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{{Short description|Surface branch of the French Navy}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2009}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= Naval Action Force<br>Force d'action navale
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|dates= 1992<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DVAjpPWj34k | title=30 ans de la Force d'action navale | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref> - present
|country={{flag|France}}
|branch={{navy|France}}
|type= Surface warship force
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|garrison= [[Toulon]]
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The '''''Force d'action navale''''' (FAN, Naval Action Force) is the 9,600-man and about 100-ship force of surface warships of the [[French Navy]]. As of August 2023, it is commanded by L’amiral Nicolas Vaujour.

The ships are divided into seven categories:
* The aeronaval group, which has the aircraft carrier {{ship|French aircraft carrier|Charles de Gaulle|R91|2}} at its core
* The [[amphibious warfare|amphibious]] group, directed by "Projection and Command vessels" (currently ships of the {{sclass|Mistral|amphibious assault ship|4}})
* [[Frigate]]s, which act either as protection for the strategic groups, or alone in monitoring, survey, presence, rescue or deterrence missions
* [[Minesweeper]]s
* "Sovereignty" ships, which are deployed overseas and act as presence and prevention forces
* Support vessels
* Public service ships, hydrographic and oceanographic vessels

==The aeronaval group==
The aeronaval group is the main French Navy power projection force. It is also one of the components of the nuclear deterrence forces, since the embarked [[Dassault Super Étendard|Super Étendard]] and [[Dassault Rafale|Rafale]] planes have nuclear capabilities.

At minimum, it contains a single aircraft carrier, {{ship|French aircraft carrier|Charles de Gaulle|R91|2}}, an anti-air [[frigate]], and a support vessel. Typically, this group also includes several anti-air and anti-submarine frigates, [[SSN (hull classification symbol)|nuclear attack submarines]] ({{sclass|Rubis|submarine|1}}s or [[Barracuda-class submarine (France)|Barracuda-class submarines]]), and possibly additional support ships.

The carrier air group can include up to 40 aircraft: [[Dassault Rafale|Rafale]], [[Dassault Super Étendard|Super Étendard]] and [[E-2 Hawkeye]] planes; [[NH90|NH90 Caïman Marine]], [[Eurocopter Dauphin|AS365 Dauphin]] and [[Eurocopter AS565 Panther|AS565 Panther]] helicopters. This composition varies according to the mission and the tactical environment, and can include aircraft of the [[French Army Light Aviation|''ALAT'' (Army)]] or the [[French Air Force|''Armée de l'Air'' (Air Force)]].

Like any naval force, the aeronaval group can be assisted by land-based [[Breguet Atlantique]] aircraft.

The aircraft carrier {{ship|French aircraft carrier|Clemenceau||2}} formed the core of the French Navy's battle force for many years.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ffaa.net/ships/aircraft-carrier/clemenceau/history.htm |title=CV Clemenceau |website=ffaa.net |access-date=6 May 2021}}</ref>

One of the aeronaval group's deployments was to take part in the initial attacks on [[Al-Qaeda]] and the [[Taliban]] in [[Afghanistan]] as part of what became the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|War in Afghanistan]], in response to the [[September 11, 2001 attacks|September 11 attacks]]. The group, designated [[Task force|Task Force]] 473 for the operation, comprised 2,900 men under the command of [[Counter Admiral|Contre-Amiral]] François Cluzel and sailed in December 2001. It consisted of the nuclear aircraft carrier ''Charles De Gaulle'', frigates {{ship|French frigate|La Motte-Picquet||2}}, {{ship|French frigate|Jean de Vienne||2}}, {{ship|French frigate|Jean Bart||2}}, the nuclear attack submarine {{ship|French submarine|Rubis|S601|2}}, the tanker {{ship|French tanker|Meuse||2}}, and the{{sclass|D'Estienne d'Orves|aviso}} {{ship|French aviso|Commandant Ducuing||2}}. The [[Indian Ocean]] region deployment lasted for seven months before the group returned to [[France]] in mid-2002.

The number 473 seems to be semi-permanently assigned to ''Charles de Gaulle'' and its task group, being used again during [[Operation Agapanthe]] in 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.netmarine.net/bat/porteavi/cdg/hist2004.htm |title=Historique du Charles de Gaulle (année 2004) |language=fr |publisher=netmarine.net |date=2004 |access-date=22 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129074908/http://www.netmarine.net/bat/porteavi/cdg/hist2004.htm |archive-date=29 November 2014 }}</ref>

During the [[2011 Libyan civil war]], the French carrier battle group commanded from ''Charles de Gaulle'' was designated Task Force 473 and was under the command of Vice-Admiral Phillippe Coindreau.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mysinchew.com/node/55197 |title=Libya op in full swing on French aircraft carrier |last=Azarro |first=Cecile |publisher=Mysinchew.com |date=26 March 2011 |access-date=22 November 2014}}</ref> Coindreau was promoted to contre-amiral in September 2009, and he was named deputy commandant of the aéro-maritime force of rapid réaction at [[Toulon]]. In English-language reports, he was described as deputy commander of the High Readiness Force Maritime Headquarters.

