View source for Mexican Federal Highway 1

{{Short description|Highway in Mexico}}
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}
{{Infobox road
|country=MEX
|type=FH
|route=1
|alternate_name=Benito Juarez Transpeninsular Highway<br/>{{lang|es|Carretera Transpeninsular Benito Juarez}}
|maint=[[Secretariat of Communications and Transportation (Mexico)|Secretariat of Communications and Transportation]]
|length_km=1711
|length_round=0
|length_ref=
|established=
|direction_a=North
|terminus_a={{Jct|state=CA|I|5}} at [[Mexico–United States border]] near [[Tijuana]]
|junction=
*{{jct|state=BCN|FH|1D}} in Tijuana
*{{jct|state=BCN|FH|1D}} in [[Rosarito Beach]]
*{{jct|state=BCN|FH|1D}} in [[La Misión, Baja California|La Misión]]
*{{jct|state=BCN|FH|3}} in [[El Sauzal, Baja California|El Sauzal]]
*{{jct|state=BCN|FH|3}} in [[Ensenada, Baja California|Ensenada]]
*{{jct|state=BCN|FH|5}} in [[Chapala, Baja California|Chapala]]
*{{jct|state=BCN|FH|12}} in [[Punta Prieta, Baja California|Punta Prieta]]
*{{jct|state=BCS|FH|22}} in [[Ciudad Constitución]]
*{{jct|state=BCS|FH|11}} in [[La Paz, Baja California Sur|La Paz]]
*{{jct|state=BCS|FH|19}} in [[San Pedro, Baja California Sur|San Pedro]]
|direction_b=South
|terminus_b={{jct|state=BCS|FH|19}} in [[Cabo San Lucas]]
|states=[[Baja California]], [[Baja California Sur]]
|previous_type=FH
|previous_route=307
|next_type=FH
|next_route=1D
}}
[[File:Mex1Tijuana.jpg|thumb|The Av. Aquiles Serdan/Fed. 1 intersection]]
[[File:Mexico Highway1 San Diego.jpg|thumb|A sign on the Fed.&nbsp;1 displaying how to get to San Diego (2007)]]
[[File:Bienvenidos a Baja California road sign.jpg|thumb|"Bienvenidos a Baja California" state entrance road sign]]
'''Federal Highway 1''' ({{langx|es|'''Carretera Federal 1'''}}, '''Fed.&nbsp;1''') is a free (libre) part of the federal highway corridors ({{lang|es|los corredores carreteros federales}}) of Mexico, and the highway follows the length of the [[Baja California Peninsula]] from [[Tijuana]], Baja California, in the north to [[Cabo San Lucas]], Baja California Sur, in the south. The road connects with ''Via Rapida'', which merges into the American [[Interstate 5 in California|Interstate&nbsp;5]] (I-5) at the [[San Ysidro Port of Entry]], which crosses the [[Mexico–United States border|international border]] south of [[San Ysidro, San Diego|San Ysidro, California]].

Fed.&nbsp;1 is often called the ''Carretera Transpeninsular'' (Transpeninsular Highway) and runs a length of {{convert|1711|km|mi}} from Tijuana to Cabo San Lucas. Most of its course, particularly south of Ensenada, is as a two-lane rural highway. Completed in 1973, Fed. 1's official name is the [[Benito Juárez]] Transpeninsular Highway ({{lang|es|Carretera Transpeninsular Benito Juarez}}), named in honor of Mexico's president during the [[Second French intervention in Mexico|country's 1860s invasion by France]].

==Route description==
The road begins in the border city of [[Tijuana]], where it continues northward as [[Interstate 5]] at the [[San Ysidro Port of Entry]]. It is bypassed from here to [[Ensenada, Baja California|Ensenada]] by [[Mexican Federal Highway 1D|Fed.&nbsp;1D]], a toll road. Then, the road continues south past [[Maneadero]]. Much of it follows or passes near the route of [[Gaspar de Portolá|Portola]]'s march from [[Loreto, Baja California Sur|Loreto]] to [[San Diego]] during the establishment of the [[Spanish missions in Baja California]].

Federal highway corridors in Mexico are generally designated with even numbers for east–west routes and odd numbers for north–south routes. Numerical designations usually ascend southward away from the U.S. border for east–west routes and usually ascend eastward away from the Pacific Ocean for north–south routes. Therefore, Fed.&nbsp;1, due to its proximity to the Pacific Ocean, has the lowest possible odd number designation, and intersecting east–west federal highway corridors usually conform to this pattern.

Kilometer markers track the distance along Fed.&nbsp;1 through Baja California in four separate improved segments.  The first of these is the {{convert|109|km|mi|adj=on}} length from Tijuana to Ensenada, which is known informally as ''Mex 1 Libre'' to distinguish it from Fed.&nbsp;1D, the parallel toll road. The second portion of signed road runs {{convert|196|km|mi}} from Ensenada to San Quintín. The third segment comprises {{convert|128|km|mi}} from San Quintín to the [[Parador]] [[Punta Prieta, Baja California|Punta Prieta]] junction.  A final segment stretches {{convert|128|km|mi}} from Punta Prieta to the border of the state of Baja California Sur near [[Guerrero Negro]].  The total route of Fed.&nbsp;1 in Baja California is {{convert|713|km|mi|abbr=on}}.

Continuing south into the two Mexican states that comprise the Baja California peninsula, Guerrero Negro is the nearest community to the point where Fed.&nbsp;1 meets the [[28th parallel north]].  Afterward Fed.&nbsp;1 leaves the western coast and crosses to the eastern coast at Santa Rosalía.  The route continues southward past Puerto Escondido and gains altitude at Sierra de la Giganta, then veers southwest and through agricultural lands and Ciudad Constitución.  After crossing a desert the route encounters [[La Paz, Baja California Sur|La Paz]] on the eastern coast.  The route continues along the gulf side of the peninsula through San José del Cabo to its terminus at [[Cabo San Lucas]].

