"/>
|iucn-status=EN |population=1,000–1,500
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNSouthAndeandeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Taruca]] |binomial=H. antisensis
|image=File:Huemul.jpg |image-size=152px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Alcide d'Orbigny|d'Orbigny]] |authority-year=1834 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=[[Andes]] mountains |range-image=File:Hippocamelus antisensis distribution.svg |range-image-size=172px
|size={{convert|69|–|77|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWTaruca"/>
|habitat=Shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, and other<ref name="IUCNTaruca"/>
|hunting=[[Cyperaceae|Sedges]] and grasses<ref name="ADWTaruca"/><ref name="IUCNTaruca"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=4,200–5,700
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNTaruca"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Brocket deer|Mazama]] |authority-name=[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]] |authority-year=1817 |species-count=nine}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Amazonian brown brocket]] |binomial=M. nemorivaga
|image=File:Mazama nemorivaga.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Drawing of brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Frédéric Cuvier|F. Cuvier]] |authority-year=1817 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Northern and central South America |range-image=File:Mazama nemorivaga distribution.png |range-image-size=172px
|size={{convert|75|–|100|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|6|–|11|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|50|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="HMW441443"/>
|habitat=Forest and shrubland<ref name="IUCNAmazonianbrownbrocket"/>
|hunting=Fruit, as well as leaves and shoots<ref name="HMW441443"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNAmazonianbrownbrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Central American red brocket]] |binomial=M. temama
|image=File:Cabro de monte. Mazama temama. Tapantí. Costa Rica.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Robert Kerr (writer)|Kerr]] |authority-year=1792 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. t. cerasina''
| ''M. t. reperticia''
| ''M. t. temama''
}}
|range=Central America |range-image=File:Mazama temama distribution.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|80|–|110|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|10|–|14|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|60|–|70|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="HMW441443"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNCentralAmericanredbrocket"/>
|hunting=Fruit, as well as seeds, grass, shoots, vines, and sometimes crops such as beans<ref name="HMW441443"/>
|iucn-status=DD |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNCentralAmericanredbrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Dwarf brocket]] |binomial=M. chunyi
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Philip Hershkovitz|Hershkovitz]] |authority-year=1959|range=Central Andes mountains |range-image=
File:Mazama chunyi distribution.png |range-image-size=172px
|size=About {{convert|70|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long; about {{convert|38|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ARKDwarfbrocket"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNDwarfbrocket"/>
|hunting=Fruit and shrubs<ref name="IUCNDwarfbrocket"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNDwarfbrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Gray brocket]] |binomial=M. gouazoubira
|image=File:Brocket deer Mazama gouazoubira Santa fe do Sul 1.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim|Fischer von Waldheim]] |authority-year=1814 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Eleven subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. g. cita''
| ''M. g. gouazoubira''
| ''M. g. medemi''
| ''M. g. mexianae''
| ''M. g. murelia''
| ''M. g. nemorivaga''
| ''M. g. permira''
| ''M. g. sanctaemartae''
| ''M. g. rondoni''
| ''M. g. superciliaris''
| ''M. g. tschudii''
}}
|range=Eastern South America |range-image=File:Mazama gouazoubira distribution.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|85|–|105|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long<ref name="HMW441443"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, shrubland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNGraybrocket"/>
|hunting=Wide variety of plants as well as fruit<ref name="IUCNGraybrocket"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNGraybrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Little red brocket]] |binomial=M. rufina
|image=File:Mazama rufina1.JPG |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Jules Bourcier|Bourcier]], [[Jacques Pucheran|Pucheran]] |authority-year=1852 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Northern Andes mountains |range-image=File:Mazama rufina distribution.png |range-image-size=172px
|size=About {{convert|78|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|8|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; about {{convert|45|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamNeotrop346"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNLittleredbrocket"/>
|hunting=Herbs as well as other plants<ref name="IUCNLittleredbrocket"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNLittleredbrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Mérida brocket]] |binomial=M. bricenii
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]] |authority-year=1908
|range=Northern Andes mountains |range-image=File:Mazama bricenii distribution.png |range-image-size=172px
|size={{convert|80|–|95|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|8|–|9|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|45|–|50|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="HMW441443"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas<ref name="IUCNMéridabrocket"/>
|hunting=Fruit and shrubs<ref name="IUCNMéridabrocket"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNMéridabrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Pygmy brocket]] |binomial=M. nana
|image=File:Mazama nana.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Reinhold Friedrich Hensel|Hensel]] |authority-year=1872 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Southeastern South America (possible range in yellow) |range-image=File:Mazama nana distribution.png |range-image-size=172px
|size=About {{convert|78|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|8|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; less than {{convert|50|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamNeotrop346"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNPygmybrocket"/>
|hunting=Unknown<ref name="HMW441443"/><ref name="IUCNPygmybrocket"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{population change unknown}}<ref name="IUCNPygmybrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Red brocket]] |binomial=M. americana
|image=File:Red Brocket (Mazama americana) male (28091090800).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Reddish-brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben|Erxleben]] |authority-year=1777 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Twelve subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. a. americana''
| ''M. a. carrikeri''
| ''M. a. gualea''
| ''M. a. jucunda''
| ''M. a. rosii''
| ''M. a. rufa''
| ''M. a. sarae''
| ''M. a. sheila''
| ''M. a. trinitatis''
| ''M. a. whitelyi''
| ''M. a. zamora''
| ''M. a. zetta''
}}
|range=Northern and central South America |range-image=File:Mazama americana distribution.png |range-image-size=172px
|size={{convert|103|–|146|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|8|–|15|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|65|–|80|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWRedbrocket"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNRedbrocket"/>
|hunting=Fruit and shrubs<ref name="IUCNRedbrocket"/>
|iucn-status=DD |population=Unknown
|direction={{population change unknown}}<ref name="IUCNRedbrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Small red brocket]] |binomial=M. bororo
|image=File:Veado-mateiro-pequeno.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Marcelo Duarte|Duarte]] |authority-year=1996
|range=[[Atlantic Forest]] in southeastern [[Brazil]] (possible range in yellow) |range-image=File:Mazama bororo distribution.png |range-image-size=172px
|size={{convert|85|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|11|–|14|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|50|–|60|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="HMW441443"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNSmallredbrocket"/>
|hunting=Fruit, leaves, and sprouts<ref name="HMW441443"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=8,500
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNSmallredbrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Odocoileus]] |authority-name=[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]] |authority-year=1832 |species-count=three}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Mule deer]] |binomial=O. hemionus
|image=File:Mule buck doe elk creek r myatt (5489811074).jpg |image-size=128px |image-alt=Two brown cervids
|authority-name=[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]] |authority-year=1817 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Ten subspecies |bullets=on
