M94 Group
| M94 Group | |
|---|---|
| File:Spiral Galaxy M94.jpg Messier 94, the brightest galaxy in the M94 Group. | |
| Observation data (Epoch J2000) | |
| Constellation(s) | Canes Venatici & Coma Berenices |
| Right ascension | [1][2] |
| Declination | [1][2] |
| Brightest member | M94,[2] M106,[1] |
| Number of galaxies | 16-24[3][1][2] |
| Other designations | |
| NGC 4736 Group,[4] Canes Venatici I Group,[4] Canes Venatici Cloud,[4] LGG 290,[1] NOGG H 617,[2] NOGG P1 636,[2] NOGG P2 647[2] | |
The M94 Group (also kown as Canes Venatici I Group or the Canes Venatici Cloud) is a loose, extended group of galaxies located about 13 million light-years away[5] in the constellations Canes Venatici and Coma Berenices. The group is one of many groups that lies within the Virgo Supercluster (i.e. the Local Supercluster)[6].
Although the galaxies in this cluster appear to be form a single large cloud-like structure, many of the galaxies within the group are only weakly gravitationally bound, and some have not yet formed stable orbits around the center of this group. Instead, most of the galaxies in this group appears to be moving with the expansion of the universe[7][5].
Members
The table below lists galaxies that have been consistently identified as group members in the Nearby Galaxies Catalog[3], the Lyons Groups of Galaxies (LGG) Catalog[1], and the three group lists created from the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample of Giuricin et al.[2].
| Name | Type[8] | R.A. (J2000)[8] | Dec. (J2000)[8] | Redshift (km/s)[8] | Apparent Magnitude[8] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IC 3687 | IAB(s)m | 12h 42m 15.1s | +38° 30′ 12″ | 354 ± 1 | 13.7 |
| IC 4182 | SA(s)m | 13h 05m 49.5s | +37° 36′ 18″ | 321 ± 1 | 13.0 |
| M94 | (R)SA(r)ab | 12h 50m 53.0s | +41° 07′ 14″ | 308 ± 1 | 9.0 |
| NGC 4144 | SAB(s)cd | 12h 09m 58.6s | +46° 27′ 26″ | 265 ± 1 | 12.1 |
| NGC 4190 | Im pec | 12h 13m 44.8s | +36° 38′ 03″ | 228 ± 1 | 13.4 |
| NGC 4214 | IAB(s)m | 12h 15m 39.2s | +36° 19′ 37″ | 291 ± 3 | 10.2 |
| NGC 4244 | SA(s)cd | 12h 17m 29.6s | +37° 48′ 26″ | 244 ± 0 | 10.9 |
| NGC 4395 | SA(s)m | 12h 25m 48.9s | +33° 32′ 48″ | 319 ± 1 | 10.6 |
| NGC 4449 | IBm | 12h 28m 11.9s | +44° 05′ 40″ | 207 ± 4 | 10.0 |
| UGC 6817 | Im | 11h 50m 53.0s | +38° 52′ 49″ | 242 ± 1 | 13.4 |
| UGC 7559 | IBm | 12h 27m 05.2s | +37° 08′ 33″ | 218 ± 5 | 14.2 |
| UGC 7577 | Im | 12h 27m 40.9s | +43° 29′ 44″ | 195 ± 0 | 12.8 |
| UGC 7698 | Im | 12h 32m 54.4s | +31° 32′ 28″ | 331 ± 1 | 13.0 |
| UGC 8320 | IBm | 13h 14m 27.9s | +45° 55′ 09″ | 192 ± 1 | 12.7 |
Additionally, NGC 4105 and UGC 8331 are frequently but not consistently identified as members of this group in the references cited above.
The brightest member in this galaxy group is questionable and partly depends on the analysis used to determine group members. The LGG Catalog identifies M106 as part of this group, which would make it the brightest galaxy within the group.[1] However, the other catalogs cited above do not identify M106 as a group member, in which case M94 would be the brightest galaxy within the group[3][2].
See also
- M96 Group - another group of galaxies that is similar in size to this one
- Sculptor Group - another nearby group of galaxies that is also weakly gravitationally bound
References
- ^ a b c d e f g A. Garcia (1993). "General study of group membership. II - Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 100: 47–90.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i G. Giuricin, C. Marinoni, L. Ceriani, A. Pisani (2000). "Nearby Optical Galaxies: Selection of the Sample and Identification of Groups". Astrophysical Journal. 543: 178–194.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c R. B. Tully (1988). Nearby Galaxies Catalog. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-35299-1.
- ^ a b c "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 4736 Group. Retrieved 2006-10-30.
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ a b I. D. Karachentsev (2005). "The Local Group and Other Neighboring Galaxy Groups". Astronomical Journal. 129: 178–188.
- ^ R. B. Tully (1982). "The Local Supercluster". Astrophysical Journal. 257: 389–422.
- ^ I. D. Karachentsev, M. E. Sharina, A. E. Dolphin, E. K. Grebel, D. Geisler, P. Guhathakurta, P. W. Hodge, V. E. Karachentseva, A. Sarajedini, P. Seitzer (2003). "Galaxy flow in the Canes Venatici I cloud". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 398: 467–477.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c d e "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for various galaxies. Retrieved 2006-11-06.