After crossing state lines the kilometer markers progress in the opposite direction.  Baja California signage count from north to south, but Baja California Sur signage count from south to north.  So in opposite order from the road signage, a progressive route southward would span {{convert|221|km|mi}} from Guerrero Negro to Santa Rosalía, {{convert|197|km|mi}} from Santa Rosalía to Loreto, {{convert|120|km|mi}} from Loreto to Ciudad Insurgentes, {{convert|240|km|mi}} from Ciudad Insurgentes to La Paz, and {{convert|224|km|mi}} from La Paz to Cabo San Lucas.

This highway also goes under the [[Cross Border Xpress]] terminal in Tijuana.

==Major intersections==
{{RJL|date=February 2023}}
===Baja California===
* <small>{{Coord|32|32|34.09|N|117|01|47.57|W|}}</small> [[United States–Mexico border]] ([[Tijuana]])
* <small>{{Coord|32|22|18.57|N|117|03|36.24|W|}}</small> [[Playas de Rosarito]]
* <small>{{Coord|31|52|12.01|N|116|37|12.00|W|}}</small> [[Ensenada, Baja California|Ensenada]]
* <small>{{Coord|31.7155|-116.5700}}</small> [[Maneadero]]
* <small>{{Coord|30|31|26.78|N|115|55|51.78|W|}}</small> [[San Quintín, Baja California|San Quintín]]
* <small>{{Coord|30|03|13.01|N|115|44|08.72|W|}}</small> [[El Rosario, Baja California|El Rosario]]
* <small>{{Coord|29|43|42.71|N|114|43|06.83|W|}}</small> [[Cataviña, Baja California|Cataviña]]
* <small>{{Coord|29|02|43.12|N|114|09|10.24|W|}}</small> [[Mexican Federal Highway 12|Fed.&nbsp;12]] to [[Bahía de los Ángeles]]
* <small>{{Coord|28|55|43.08|N|114|09|24.96|W|}}</small> [[Punta Prieta, Baja California|Punta Prieta]]
* <small>{{Coord|28|38|19.04|N|114|01|16.34|W|}}</small> [[Rosarito, Baja California|Rosarito]]
* <small>{{Coord|28|16|51.93|N|113|59|58.58|W|}}</small> [[Villa Jesús María, Baja California|Villa Jesús María]] and road to [[Sebastián Vizcaíno Bay]]
* <small>{{Coord|28|00|00.00|N|114|00|43.88|W|}}</small> State Line ([[Circle of latitude|28th parallel north]])

===Baja California Sur===
[[File:Jct Mex-1 San Ignacio BCS.jpg|thumb|Mexican Federal Highway 1 Junction in [[San Ignacio, Baja California Sur]].]]
* <small>{{Coord|27|58|02.14|N|114|00|51.85|W|}}</small> [[Guerrero Negro]]
* <small>{{Coord|27|18|05.50|N|112|52|44.30|W|}}</small> [[San Ignacio, Baja California Sur|San Ignacio]], road to [[San Ignacio Lagoon]]
* <small>{{Coord|27|20|04.64|N|112|15|55.38|W|}}</small> [[Santa Rosalía, Baja California Sur|Santa Rosalía]]
* <small>{{Coord|26|53|33.27|N|111|58|38.71|W|}}</small> [[Mulegé]]
* <small>{{Coord|26|00|27.09|N|111|21|02.07|W|}}</small> [[Loreto, Baja California Sur|Loreto]]
* <small>{{Coord|25|15|13.98|N|111|46|31.60|W|}}</small> [[Ciudad Insurgentes]]
* <small>{{Coord|25|01|30.66|N|111|40|11.23|W|}}</small> [[Ciudad Constitución]]
* <small>{{Coord|24|08|26.60|N|110|18|42.46|W|}}</small> [[La Paz, Baja California Sur|La Paz]]
* <small>{{Coord|23|55|28.89|N|110|15|53.21|W|}}</small> [[San Pedro, Baja California Sur|San Pedro]]
* <small>{{Coord|23|53|57.76|N|110|15|29.31|W|}}</small> [[Mexican Federal Highway 19|Fed.&nbsp;19]] to [[Todos Santos, Baja California Sur|Todos Santos]] & [[El Pescadero, Baja California Sur|El Pescadero]]; shortcut to [[Cabo San Lucas]]
* <small>{{Coord|23|48|33.82|N|110|03|26.66|W|}}</small> [[San Antonio, Baja California Sur|San Antonio]]
* <small>{{Coord|23|32|30.37|N|109|40|40.49|W|}}</small> [[Santiago, Baja California Sur|Santiago]]
* <small>{{Coord|23|09|21.30|N|109|42|29.64|W|}}</small> [[Los Cabos International Airport]] ''(at airport exit)''
* <small>{{Coord|23|02|40.35|N|109|42|21.06|W|}}</small> [[San José del Cabo]] - ''as Boulevard Mauricio Castro''
* <small>{{Coord|22|57|54.44|N|109|47|55.31|W|}}</small> [[Los Cabos Corridor]] ''(at transpeninsular monument)''
* <small>{{Coord|22|52|58.15|N|109|54|52.77|W|}}</small> [[Cabo San Lucas]] - ''as Boulevard Lázaro Cárdenas''

<br />{{Mexican Federal Highways}}


==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Mexican Federal Highways|001]]