| ''O. h. californicus'' ([[California mule deer]])
| ''O. h. cerrosensis'' ([[Cedros Island mule deer]])
| ''O. h. columbianus'' ([[Black-tailed deer]])
| ''O. h. eremicus'' (desert mule deer)
| ''O. h. fuliginatus'' (southern mule deer)
| ''O. h. hemionus'' (Rocky Mountain mule deer)
| ''O. h. inyoensis'' (Inyo mule deer)
| ''O. h. peninsulae'' (peninsular mule deer)
| ''O. h. sheldoni'' (Tiburon Island mule deer)
| ''O. h. sitkensis'' ([[Sitka deer]])
}}
|range=Western North America |range-image=File:Odocoileus hemionus map.svg |range-image-size=154px
|size={{convert|152|–|203|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long; {{convert|80|–|106|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWMuledeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, desert, and intertidal marine<ref name="IUCNMuledeer"/>
|hunting=Leaves, twigs, acorns, legume seeds, and fleshy fruits<ref name="ADWMuledeer"/><ref name="IUCNMuledeer"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{steady|Population steady}}<ref name="IUCNMuledeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Yucatan brown brocket]] |binomial=O. pandora
|image=File:Mazama-pandora2.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Gray cervid
|authority-name=[[Clinton Hart Merriam|Merriam]] |authority-year=1901 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=[[Yucatán Peninsula]] |range-image=File:Mazama pandora distribution.png |range-image-size=166px
|size=About {{convert|105|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|8|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail<ref name="FieldMamCentAm291"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNYucatanbrownbrocket"/>
|hunting=Fruit, as well as other plants<ref name="HMW441443"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNYucatanbrownbrocket"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[White-tailed deer]] |binomial=O. virginianus
|image=File:White-tailed deer.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]] |authority-year=1832 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=38 subspecies |bullets=on
| ''O. v. acapulcensis''
| ''O. v. borealis'' (northern white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. cariacou''
| ''O. v. carminis'' (Carmen Mountains white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. chiriquensis''
| ''O. v. clavium'' ([[Key deer]])
| ''O. v. couesi'' (Coues' white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. curassavicus''
| ''O. v. dacotensis'' (Dakota white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. goudotii''
| ''O. v. gymnotis'' (South American white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. hiltonensis'' ([[Hilton Head white-tailed deer]])
| ''O. v. leucurus'' ([[Columbian white-tailed deer]])
| ''O. v. macrourus'' (Kansas white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. margaritae''
| ''O. v. mcilhennyi'' (Avery Island white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. mexicanus''
| ''O. v. miquihuanensis''
| ''O. v. nelsoni''
| ''O. v. nemoralis'' (Nicaraguan white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. nigribarbis'' (Blackbeard Island white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. oaxacensis''
| ''O. v. ochrourus'' (northwestern white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. osceola'' (Florida coastal white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. peruvianus'' (South American white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. rothschildi''
| ''O. v. seminolus'' (Florida white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. sinaloae''
| ''O. v. taurinsulae'' (Bulls Island white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. texanus'' (Texas white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. thomasi''
| ''O. v. toltecus''
| ''O. v. tropicalis''
| ''O. v. ustus''
| ''O. v. venatorius'' (Hunting Island white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. veraecrucis''
| ''O. v. virginianus'' (Virginia white-tailed deer)
| ''O. v. yucatanensis''
}}
|range=North America and northern South America |range-image=File:Odocoileus virginianus map.svg |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|150|–|200|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|10|–|28|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail<ref name="ADWWhite-taileddeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, desert, neritic marine, intertidal marine, and coastal marine<ref name="IUCNWhite-taileddeer"/>
|hunting=Wide variety of vegetation and grasses<ref name="IUCNWhite-taileddeer"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{steady|Population steady}}<ref name="IUCNWhite-taileddeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Ozotoceros]] |authority-name=[[Florentino Ameghino|Ameghino]] |authority-year=1891 |species-count=one}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Pampas deer]] |binomial=O. bezoarticus
|image=File:O. bezoarticus buck.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] |authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Five subspecies |bullets=on
| ''O. b. arerunguaensis''
| ''O. b. bezoarticus''
| ''O. b. celer''
| ''O. b. leucogaster''
| ''O. b. uruguayensis''
}}
|range=Scattered central South America |range-image=File:Ozotoceros bezoarticus map.svg |range-image-size=171px
|size={{convert|110|–|140|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long; {{convert|70|–|75|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWPampasdeer"/>
|habitat=Savanna, grassland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNPampasdeer"/>
|hunting=Grasses and shrubs<ref name="ADWPampasdeer"/><ref name="IUCNPampasdeer"/>
|iucn-status=NT |population=20,000–80,000
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNPampasdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Pudu]] |authority-name=[[John Edward Gray|Gray]] |authority-year=1852 |species-count=two}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Northern pudú]] |binomial=P. mephistophiles
|image=|image-size=178px |image-alt=Small brown cervid
|authority-name=[[William Edward de Winton|Winton]] |authority-year=1896 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Northern Andes mountains |range-image=File:Pudu mephistophiles map.png |range-image-size=159px
|size={{convert|60|–|85|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long plus {{convert|3|–|5|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|32|–|35|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="DotW120"/><ref name="Pudulength"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNPudumephistophiles"/>
|hunting=Leaves of ferns, trees, vines, herbs and shrubs<ref name="IUCNPudumephistophiles"/><ref name="ADWpudú"/>
|iucn-status=DD |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNPudumephistophiles"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Southern pudú]] |binomial=P. puda
|image=File:Southern Pudu, Edinburgh Zoo.jpg |image-size=178px |image-alt=Small brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Juan Ignacio Molina|Molina]] |authority-year=1782 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Southern Andes mountains |range-image=File:Pudu puda Range.png |range-image-size=132px
|size={{convert|60|–|85|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long plus {{convert|3|–|5|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|35|–|45|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="DotW120"/><ref name="Pudulength"/>
|habitat=Forest and shrubland<ref name="IUCNSouthernpudú"/>
|hunting=Leaves of ferns, trees, vines, herbs and shrubs<ref name="ADWpudú"/><ref name="IUCNSouthernpudú"/>
|iucn-status=NT |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNSouthernpudú"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Rangifer (genus)|Rangifer]] |authority-name=[[Charles Hamilton Smith|H. Smith]] |authority-year=1827 |species-count=one}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Reindeer]] |binomial=R. tarandus
|image=File:Reinbukken på frisk grønt beite. - panoramio.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Grayish-brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] |authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Fourteen subspecies |bullets=on
| ''R. t. buskensis'' (Busk reindeer)
| ''R. t. caboti'' (Labrador caribou)
| ''R. t. caribou'' ([[Boreal woodland caribou]])
| ''R. t. dawsoni'' ([[Queen Charlotte Islands caribou]])
| ''R. t. fennicus'' ([[Finnish forest reindeer]])
| ''R. t. groenlandicus'' ([[Barren-ground caribou]])
| ''R. t. osborni'' (Osborn's caribou)
| ''R. t. pearsoni'' (Novaya Zemlya reindeer)
| ''R. t. pearyi'' ([[Peary caribou]])
| ''R. t. phylarchus'' (Kamchatkan reindeer)
| ''R. t. platyrhynchus'' ([[Svalbard reindeer]])
| ''R. t. sibiricus'' (Siberian tundra reindeer)
| ''R. t. tarandus'' ([[Mountain reindeer]])
| ''R. t. terraenovae'' (Newfoundland caribou)
}}
|range=Arctic North America, Europe, and Asia |range-image=File:Rangifer tarandus map.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|150|–|230|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long; up to {{convert|120|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWReindeer"/>
|habitat=Forest and grassland<ref name="IUCNReindeer"/>
|hunting=Lichen, [[forb]]s, [[sedge]]s, grasses, and shrubs<ref name="IUCNReindeer"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=2,890,000
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNReindeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}