On 29 December 2013, Task Force 473, led by the aircraft carrier ''Charles de Gaulle'', and comprising the destroyer {{ship|French frigate|Forbin|D620|2}}, frigate ''Jean de Vienne'', and the replenishment oiler ''Meuse'' met [[Carrier Strike Group Ten]] for an exercise in the [[Gulf of Oman]].<ref>{{cite web | title= U.S., French Navies Work Together to Ensure Security, Stability | url= http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=78501 | work= NNS140104-01 | publisher= USS Harry S. Truman (CVN-75) Public Affairs | date= 4 January 2014 | access-date=4 January 2014}}</ref> Carrier Strike Group Ten comprises the aircraft carrier {{USS|Harry S. Truman}}, guided-missile cruisers {{USS|Gettysburg|CG-64|6}} and {{USS|San Jacinto|CG-56|6}} and guided-missile destroyers {{USS|Bulkeley|DDG-84|6}}, {{USS|Carney|DDG-64|6}}, {{USS|Hopper|DDG-70|6}}, and {{USS|Mason|DDG-87|6}}.

In November 2015, Task Force 473 sailed again to strike Islamic State targets in Syria and Iraq. The composition of the task force is French, however, the British destroyer {{HMS|Defender|D36|6}} and a frigate from the Belgian Navy, {{ship|Belgian frigate|Leopold I|F930|2}}, sailed as part of the group.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.colsbleus.fr/articles/7674 |title=Mission Arromanches 2 : Déploiment du GAN en Méditerranée orientale et dans l'Océan Indien |website=colsbleus.fr |language=fr |date=18 November 2015 |access-date=19 November 2015}}</ref>

==The amphibious group==
[[Image:FS Mistral 02.jpg|thumb|''Mistral''-class landing platform assault {{ship|French ship|Tonnerre|L9014|2}}]]
The French Navy operates three large amphibious ships ({{sclass|Mistral|amphibious assault ship|0}} amphibious assault ships), which contain smaller landing craft. Aboard are helicopters, troops, and land vehicles.

The force also operates smaller landing craft which are either carried on board the ''Mistral''-class ships or based in overseas territories. 14 EDA-S Amphibious Standard Landing Craft (Engins de Débarquement Amphibie – Standards) have been ordered to replace [[Chaland de transport de matériel|CTM landing craft]] carried on the [[Mistral-class amphibious assault ship|''Mistral''-class helicopter assault ships]] and to restore a light amphibious transport capability to French naval forces protecting certain of its overseas territories ([[Mayotte]], [[New Caledonia]], [[Martinique]] and [[French Guiana]]) and for operations around [[Djibouti]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/2021/november/11062-french-navy-receives-two-eda-s-amphibious-standard-landing-crafts.html|title = French Navy receives two EDA-S Amphibious Standard Landing Crafts}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/11/first-two-eda-s-next-gen-amphibious-landing-crafts-delivered-to-french-dga/|title=First Two EDA-S Next Gen Amphibious Landing Craft Delivered to French DGA|date=25 November 2021}}</ref> Deliveries of these landing craft were initiated in 2021 and will continue up to 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/defence/latest/french-navy-eda-s-landing-craft-successfully-conclude-end-user-evaluations|title = French Navy EDA-S landing craft successfully conclude end-user evaluations}}</ref>

The amphibious groups include one or several landing craft (EDAR and CTM) which allow the projection of inter-arm groups with troops, vehicles and helicopters. They can carry [[Aérospatiale Puma|Puma]], [[Eurocopter Cougar|Cougar]] and [[NH90|NH-90 Caïman Marine]] transport helicopters or [[Aérospatiale Gazelle|Gazelle]] and [[Eurocopter Tiger|Tigre]] combat helicopters, the ''[[Naval commandos (France)|Commandos Marine]]'', minesweeping units, or Army units.

Commander French Maritime Forces (COMFRMARFOR) advises ALFAN, the Admiral in command of the Naval Action Force, and when operational at sea commands from the TCDs.<ref>[http://www.defense.gouv.fr/marine_uk/enjeux_marine/marine_et_societe/comfrmarfor/comfrmarfor Ministère de la Défense] {{dead link|date=November 2014}}</ref>

==Destroyers and frigates==
[[File:FS Surcouf.jpg|thumb|{{sclass|La Fayette|frigate|2}}]]
{{Main|List of French current frigates}}
The destroyers and frigates are the backbone of the French surface fleet. The French Navy does not officially use the term "destroyer" but rather classifies these vessels as "first-rate frigates". Nevertheless, they are identified with the NATO "D" designation which ranks them in the destroyer class, instead of ranking them with an "F" designation as frigates. As of 2023, all French warships are having their hull numbers removed in order to reduce the ability to identify individual ships.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/defense/marine-nationale-l-anonymisation-n-ira-pas-jusqu-aux-bachis|title=Marine nationale : l’anonymisation n’ira pas jusqu’aux bâchis |work=Mer et Marine |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |date=17 March 2023|access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/defense/deux-fregates-du-type-fremm-anonymisees-l-une-a-cote-de-l-autre-trouvez-les-differences|title=Deux frégates du type FREMM anonymisées l'une à côté de l'autre, trouvez les différences ! |work=Mer et Marine |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |date=6 March 2023|access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref>

