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{{otheruses}}
{{otheruses}}
{{Taxobox
{{Taxobox
| name = Midges
| name = Midgets
| image = BitingMidge.jpg
| image = BitingMidget.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = A [[Ceratopogonidae|biting midge]] feeding on blood through an artificial membrane for insect rearing
| image_caption = A [[Ceratopogonidae|biting midge]] feeding on blood through an artificial membrane for insect rearing
Line 11: Line 11:
| subordo = [[Nematocera]]
| subordo = [[Nematocera]]
}}
}}
[[Image:MidgesInvadingToyotaCorolla.jpg|thumb|250px|Midges on a car]]
[[Image:MidgetsInvadingToyotaCorolla.jpg|thumb|250px|Midgets on a car]]
'''Midges''' comprise many kinds of very small two-winged flies, found mostly in Scotland, and in parts of North America. The term does not encapsulate a well-defined taxonomic group, but includes animals in several [[family (biology)|families]] of [[Nematocera|Nematoceran]] [[Diptera]]. The habits of midges vary greatly among the component families, which include:<ref>Merritt, R.W., and Cummins, K.W. (eds.), 1996. ''An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America''. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.</ref>
'''Midgets''' comprise many kinds of very small two-winged flies, found mostly in Scotland, and in parts of North America. The term does not encapsulate a well-defined taxonomic group, but includes animals in several [[family (biology)|families]] of [[Nematocera|Nematoceran]] [[Diptera]]. The habits of midgets vary greatly among the component families, which include:<ref>Merritt, R.W., and Cummins, K.W. (eds.), 1996. ''An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America''. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.</ref>


* [[Blephariceridae]], net-winged midges
* [[Blephariceridae]], net-winged midgets
* [[Cecidomyiidae]], gall midges
* [[Cecidomyiidae]], gall midgets
* [[Ceratopogonidae]], biting midges (also known as no-see-ums or punkies in [[North America]])
* [[Ceratopogonidae]], biting midgets (also known as no-see-ums or punkies in [[North America]])
* [[Chaoboridae]], phantom midges
* [[Chaoboridae]], phantom midgets
* [[Chironomidae]], non-biting midges (also known as muffleheads in the [[Great Lakes]] region of [[North America]])
* [[Chironomidae]], non-biting midgets (also known as muffleheads in the [[Great Lakes]] region of [[North America]])
* [[Deuterophlebiidae]], mountain midges
* [[Deuterophlebiidae]], mountain midgets
* [[Dixidae]], meniscus midges
* [[Dixidae]], meniscus midgets
* [[Scatopsidae]], dung midges
* [[Scatopsidae]], dung midgets
* [[Thaumaleidae]], solitary midges
* [[Thaumaleidae]], solitary midgets


== Disease-spreading midges ==
== Disease-spreading midgets ==


The [[Ceratopogonidae]] (biting midges) are serious biting pests, and can spread the livestock diseases [[Blue Tongue]] and [[African Horse Sickness]] &ndash; but the other midge families are not. Most midges, apart from the gall midges ([[Cecidomyiidae]]), are aquatic during the larval stage. Some [[Cecidomyiidae]] (e.g., the sorghum midge) are significant plant pest Midge is also a post pest. The larvae of some [[Chironomidae]] contain haemoglobin and are sometimes referred to as [[bloodworms]].<ref>Walker, I. R. 2001. Midges: Chironomidae and related Diptera. pp. 43-66, In: J. P. Smol, H. J. B. Birks, and W. M. Last (eds). Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments. Volume 4. Zoological Indicators. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.</ref>
The [[Ceratopogonidae]] (biting midgets) are serious biting pests, and can spread the livestock diseases [[Blue Tongue]] and [[African Horse Sickness]] &ndash; but the other midge families are not. Most midgets, apart from the gall midgets ([[Cecidomyiidae]]), are aquatic during the larval stage. Some [[Cecidomyiidae]] (e.g., the sorghum midget) are significant plant pest Midget is also a post pest. The larvae of some [[Chironomidae]] contain haemoglobin and are sometimes referred to as [[bloodworms]].<ref>Walker, I. R. 2001. Midgets: Chironomidae and related Diptera. pp. 43-66, In: J. P. Smol, H. J. B. Birks, and W. M. Last (eds). Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments. Volume 4. Zoological Indicators. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Gnat]]
* [[Gnat]]
* [[Mosquito]]
* [[Mosquito]]
* [[Highland midge]]
* [[Highland midget]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 23:53, 23 June 2010

For other uses, see Midge (disambiguation).

Midgets
File:BitingMidget.jpg
A biting midge feeding on blood through an artificial membrane for insect rearing
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Diptera
Suborder:
Nematocera
File:MidgetsInvadingToyotaCorolla.jpg
Midgets on a car

Midgets comprise many kinds of very small two-winged flies, found mostly in Scotland, and in parts of North America. The term does not encapsulate a well-defined taxonomic group, but includes animals in several families of Nematoceran Diptera. The habits of midgets vary greatly among the component families, which include:[1]

Disease-spreading midgets

The Ceratopogonidae (biting midgets) are serious biting pests, and can spread the livestock diseases Blue Tongue and African Horse Sickness – but the other midge families are not. Most midgets, apart from the gall midgets (Cecidomyiidae), are aquatic during the larval stage. Some Cecidomyiidae (e.g., the sorghum midget) are significant plant pest Midget is also a post pest. The larvae of some Chironomidae contain haemoglobin and are sometimes referred to as bloodworms.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ Merritt, R.W., and Cummins, K.W. (eds.), 1996. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.
  2. ^ Walker, I. R. 2001. Midgets: Chironomidae and related Diptera. pp. 43-66, In: J. P. Smol, H. J. B. Birks, and W. M. Last (eds). Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments. Volume 4. Zoological Indicators. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
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