===Subfamily Cervinae===
{{Main article|Cervinae}}
====Tribe Muntiacini====
{{Main article|Muntiacini}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Elaphodus]] |authority-name=[[Henri Milne-Edwards|H. Milne-Edwards]] |authority-year=1872 |species-count=one}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Tufted deer]] |binomial=E. cephalophus
|image=File:Elaphodus cephalophus Side view Columbus Zoo 2010-05-21.JPG |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Henri Milne-Edwards|H. Milne-Edwards]] |authority-year=1872
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on
| ''E. c. cephalophus''
| ''E. c. fociensis''
| ''E. c. ichangensis''
| ''E. c. michianus''
}}
|range=Central China and northeastern Myanmar |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|110|–|160|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|7|–|16|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|50|–|70|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWTufteddeer"/>
|habitat=Forest and shrubland<ref name="IUCNTufteddeer"/>
|hunting=Grass, as well as shrubs, fruits, bamboo, and herbs<ref name="IUCNTufteddeer"/>
|iucn-status=NT |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNTufteddeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Muntjac|Muntiacus]] |authority-name=[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]] |authority-year=1815 |species-count=twelve}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Bornean yellow muntjac]] |binomial=M. atherodes
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Colin Groves|Groves]], [[Peter Grubb (zoologist)|Grubb]] |authority-year=1982
|range=[[Borneo]] |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|90|–|100|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|14|–|20|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|65|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="HMW409412"/><ref name="ADWBorneanyellowmuntjac"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNBorneanyellowmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Herbs, seeds, grass, buds, leaves, and fruit<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|iucn-status=NT |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNBorneanyellowmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Fea's muntjac]] |binomial=M. feae
|image=File:The deer of all lands (Muntiacus feae).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Drawing of a brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], [[Giacomo Doria|Doria]] |authority-year=1889 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Southern [[Myanmar]] and [[Thailand]] |range-image=File:Muntiacus feae map.png |range-image-size=134px
|size={{convert|90|–|100|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|10|–|17|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|50|–|60|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNFeasmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Fruit and leaves, as well as grass and shoots<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|iucn-status=DD |population=Unknown
|direction={{population change unknown}}<ref name="IUCNFeasmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Giant muntjac]] |binomial=M. vuquangensis
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Do Tuoc|Tuoc]], [[Vu Van Dung|Dung]], [[S. Dawson|Dawson]], [[P. Arctander|Arctander]], & [[J. R. Mackinnon|Mackinnon]] |authority-year=1994
|range=Northern Vietnam and [[Laos]] |range-image=File:Muntiacus vuquangensis distribution.svg |range-image-size=180px |authority-not-original=yes
|size={{convert|110|–|115|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|17|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|65|–|70|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNGiantmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Fruit and leaves<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|iucn-status=CR |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNGiantmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Gongshan muntjac]] |binomial=M. gongshanensis
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Shilai Ma|Ma]] |authority-year=1990
|range=South-central China |range-image=File:Muntiacus gongshanensis.png |range-image-size=178px
|size={{convert|95|–|105|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|9|–|16|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|55|–|57|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamChina355"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNGongshanmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Unknown<ref name="HMW409412"/><ref name="IUCNGongshanmuntjac"/>
|iucn-status=DD |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNGongshanmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Hairy-fronted muntjac]] |binomial=M. crinifrons
|image=File:2011 Muntjak-4.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid with a white rump
|authority-name=[[Philip Sclater|P. L.  Sclater]] |authority-year=1885 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Southeastern China |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|98|–|113|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|21|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail<ref name="ADWHairy-frontedmuntjac"/>
|habitat=Forest and shrubland<ref name="IUCNHairy-frontedmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Wide variety of tree leaves and twigs, [[forb]]s, grass, and fruit<ref name="IUCNHairy-frontedmuntjac"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNHairy-frontedmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Leaf muntjac]] |binomial=M. putaoensis
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[George Amato|Amato]], [[Mary G. Egan|Egan]] & [[Alan Rabinowitz|Rabinowitz]] |authority-year=1999
|range=Myanmar |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|77|–|83|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|8|–|12|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|50|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWLeafmuntjac"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNLeafmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Fruit and a range of plant materials<ref name="IUCNLeafmuntjac"/>
|iucn-status=DD |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNLeafmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Northern red muntjac]] |binomial=M. vaginalis
|image=File:Northern Red Muntjac, Muntiacus vaginalis in Khao Yai national park (24073673163).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Pieter Boddaert|Boddaert]] |authority-year=1785 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies=
|range=Southern and Southeast Asia |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|89|–|135|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|13|–|23|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|40|–|65|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWIndianmuntjac"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNNorthernredmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Fruit, buds, tender leaves, flowers, herbs, and young grass<ref name="IUCNNorthernredmuntjac"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNNorthernredmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Pu Hoat muntjac]] |binomial=M. puhoatensis
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Trai in Binh Chau|Trai]] |authority-year=1997
|range=Vietnam |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size=Small and similar to the Truong Son muntjac, but specific measurements not available<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNPuHoatmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Unknown<ref name="HMW409412"/><ref name="IUCNPuHoatmuntjac"/>
|iucn-status=DD |population=Unknown
|direction={{population change unknown}}<ref name="IUCNPuHoatmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Reeves's muntjac]] |binomial=M. reevesi
|image=File:Chinesischer Muntjak Muntiacus reevesi Zoo Augsburg-04.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[William Ogilby|Ogilby]] |authority-year=1839 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
| ''M. r. jiangkouensis''
| ''M. r. micrurus''
| ''M. r. reevesi''
}}
|range=Eastern China; introduced to Britain and Japan |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|70|–|113|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|10|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|43|–|45|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWReevessmuntjac"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNReevessmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Bamboo, seeds, bark, fruit and foliage, as well as eggs, carrion, small mammals, and ground-nesting birds<ref name="ADWReevessmuntjac"/><ref name="IUCNReevessmuntjac"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNReevessmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Roosevelt's muntjac]] |binomial=M. rooseveltorum
|image= |image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Wilfred Hudson Osgood|Osgood]] |authority-year=1932
|range= |range-image=File:Muntiacus rooseveltorum.png |range-image-size=134px
|size=Small with shoulder height estimated at about {{convert|40|cm|in|0|abbr=on}}, but specific measurements not available<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNRooseveltsmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Leaves and fruit<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|iucn-status=DD |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNRooseveltsmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Southern red muntjac]] |binomial=M. muntjak
|image=File:Muntiacus sp - Hai Hong Karni.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann|Zimmermann]] |authority-year=1780 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies=
|range=Southeast Asia |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|89|–|135|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|13|–|23|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|40|–|65|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWIndianmuntjac"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNSouthernredmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Fruit, buds, tender leaves, flowers, herbs, and young grass<ref name="IUCNSouthernredmuntjac"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNSouthernredmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Truong Son muntjac]] |binomial=M. truongsonensis
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=[[Pham Mong Giao|Giao]], [[Do Tuoc|Tuoc]], [[Vu Van Dung|Dung]], [[Eric Wikramanayake|Wikramanayake]], [[George Amato|Amato]], [[P. Arctander|Arctander]], & [[J. R. Mackinnon|Mackinnon]] |authority-year=1997 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Southern Vietnam |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size=Small with shoulder height estimated at about {{convert|40|cm|in|0|abbr=on}}, but specific measurements not available<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|habitat=Forest<ref name="IUCNTruongSonmuntjac"/>
|hunting=Leaves and fruit<ref name="HMW409412"/>
|iucn-status=DD |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNTruongSonmuntjac"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}

