Montastraea
| Great star coral | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Class: | Hexacorallia |
| Order: | Scleractinia |
| Family: | Montastraeidae Yabe & Sugiyama, 1941 |
| Genus: | Montastraea Blainville, 1830 |
| Species: | M. cavernosa
|
| Binomial name | |
| Montastraea cavernosa (Linnaeus, 1767)
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
List (Genus)
(Species)
| |
Montastraea is a genus of colonial stony coral found in the Caribbean seas. It is the only genus in the monotypic family Montastraeidae and is also a monotypic itself, being represented by the single species, Montastraea cavernosa, commonly known as great star coral. It forms into massive boulders and sometimes develops into plates. Its polyps are the size of a human thumb and fully extend at night.[1]
Description
Great star coral colonies form massive boulders and domes over 5 feet (1.5 m) in diameter in waters of shallow and moderate depths. In deeper waters, this coral has been observed growing as a plate formation. It is found throughout most reef environments, and is the predominant coral at depths of 40–100 feet (12.2-30.5 m).
This coral occasionally has a fluorescent red or orange color during daytime; it has recently been suggested that this hue is due to phycoerythrin, a cyanobacterial protein. It appears that, in addition to symbiotic zooxanthella, this coral harbors endocellular symbiotic cyanobacteria, possibly to help it fix nitrogen. However more recently, Oswold et al. (2007) showed an absence of functional phycoerythrin in M. cavernosa.[2]
References
- ^ "Common Corals of Florida". Retrieved 2008-05-29.
- ^ Oswald, Franz; Schmitt, Florian; Leutenegger, Alexandra; Ivanchenko, Sergey; D'Angelo, Cecilia; Salih, Anya; Maslakova, Svetlana; Bulina, Maria; Schirmbeck, Reinhold; Nienhaus, G. U.; Matz, Mikhail V.; Wiedenmann, Jörg (2007). "Contributions of host and symbiont pigments to the coloration of reef corals". FEBS Journal. 274: 1102–1122. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05661.x.