====Tribe Cervini====
{{Main article|Cervini}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Axis (genus)|Axis]] |authority-name=[[Charles Hamilton Smith|H. Smith]] |authority-year=1827 |species-count=four}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Chital]] |binomial=A. axis
|image=File:A chital stag 1.JPG |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid with white spots
|authority-name=[[Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben|Erxleben]] |authority-year=1777 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=[[Indian subcontinent]]  |range-image=File:Chital range map.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|70|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long plus {{convert|20|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|35|–|38|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="Chitalsize1"/><ref name="Chitalsize2"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, and grassland<ref name="IUCNChital"/>
|hunting=Wide variety of grasses as well as fallen leaves, flowers, and fruit<ref name="IUCNChital"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{population change unknown}}<ref name="IUCNChital"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Calamian deer]] |binomial=A. calamianensis
|image=File:Axis calamianensis.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Pierre Marie Heude|Heude]] |authority-year=1888 |authority-not-original=yes
|range= [[Calamian Islands]] of the [[Philippines]] |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|100|–|175|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|12|–|38|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|60|–|100|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ARKCalamiandeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, and grassland<ref name="IUCNCalamiandeer"/>
|hunting=Leaves<ref name="IUCNCalamiandeer"/>
|iucn-status=EN |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNCalamiandeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Bawean deer]] |binomial=A. kuhlii
|image=File:Adult male Bawean deer Axis kuhlii.JPG |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Coenraad Jacob Temminck|Temminck]] |authority-year=1836 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=[[Bawean]] island of Indonesia |range-image=File:Axis kuhlii range map.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|100|–|175|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long<ref name="EncEndangered325"/>
|habitat=Forest and grassland<ref name="IUCNBaweandeer"/>
|hunting=Herbs and grasses, as well as young leaves and twigs<ref name="IUCNBaweandeer"/>
|iucn-status=CR |population=200–500
|direction={{steady|Population steady}}<ref name="IUCNBaweandeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Indian hog deer]] |binomial=A. porcinus
|image=File:Indian hog deer.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann|Zimmermann]] |authority-year=1780 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Southern and southeast Asia |range-image=File:Axis porcinus range map.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|105|–|115|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|20|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|60|–|72|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamChina349"/>
|habitat=Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNIndianhogdeer"/>
|hunting=Young grasses, as well as herbs, flowers, fruit, and shrubs<ref name="IUCNIndianhogdeer"/>
|iucn-status=EN |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNIndianhogdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Cervus]] |authority-name=[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] |authority-year=1758 |species-count=five}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Thorold's deer]] |binomial=C. albirostris
|image=File:CervusAlbirostris2.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Two brown cervids
|authority-name=[[Nikolay Przhevalsky|Przhevalsky]] |authority-year=1883
|range=Central China |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|155|–|210|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|10|–|13|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|115|–|140|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamChina356"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNThoroldsdeer"/>
|hunting=Grass, herbs, lichens, leaves, and bark of trees and bushes<ref name="IUCNThoroldsdeer"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{population change unknown}}<ref name="IUCNThoroldsdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Elk]] |binomial=C. canadensis
|image=File:Jasper.Wapiti-Hirsch.P1033401.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben|Erxleben]] |authority-year=1777
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Thirteen subspecies |bullets=on
| ''C. c. alashanicus'' ([[Alashan wapiti]])
| ''C. c. canadensis'' ([[Eastern elk]]){{dagger|alt=Extinct}}
| ''C. c. kansuensis'' ([[Kansu red deer]])
| ''C. c. macneilli'' ([[Sichuan deer]])
| ''C. c. manitobensis'' ([[Manitoban elk]])
| ''C. c. merriami'' ([[Merriam's elk]]){{dagger|alt=Extinct}}
| ''C. c. nannodes'' ([[Tule elk]])
| ''C. c. nelsoni'' ([[Rocky Mountain elk]])
| ''C. c. roosevelti'' ([[Roosevelt elk]])
| ''C. c. sibiricus'' ([[Altai wapiti]])
| ''C. c. songaricus'' ([[Tian Shan wapiti]])
| ''C. c. wallichii'' ([[Tibetan red deer]])
| ''C. c. xanthopygus'' ([[Manchurian wapiti]])
}}
|range=North America and Asia (former range in light green)|range-image=File:Wapiti.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|210|–|280|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long plus {{convert|10|–|22|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|120|–|175|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="MamColorado446"/><ref name="MamGreatLakes149"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNElk"/>
|hunting=Shrub and tree shoots, as well as grasses, sedges, and shrubs<ref name="IUCNElk"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{increase|Population increasing}}<ref name="IUCNElk"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Red deer]] |binomial=C. elaphus
|image=File:Cervus elaphus Luc Viatour 6.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] |authority-year=1758
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Nine subspecies |bullets=on
| ''C. e. atlanticus'' ([[Norwegian red deer]])
| ''C. e. barbarus'' ([[Barbary stag]])
| ''C. e. brauneri'' (Crimean red deer)
| ''C. e. corsicanus'' ([[Corsican red deer]])
| ''C. e. elaphus''
| ''C. e. hispanicus'' ([[Spanish red deer]])
| ''C. e. maral'' ([[Caspian red deer]])
| ''C. e. nannodes''
| ''C. e. pannoniensis''
}}
|range=Europe and western Asia (former range in light green)|range-image=File:Red deer (Cervus elaphus) reconstructed and recent.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|160|–|270|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long; {{convert|75|–|150|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWReddeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas<ref name="IUCNReddeer"/>
|hunting=Shrub and tree shoots, as well as grasses, sedges, shrubs, fruit, and seeds<ref name="IUCNReddeer"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{increase|Population increasing}}<ref name="IUCNReddeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Central Asian red deer]] |binomial=C. hanglu
|image=File:Bukhara_Deer_stag_at_Speyside_Wildlife_Park_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1002574.jpg |image-size=129px
|authority-name=[[Johann Andreas Wagner|Wagner]] |authority-year=1844
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
| ''C. h. bactrianus'' ([[Bactrian deer]])
| ''C. h. hanglu'' ([[Kashmir stag]])
| ''C. h. yarkandensis'' ([[Yarkand deer]])
}}
|range=Central Asia |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNCARedDeer"/>
|hunting=Branches of young deciduous trees<ref name="IUCNCARedDeer"/>
|iucn-status=LC|population=2,000-2,500+
|direction={{increase|Population increasing}}<ref name="IUCNCARedDeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Sika deer]] |binomial=C. nippon
|image=File:Cervus nippon 002.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid with white spots
|authority-name=[[Coenraad Jacob Temminck|Temminck]] |authority-year=1838
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Sixteen subspecies |bullets=on
| ''C. n. aplodontus''
| ''C. n. grassianus'' ([[Shanxi sika deer]])
| ''C. n. hortulorum''
| ''C. n. keramae'' ([[Kerama deer]])
| ''C. n. kopschi'' ([[South China sika deer]])
| ''C. n. mageshimae''
| ''C. n. mandarinus'' ([[North China sika deer]])
| ''C. n. mantchuricus'' ([[Manchurian sika deer]])
| ''C. n. nippon''
| ''C. n. pseudaxis'' ([[Vietnamese sika deer]])
| ''C. n. pulchellus''
| ''C. n. sichuanicus'' ([[Sichuan sika deer]])
| ''C. n. soloensis''
| ''C. n. taiouanus'' ([[Formosan sika deer]])
| ''C. n. yakushimae''
| ''C. n. yesoensis'' ([[Yezo sika deer]])
}}
|range=East Asia |range-image= |range-image-size=
|size={{convert|95|–|180|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long plus {{convert|7|–|13|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|64|–|109|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWSikadeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNSikadeer"/>
|hunting=Grass, as well as shrubs and fruit<ref name="IUCNSikadeer"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{increase|Population increasing}}<ref name="IUCNSikadeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Dama (genus)|Dama]] |authority-name=[[J. L. Frisch|Frisch]] |authority-year=1775 |species-count=two}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[European fallow deer]] |binomial=D. dama
|image=File:Fallow deer in field.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid with white spots
|authority-name=[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] |authority-year=1758 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Europe and west Asia; introduced scattered areas worldwide (in teal) |range-image=File:Dama dama map.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|130|–|175|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|15|–|23|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|90|–|100|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWFallowdeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNFallowdeer"/>
|hunting=Grasses, [[mast (botany)|mast]], and shrubs, as well as leaves, buds, shoots, and bark<ref name="ADWFallowdeer"/><ref name="IUCNFallowdeer"/>
|iucn-status=LC |population=Unknown
|direction={{population change unknown}}<ref name="IUCNFallowdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Persian fallow deer]] |binomial=D. mesopotamica
|image=File:Persian_Fallow_Deer_1.jpg |image-size=180px
|authority-name=[[Victor Brooke|Brooke]] |authority-year=1875 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=Iran and Israel |range-image=|range-image-size=
|size={{convert|130|–|175|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|15|–|23|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|90|–|100|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ADWFallowdeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, and shrubland<ref name="IUCNPersianFallowdeer"/>
|hunting=Grasses, [[mast (botany)|mast]], and shrubs, as well as leaves, buds, shoots, and bark<ref name="IUCNPersianFallowdeer"/>
|iucn-status=EN |population=Unknown
|direction={{increase|Population increasing}}<ref name="IUCNPersianFallowdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}

{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Elaphurus]] |authority-name=[[Henri Milne-Edwards|H. Milne-Edwards]] |authority-year=1872 |species-count=one}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Père David's deer]] |binomial=E. davidianus
|image=File:Pere David Deer - Woburn Deer Park (5115883164).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Three brown cervids
|authority-name=[[Alphonse Milne-Edwards|Milne-Edwards]] |authority-year=1866
|range=China |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|183|–|216|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|22|–|36|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail<ref name="ADWPèreDavidsdeer"/>
|habitat=Grassland, inland wetlands, and intertidal marine<ref name="IUCNPèreDavidsdeer"/>
|hunting=Grass, reeds, and bush leaves<ref name="IUCNPèreDavidsdeer"/>
|iucn-status=EW |population=Unknown
|direction={{population change unknown}}<ref name="IUCNPèreDavidsdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}

{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Panolia]] |authority-name=[[John McClelland (doctor)|McClelland]] |authority-year=1842 |species-count=one}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Eld's deer]] |binomial=P. eldii
|image=File:Panolia eldii thamin.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[John McClelland (doctor)|McClelland]] |authority-year=1842 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
| ''P. e. eldii'' ([[Sangai]])
| ''P. e. siamensis'' (Burmese brow-antlered deer)
| ''P. e. thamin'' (Thai brow-antlered deer)
}}
|range=Scattered parts of southeast Asia |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|140|–|170|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|22|–|25|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|90|–|130|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="HMW425426"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNEldsdeer"/>
|hunting=A variety of grasses, fruit, and herbaceous and wetland plants<ref name="ARKEldsdeer"/><ref name="IUCNEldsdeer"/>
|iucn-status=EN |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNEldsdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}
{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Rucervus]] |authority-name=[[Brian Houghton Hodgson|Hodgson]] |authority-year=1838 |species-count=two}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Barasingha]] |binomial=R. duvaucelii
|image=File:The barasingha.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Georges Cuvier|Cuvier]] |authority-year=1823 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
| ''R. d. branderi'' (Southern swamp deer)
| ''R. d. duvaucelii'' (Western swamp deer)
| ''R. d. ranjitsinhi'' (Eastern swamp deer)
}}
|range=Scattered parts of south Asia (historical range in yellow) |range-image=File:Rucervus duvaucelii range map.png |range-image-size=180px
|size=About {{convert|180|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long; {{convert|119|–|124|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ARKBarasingha"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, grassland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNBarasingha"/>
|hunting=Grass and aquatic plants<ref name="IUCNBarasingha"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNBarasingha"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Schomburgk's deer]]{{dagger|alt=Extinct}} |binomial=R. schomburgki
|image=File:SchomburgksDeer-Berlin1911.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Black-and-white photo of a cervid
|authority-name=[[Edward Blyth|Blyth]] |authority-year=1863
|range=[[Central Thailand]] |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size=Unknown
|habitat=Grassland and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNSchomburgksdeer"/>
|hunting=Unknown<ref name="IUCNSchomburgksdeer"/>
|iucn-status=EX |population=0
|direction={{steady|Population steady}}<ref name="IUCNSchomburgksdeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}

{{Species table |no-note=y |genus=[[Rusa (genus)|Rusa]] |authority-name=[[Charles Hamilton Smith|H. Smith]] |authority-year=1827 |species-count=four}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Visayan spotted deer]] |binomial=R. alfredi
|image=File:Visayan Spotted Deer (Rusa alfredi).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=White-spotted brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Philip Sclater|P. L.  Sclater]] |authority-year=1870 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=[[Philippines]] |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|120|–|130|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|8|–|13|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|60|–|80|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ARKVisayanspotteddeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, shrubland, and grassland<ref name="IUCNVisayanspotteddeer"/>
|hunting=[[Imperata cylindrica|Cogon grass]] and young leaves and buds<ref name="IUCNVisayanspotteddeer"/>
|iucn-status=EN |population=700
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNVisayanspotteddeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Philippine deer]] |binomial=R. marianna
|image=File:Philippine Deer - Rusa marianna - Ninoy Aquino Parks & Wildlife Center 02.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest|Desmarest]] |authority-year=1822 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Four subspecies |bullets=on
| ''R. m. barandana''
| ''R. m. marianna''
| ''R. m. nigella''
| ''R. m. nigricans''
}}
|range=[[Philippines]] |range-image= |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|100|–|151|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long; {{convert|55|–|70|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ARKPhilippinedeer"/>
|habitat=Forest and grassland<ref name="IUCNPhilippinedeer"/>
|hunting=Grass<ref name="IUCNPhilippinedeer"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNPhilippinedeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Javan rusa]] |binomial=R. timorensis
|image=File:Javan Deer couple - Baluran NP - East Java (29505339513).jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Two brown cervids
|authority-name=[[Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville|Blainville]] |authority-year=1822 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Seven subspecies |bullets=on
| ''R. t. djonga''
| ''R. t. floresiensis'' (Flores rusa deer)
| ''R. t. macassaricus'' (Celebes rusa deer)
| ''R. t. moluccensis'' (Moluccan rusa deer)
| ''R. t. renschi''
| ''R. t. russa'' (Javan rusa deer)
| ''R. t. timorensis'' (Timor rusa deer)
}}
|range=[[Indonesia]] and [[East Timor]] |range-image=File:Rusa timorensis natural range-map.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|142|–|185|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|10|–|30|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|80|–|110|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="Introduced430"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, and grassland<ref name="IUCNJavanrusa"/>
|hunting=Grass, herbs, the leaves and bark of shrubs, and seaweed<ref name="IUCNJavanrusa"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=10,000
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNJavanrusa"/>
}}
{{Species table/row
|name=[[Sambar deer]] |binomial=R. unicolor
|image=File:Sambar (Cervus unicolor unicolor) male.jpg |image-size=180px |image-alt=Brown cervid
|authority-name=[[Robert Kerr (writer)|Kerr]] |authority-year=1792 |authority-not-original=yes
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand= |title=Seven subspecies |bullets=on
| ''R. u. brookei'' (Bornean sambar)
| ''R. u. cambojensis'' (Mainland Southeast Asian sambar)
| ''R. u. dejeani'' (South China sambar)
| ''R. u. equina'' (Malayan sambar)
| ''R. u. hainana'' (Hainan sambar)
| ''R. u. swinhoii'' ([[Formosan sambar deer|Formosan sambar]])
| ''R. u. unicolor'' ([[Sri Lankan sambar deer|Sri Lankan sambar]])
}}
|range=South and Southeast Asia including Southern China |range-image=File:Rusa unicolor.png |range-image-size=180px
|size={{convert|160|–|270|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} long, plus {{convert|25|–|30|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tail; {{convert|102|–|160|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall at shoulder<ref name="ARKSambardeer"/>
|habitat=Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands<ref name="IUCNSambardeer"/>
|hunting=Wide variety of plants<ref name="IUCNSambardeer"/>
|iucn-status=VU |population=Unknown
|direction={{decrease|Population declining}}<ref name="IUCNSambardeer"/>
}}
{{Species table/end}}

==See also==

* [[Largest cervids]]

==References==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name="PDBCervidae">{{cite web |url=http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=42652 |title=Fossilworks: Cervidae |work=[[Paleobiology Database]] |publisher=[[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] |access-date=December 17, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="SchomburgkExtinct">[[#CITEREF_NTB|Ellis]], pp. 311–312</ref>
<ref name="genus">{{cite journal |last1=Pitra |first1=C. |last2=Fickel |first2=J. |last3=Meijaard |first3=E. |last4=Grooves |first4=C. |title=Evolution and phylogeny of old world deer |journal=[[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]] |date=2004 |volume=33 |issue=3 |pages=880–895 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2004.07.013 |pmid=15522810 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790304002374}}</ref>
<ref name="Gilbert2006">{{cite journal |last1=Gilbert |first1=C. |last2=Ropiquet |first2=A. |last3=Hassanin |first3=A. |title=Mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies of Cervidae (Mammalia, Ruminantia): Systematics, morphology, and biogeography | journal=[[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]] |date=2006 |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=101–117 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.017 |pmid=16584894}}</ref>
<ref name="samejima">{{cite journal |last1=Samejima |first1=Y. |last2=Matsuoka |first2=H. |title=A new viewpoint on antlers reveals the evolutionary history of deer (Cervidae, Mammalia). |journal=[[Scientific Reports]] |date=2020 |volume=10 |issue= 1|pages=8910 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-64555-7|pmid=32488122 |pmc=7265483 |bibcode=2020NatSR..10.8910S }}</ref>
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<!-- CAPREOLINAE -->

<ref name="MamNeotropics">[[#CITEREF_MammNeotropic|Eisenberg, Redford, Reid, Bonner (vol. 3)]], p. 340</ref>
<ref name="IUCNMoose">{{cite iucn |last1=Hundertmark |first1=K. |title=''Alces alces'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T56003281A22157381 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T56003281A22157381.en}}</ref>
<ref name="MoosePopRussia">{{cite journal |last=Baskin |first=L. M. |date=2009 |title=Status of Regional Moose Populations in European and Asiatic Russia |url=http://alcesjournal.org/index.php/alces/article/viewFile/4/3 |journal=[[Alces (journal)|Alces]] |volume=45 |pages=1–4 |access-date=February 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226212035/http://alcesjournal.org/index.php/alces/article/viewFile/4/3|archive-date=February 26, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWMoose">{{cite web |title=''Alces alces'' |last1=De Bord |first1=Daniel |date=2009 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Alces_alces/ |access-date=February 24, 2021}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNMarshdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Duarte |first1=J. M. B |last2=Varela |first2=D. |last3=Piovezan |first3=U. |last4=Beccaceci |first4=M. D. |last5=Garcia |first5=J. E. |title=''Blastocerus dichotomus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T2828A22160916 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T2828A22160916.en}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNRoedeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Lovari |first1=S. |last2=Herrero |first2=J. |last3=Masseti |first3=M. |last4=Ambarli |first4=H. |last5=Lorenzini |first5=R. |last6=Giannatos |first6=G. |title=''Capreolus capreolus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T42395A22161386 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42395A22161386.en}}</ref>
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<ref name="IUCNSiberianroedeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Lovari |first1=S. |last2=Masseti |first2=M. |last3=Lorenzini |first3=R. |title=''Capreolus pygargus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T42396A22161884 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42396A22161884.en}}</ref>
<ref name="MamChina347">[[#CITEREF_MamChina|Smith, Xie]], p. 347</ref>

<ref name="IUCNTaruca">{{cite iucn |last1=Barrio |first1=J. |last2=Nuñez |first2=A. |last3=Pacheco |first3=L. |last4=Regidor |first4=H. A. |last5=Fuentes-Allende |first5=N. |title=''Hippocamelus antisensis'' |volume=2017 |page=e.T10053A22158621 |date=2017 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T10053A22158621.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWTaruca">{{cite web |title=''Hippocamelus antisensis'' |last1=Putz |first1=Brian |date=2003 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hippocamelus_antisensis/ |access-date=February 25, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNSouthAndeandeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Black-Decima |first1=P. A. |last2=Corti |first2=P. |last3=Díaz |first3=N. |last4=Fernandez |first4=R. |last5=Geist |first5=V. |last6=Gill |first6=R. |last7=Gizejewski |first7=Z. |last8=Jiménez |first8=J. |last9=Pastore |first9=H. |last10=Saucedo |first10=C. |last11=Wittmer |first11=H. |title=''Hippocamelus bisulcus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T10054A22158895 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T10054A22158895.en}}</ref>
<ref name="MamNeotropCone241">[[#CITEREF_MammNeotropicCone|Eisenberg, Redford, Reid, Bonner (vol. 2)]], p. 241</ref>

<ref name="HMW441443">[[#CITEREF_HMW|Wilson, Mittermeier]], p. 441–443</ref>
<ref name="IUCNAmazonianbrownbrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Rossi |first1=R. V. |last2=Duarte |first2=J. M. B |title=''Mazama nemorivaga'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T136708A22158407 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136708A22158407.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNRedbrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Duarte |first1=J. M. B |last2=Vogliotti |first2=A. |title=''Mazama americana'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T29619A22154827 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T29619A22154827.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWRedbrocket">{{cite web |title=''Mazama americana'' |last1=Kossel |first1=Kyle |date=2013 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Mazama_americana/ |access-date=February 25, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNSmallredbrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Vogliotti |first1=A. |last2=Oliveira |first2=M. L. |last3=Duarte |first3=J. M. B. |title=''Mazama bororo'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T41023A22155086 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41023A22155086.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNMéridabrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Lizcano |first1=D. J. |last2=Alvarez |first2=S. J. |title=''Mazama bricenii'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T136301A22165039 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136301A22165039.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNDwarfbrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Rumiz |first1=D. I. |last2=Barrio |first2=J. |title=''Mazama chunyi'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T12913A22165860 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T12913A22165860.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ARKDwarfbrocket">{{cite web |url=http://www.arkive.org/dwarf-brocket/mazama-chunyi/info.html |title=Dwarf brocket (''Mazama chunyi'') |website=[[ARKive]] |publisher=[[Wildscreen]] |access-date=March 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811051706/http://www.arkive.org:80/dwarf-brocket/mazama-chunyi/info.html |archive-date=August 11, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNGraybrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Black-Decima |first1=P. A. |last2=Vogliotti |first2=A. |title=''Mazama gouazoubira'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T29620A22154584 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T29620A22154584.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNPygmybrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Duarte |first1=J. M. B |last2=Vogliotti |first2=A. |last3=Cartes |first3=J. L. |last4=Oliveira |first4=M. L. |title=''Mazama nana'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T29621A22154379 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T29621A22154379.en}}</ref>
<ref name="MamNeotrop346">[[#CITEREF_MammNeotropic|Eisenberg, Redford, Reid, Bonner (vol. 3)]], p. 346</ref>
<ref name="IUCNYucatanbrownbrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Weber |first1=M. |last2=de Grammont |first2=P. C. |last3=Cuarón |first3=A. D. |title=''Mazama pandora'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T29622A22154219 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T29622A22154219.en}}</ref>
<ref name="FieldMamCentAm291">[[#CITEREF_FieldMamCentAm|Reid]], p. 291</ref>
<ref name="IUCNLittleredbrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Lizcano |first1=D. and Alvarez |last2=S. J. |title=''Mazama rufina'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T12914A22165586 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T12914A22165586.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNCentralAmericanredbrocket">{{cite iucn |last1=Bello |first1=J. |last2=Reyna |first2=R. |last3=Schipper |first3=J. |title=''Mazama temama'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T136290A22164644 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136290A22164644.en}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNMuledeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Sanchez Rojas |first1=G. and Gallina Tessaro |last2=S. |title=''Odocoileus hemionus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T42393A22162113 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42393A22162113.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWMuledeer">{{cite web |first1=Michael |last1=Misuraca |title=''Odocoileus hemionus'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Odocoileus_hemionus/ |date=1999 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 5, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNWhite-taileddeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Gallina |first1=S. and Lopez Arevalo |last2=H. |title=''Odocoileus virginianus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T42394A22162580 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42394A22162580.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWWhite-taileddeer">{{cite web |first1=Tanya |last1=Dewey |title=''Odocoileus virginianus'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Odocoileus_virginianus/ |date=2003 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=November 28, 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNPampasdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=González |first1=S. |last2=Jackson |first2=III |last3=J. J. |first3=Merino |last4=M. L. |title=''Ozotoceros bezoarticus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T15803A22160030 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15803A22160030.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWPampasdeer">{{cite web |first1=Guillermo |last1=D'Elia |title=''Ozotoceros bezoarticus'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ozotoceros_bezoarticus/ |date=1999 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 5, 2021}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNPudumephistophiles">{{cite iucn |last1=Barrio |first1=J. |last2=Tirira |first2=D. G. |title=''Pudu mephistophiles'' |volume=2019 |page=e.T18847A22163836 |date=2019 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T18847A22163836.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWpudú">{{cite web |first1=Meagan |last1=Robidoux |title=''Pudu puda'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Pudu_puda/ |date=2014 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 17, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNSouthernpudú">{{cite iucn |last1=Silva-Rodríguez |first1=E |last2=Pastore |first2=H. |last3=Jiménez |first3=J. |title=''Pudu puda'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T18848A22164089 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T18848A22164089.en}}</ref>
<ref name="DotW120">[[#CITEREF_DotW|Geist]], p. 120</ref>
<ref name="Pudulength">{{cite web |url=https://wwf.panda.org/discover/knowledge_hub/where_we_work/southern_chile/? |title=Southern Chili |publisher=[[World Wide Fund for Nature]] |access-date=March 16, 2021}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNReindeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Gunn |first1=A. |title=''Rangifer tarandus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T29742A22167140 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T29742A22167140.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWReindeer">{{cite web |first1=Kyle C. |last1=Joly |first2=Nancy |last2=Shefferly |title=''Rangifer tarandus'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Rangifer_tarandus/ |date=2000 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 5, 2021}}</ref>

<!-- CERVINAE -->

<ref name="IUCNChital">{{cite iucn |last1=Duckworth |first1=J. W. |last2=Kumar |first2=N. S. |last3=Anwarul Islam |first3=M. |last4=Sagar Baral |first4=H. |last5=Timmins |first5=R. |title=''Axis axis'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T41783A22158006 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T41783A22158006.en}}</ref>
<ref name="Chitalsize1">{{cite web |last1=Waring |first1=G. H. |title=Preliminary study of the behavior and ecology of axis deer on Maui, Hawaii |publisher=Hawaii Ecosystems at Risk Project |date=1996 |url=http://www.hear.org/AlienSpeciesInHawaii/waringreports/axisdeer.htm |access-date=April 13, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="Chitalsize2">[[#CITEREF_DeerTiger|Schaller]], p. 38</ref>

<ref name="IUCNElk">{{cite iucn |last1=Brook |first1=S. M. |last2=Pluháček |first2=J. |last3=Lorenzini |first3=R. |last4=Lovari |first4=S. |last5=Masseti |first5=M. |last6=Pereladova |first6=O. |last7=Mattioli |first7=S. |title=''Cervus canadensis'' |errata=2019 |volume=2018 |page=e.T55997823A142396828 |date=2018 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T55997823A142396828.en}}</ref>
<ref name="MamColorado446">[[#CITEREF_MamColorado|Armstrong, Fitzgerald, Meaney]], p. 446</ref>
<ref name="MamGreatLakes149">[[#CITEREF_MamGreatLakes|Burt]], p. 149</ref>
<ref name="IUCNReddeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Lovari |first1=S. |last2=Lorenzini |first2=R. |last3=Masseti |first3=M. |last4=Pereladova |first4=O. |last5=Carden |first5=R. F. |last6=Brook |first6=S. M. |last7=Mattioli |first7=S. |title=''Cervus elaphus'' |errata=2019 |volume=2018 |page=e.T55997072A142404453 |date=2018 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T55997072A142404453.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWReddeer">{{cite web |first1=Rachel Lesley |last1=Senseman |title=''Cervus elaphus'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Cervus_elaphus/ |date=2002 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 5, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNCARedDeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Brook |first1=S. M. |last2=Donnithorne-Tait |first2=D. |last3=Lorenzini |first3=R. |last4=Lovari |first4=S. |last5=Masseti |first5=M. |last6=Pereladova |first6=O. |last7=Ahmad |first7=K. |last8=Thakur |first8=M. |volume=2017 |title=''Cervus hanglu'' |amends=2017 |date=2017 |page=e.T4261A120733024 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T4261A120733024.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNSikadeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Harris |first1=R. B. |title=''Cervus nippon'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T41788A22155877 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T41788A22155877.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWSikadeer">{{cite web |first1=Nathan |last1=Landesman |title=''Cervus nippon'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Cervus_nippon/ |date=1999 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 5, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNThoroldsdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Harris |first1=R. B. |title=''Cervus albirostris'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T4256A61976756 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4256A61976756.en}}</ref>
<ref name="MamChina356">[[#CITEREF_MamChina|Smith, Xie]], p. 356</ref>

<ref name="IUCNFallowdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Masseti |first1=M. |last2=Mertzanidou |first2=D. |title=''Dama dama'' |volume=2008 |page=e.T42188A10656554 |date=2008 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T42188A10656554.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWFallowdeer">{{cite web |first1=Aarti |last1=Dharmani |title=''Dama dama'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Dama_dama/ |date=2000 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=November 28, 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNPersianFallowdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Werner |first1=N. Y. |last2=Rabiei |first2=A. |last3=Saltz |first3=D. |last4=Daujat |first4=J. |last5=Baker |first5=K. |volume=2015 |title=''Dama mesopotamica'' |errata=2016|date=2015 |page=e.T6232A22164332 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T6232A22164332.en}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNTufteddeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Harris |first1=R. B. |last2=Jiang |first2=Z. |title=''Elaphodus cephalophus'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T7112A22159620 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T7112A22159620.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWTufteddeer">{{cite web |last1=Lundrigan |first1=Barbara |last2=Oas |first2=Rebecca |title=''Elaphodus cephalophus'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Elaphodus_cephalophus/ |date=2003 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 5, 2021}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNPèreDavidsdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Jiang |first1=Z. |last2=Harris |first2=R. B. |title=''Elaphurus davidianus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T7121A22159785 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T7121A22159785.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWPèreDavidsdeer">{{cite web |last1=Jacobson |first1=Erin |title=''Elaphurus davidianus'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Elaphurus_davidianus/ |date=2003 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 11, 2021}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNCalamiandeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Widmann |first1=P. |last2=Lastica |first2=E. |title=''Axis calamianensis'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T2446A22156678 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T2446A22156678.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ARKCalamiandeer">{{cite web |url=http://www.arkive.org/calamian-deer/axis-calamianensis/ |title=Calamian deer (''Axis calamianensis'') |website=[[ARKive]] |publisher=[[Wildscreen]] |access-date=March 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190208235837/http://www.arkive.org:80/calamian-deer/axis-calamianensis/ |archive-date=February 8, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNBaweandeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Semiadi |first1=G. |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |last3=Timmins |first3=R. |title=''Axis kuhlii'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T2447A73071875 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T2447A73071875.en}}</ref>
<ref name="EncEndangered325">[[#CITEREF_EncEndangered|Emanoil]], p. 325</ref>
<ref name="IUCNIndianhogdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. |last2=Duckworth  |first2=J. W. |last3=Samba Kumar |first3=N. |last4=Anwarul Islam |first4=M. |last5=Sagar Baral |first5=H. |last6=Long |first6=B. |last7=Maxwell |first7=A. |title=''Axis porcinus'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T41784A22157664 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T41784A22157664.en}}</ref>
<ref name="MamChina349">[[#CITEREF_MamChina|Smith, Xie]], p. 349</ref>

<ref name="HMW409412">[[#CITEREF_HMW|Wilson, Mittermeier]], p. 409–412</ref>
<ref name="IUCNBorneanyellowmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. J. |last2=Belden |first2=G. |last3=Brodie |first3=J. |last4=Ross |first4=J. |last5=Wilting |first5=A. |last6=Duckworth |first6=J. W. |title=''Muntiacus atherodes'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T42189A22166396 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42189A22166396.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWBorneanyellowmuntjac">{{cite web |last1=Jetzer |first1=Ashley |title=''Muntiacus atherodes'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Muntiacus_atherodes/ |date=2007 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 11, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNHairy-frontedmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. |last2=Chan |first2=B. |title=''Muntiacus crinifrons'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T13924A22160753 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13924A22160753.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWHairy-frontedmuntjac">{{cite web |last1=Wood |first1=Aaron |title=''Muntiacus crinifrons'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Muntiacus_crinifrons/ |date=2006 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 11, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNFeasmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. |last2=Steinmetz |first2=R. |last3=Chutipong |first3=W. |title=''Muntiacus feae'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T13927A22160266 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13927A22160266.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNGongshanmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |title=''Muntiacus gongshanensis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T13926A22160596 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13926A22160596.en}}</ref>
<ref name="MamChina355">[[#CITEREF_MamChina|Smith, Xie]], p. 355</ref>
<ref name="IUCNNorthernredmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. J. |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |last3=Hedges |first3=S. |title=''Muntiacus muntjak'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T42190A56005589 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42190A56005589.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWIndianmuntjac">{{cite web |last1=Jackson |first1=Adria |title=''Muntiacus muntjak'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Muntiacus_muntjak/ |date=2002 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 11, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNPuHoatmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=J |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |title=''Muntiacus puhoatensis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T136293A22164930 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136293A22164930.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNLeafmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. J. |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |title=''Muntiacus putaoensis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T136479A22159478 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136479A22159478.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWLeafmuntjac">{{cite web |last1=Gigliotti |first1=Deanna |title=''Muntiacus putaoensis'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Muntiacus_putaoensis/ |date=2013 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 11, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNReevessmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=J |last2=Chan |first2=B. |title=''Muntiacus reevesi'' |errata=2020 |volume=2016 |page=e.T42191A170905827 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42191A170905827.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWReevessmuntjac">{{cite web |last1= Deuling |first1=Sara |title=''Muntiacus reevesi'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Muntiacus_reevesi/ |date=2004 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 11, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNRooseveltsmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |title=''Muntiacus rooseveltorum'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T13928A22160435 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13928A22160435.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNSouthernredmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. J. |last2=Steinmetz |first2=R. |last3=Samba Kumar |first3=N. |last4=Anwarul Islam |first4=Md. |last5=Sagar Baral |first5=H. |title=''Muntiacus vaginalis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T136551A22165292 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136551A22165292.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNTruongSonmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |title=''Muntiacus truongsonensis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T44704A22154056 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T44704A22154056.en}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNGiantmuntjac">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. J. |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |last3=Robichaud |first3=W. |last4=Long |first4=B. |last5=Gray |first5=T. N. E. |last6=Tilker |first6=A. |title=''Muntiacus vuquangensis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T44703A22153828 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T44703A22153828.en}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNBarasingha">{{cite iucn |last1=Duckworth |first1=J. W. |last2=Kumar |first2=N. S. |last3=Pokharel |first3=C. P. |last4=Sagar Baral |first4=H. |last5=Timmins |first5=R. |title=''Rucervus duvaucelii'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T4257A22167675 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T4257A22167675.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ARKBarasingha">{{cite web |url=http://www.arkive.org/barasingha/rucervus-duvaucelii/ |title=Barasingha (''Rucervus duvaucelii'') |website=[[ARKive]] |publisher=[[Wildscreen]] |access-date=March 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190206010147/http://www.arkive.org/barasingha/rucervus-duvaucelii/ |archive-date=February 6, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNEldsdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Gray |first1=T. N. E. |last2=Brook |first2=S. M. |last3=McShea |first3=W. J. |last4=Mahood |first4=S. |last5=Ranjitsingh |first5=M. K. |last6=Miyunt |first6=A. |last7=Hussain |first7=S. A. |last8=Timmins |first8=R. |title=''Rucervus eldii'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T4265A22166803 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4265A22166803.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ARKEldsdeer">{{cite web |url=http://www.arkive.org/elds-deer/cervus-eldii |title=Eld's deer (''Cervus eldii'') |website=[[ARKive]] |publisher=[[Wildscreen]] |access-date=March 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130226020423/http://www.arkive.org/elds-deer/cervus-eldii/ |archive-date=February 26, 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="HMW425426">[[#CITEREF_HMW|Wilson, Mittermeier]], p. 425–426</ref>
<ref name="IUCNSchomburgksdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Duckworth |first1=J. W. |last2=Robichaud |first2=W. |last3=Timmins |first3=R. |title=''Rucervus schomburgki'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T4288A79818502 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-3.RLTS.T4288A79818502.en}}</ref>

<ref name="IUCNVisayanspotteddeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Brook |first1=S. M. |title=''Rusa alfredi'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T4273A22168782 |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T4273A22168782.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ARKVisayanspotteddeer">{{cite web |url=http://www.arkive.org/visayan-spotted-deer/rusa-alfredi/info.html |title=Visayan spotted deer (''Rusa alfredi'') |website=[[ARKive]] |publisher=[[Wildscreen]] |access-date=March 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130112132226/http://www.arkive.org/visayan-spotted-deer/rusa-alfredi/info.html |archive-date=January 12, 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNPhilippinedeer">{{cite iucn |last1=MacKinnon |first1=J. R. |last2=Ong |first2=P. |last3=Gonzales |first3=J. |title=''Rusa marianna'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T4274A22168586 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4274A22168586.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ARKPhilippinedeer">{{cite web |url=http://www.arkive.org/philippine-brown-deer/rusa-marianna/info.html |title=Philippine brown deer Deer (''Rusa marianna'') |website=[[ARKive]] |publisher=[[Wildscreen]] |access-date=March 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091114154907/http://www.arkive.org:80/philippine-brown-deer/rusa-marianna/info.html |archive-date=November 14, 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="IUCNJavanrusa">{{cite iucn |last1=Hedges |first1=S. |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |last3=Timmins |first3=R. |last4=Semiadi |first4=G. |last5=Dryden |first5=G. |title=''Rusa timorensis'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T41789A22156866 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T41789A22156866.en}}</ref>
<ref name="Introduced430">[[#CITEREF_Introduced|John]], p. 430</ref>
<ref name="IUCNSambardeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Timmins |first1=R. |last2=Kawanishi |first2=K. |last3=Giman |first3=B |last4=Lynam |first4=A. |last5=Chan |first5=B. |last6=Steinmetz |first6=R. |last7=Sagar Baral |first7=H. |last8=Samba Kumar |first8=N. |title=''Rusa unicolor'' |errata=2015 |volume=2015 |page=e.T41790A22156247 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T41790A22156247.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ARKSambardeer">{{cite web |url=http://www.arkive.org/sambar-deer/rusa-unicolor/ |title=Sambar deer (''Rusa unicolor'') |website=[[ARKive]] |publisher=[[Wildscreen]] |access-date=March 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013221404/http://www.arkive.org:80/sambar-deer/rusa-unicolor/ |archive-date=October 13, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

<!-- HYDROPOTINAE -->

<ref name="IUCNWaterdeer">{{cite iucn |last1=Harris |first1=R. B. |last2=Duckworth |first2=J. W. |title=''Hydropotes inermis'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T10329A22163569 |date=2015 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T10329A22163569.en}}</ref>
<ref name="ADWWaterdeer">{{cite web |last1=Katopodes |first1=Demetra |title=''Hydropotes inermis'' |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hydropotes_inermis/ |date=1999 |website=[[Animal Diversity Web]] |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |access-date=March 12, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name="MamChina359">[[#CITEREF_MamChina|Smith, Xie]], p. 359</ref>
}}

==Sources==
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* {{cite book |title=The Deer and the Tiger: Study of Wild Life in India |last=Schaller |first=George B. |date=2009 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=978-0-226-73657-0 |ref=CITEREF_DeerTiger}}
* {{cite book |title=Mammals of China |date=2013 |editor-last1=Smith |editor-first1=Andrew T. |editor-last2=Xie |editor-first2=Yan |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-1-4008-4688-7 |ref=CITEREF_MamChina}}
* {{cite book |title=Handbook of the Mammals of the World |volume=2 (Hoofed Mammals) |editor-last1=Wilson |editor-first1=Don E. |editor-last2=Mittermeier |editor-first2=Russell A. |date=2011 |publisher=[[Lynx Edicions]] |isbn=978-84-96553-77-4 |ref=CITEREF_HMW}}
{{refend}}

{{Mammal lists}}

{{featured list}}
[[Category:Deer|.]]
[[Category:Lists of animal species|cervidae]]
[[Category:Lists of placental mammals|cervidae]]