Destroyers/frigates secure aero-naval space and allow free action to the other components of the Navy. They are specialised according to the threat, typically escorting other forces (aeronaval or amphibious groups, submarines or civil ships). As of 2024 the principal surface combatants of the force consisted of:

* The four anti-air destroyers/frigates: Two {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate|5}} and two [[FREMM multipurpose frigate|''Aquitaine'']] air defence variant of the FREMM-class of frigate are designed to protect the aeronaval group against air threats. The final two of a total of eight ''Aquitaine''-class frigates are built with enhanced air defence capabilities but drop the land-attack capabilities of the ASW variants. Nevertheless, they retain the ASW sensors and capabilities of this class of vessel.
* The six anti-submarine (ASW) variant destroyers/frigates of the ''Aquitaine'' (FREMM) class: They carry both hull-mounted and towed sonars and [[NHIndustries NH90|NH-90 Caïman Marine]] or [[Eurocopter AS565 Panther]] helicopters, and have anti-ship, land-attack and anti-air capabilities. 
* The five {{sclass|La Fayette|frigate|2}}s are used primarily as presence ships, to patrol national and international waters, and to take part in operations outside of Europe. They can therefore act in cooperation with international intervention, protection, special operation or humanitarian missions. They carry AS565 Panther helicopters.
* The six {{sclass|Floréal|frigate|2}}s are used primarily for patrolling the territorial waters of France's overseas territories. While the ships themselves do not carry anti-submarine sensors, they are able to carry a single AS565 Panther for anti-submarine warfare if required and available.

==Minesweepers==
[[Image:Commando jauber3.jpg|thumb|[[Naval commandos (France)|Commandos de Marine]]]]
[[Image:Rafale-060427-N-2959L-196.jpg|thumb|[[Dassault Rafale]] fighter aircraft]]
The minesweepers secure major French harbours, especially for the [[ballistic missile submarine]]s ([[Strategic Oceanic Force]]) in [[Brest, France|Brest]], and the [[SSN (U.S. Navy)|attack submarines]] in [[Toulon]]. They also stay available to secure access to [[Toulon]], [[Marseille]], any of the harbours of the Atlantic coast, and any Allied harbour simultaneously.

They are designed to be used within a larger group, interallied or international, in case of mine risks near coasts.

In peacetime, these units can bring help and assistance to civilian ships, or search wrecks.

This force includes 1,100 men and:
* 9 minehunters
* 3 minesweeping diver groups for shallow waters.
* Several sonar ships which secure the area around Brest harbour
* One command and support ship

==Sovereignty vessels==
These 65 vessels (as of 2019) patrol harbors, territorial waters, and the world's largest [[exclusive economic zone]] (EEZ), including enforcing fishing, environmental, and criminal laws, and conducting or supporting recovery operations.

Six {{sclass|Floréal|frigate|1}}s perform sovereignty tasks, mainly by controlling the large French EEZ, carrying out police action, and monitoring fishing activities. They operate in low-risk environments. All six are based overseas (two at Réunion, two at Martinique, one in French Polynesia, and one in New Caledonia)

The [[D'Estienne d'Orves-class aviso|A-69 avisos]] were originally designed to counter conventional submarines, especially in coastal defence. Instead of decommissioning all 17 as planned, by 2011, nine were stripped of heavy weaponry and converted to offshore patrol vessel (''Patrouilleur de haute-mer'' or PHM). While based in metropolitan France, they conduct routine deployments to the Gulf of Guinea, the Indian Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, and the Pacific Ocean, replacing eight of the original P400-class OPVs. As of 2024, five of the PHMs remain in service, with replacements (the “Patrouilleurs Hauturiers” - PH) being designed to enter service from 2026 and operate primarily in the waters of Metropolitan France.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/defense/la-marine-nationale-n-obtiendrait-que-7-nouveaux-patrouilleurs-hauturiers-au-lieu-des-10 |title=La Marine nationale n'obtiendrait que 7 nouveaux patrouilleurs hauturiers au lieu des 10 prévus|last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |website=Mer et Marine |date=13 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/event-news/euronaval-2020/2020/10/euronaval-first-details-of-the-patrouilleurs-oceanique-po-platform-unveiled/ |title=Euronaval: First Details Of The Patrouilleurs Océanique (PO) Platform Unveiled |work=Naval News |date=23 October 2020 |access-date=21 May 2021 }}</ref>

Prior to 2011, ten P400-class OPVs operated in pairs at Réunion, Martinique, French Guiana, French Polynesia, and New Caledonia. All have been retired as of 2023. They are being replaced in the waters of France's overseas territories in the Pacific and Indian Ocean by a new class of vessel, the [[Patrouilleur Outre-mer]] (POM class) which is entering service between 2023 and 2026.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.opex360.com/2024/07/18/le-patrouilleur-outre-mer-teriieroo-a-teriierooiterai-a-ete-admis-au-service-actif/ |title=Le patrouilleur outre-mer « Teriieroo a Teriierooiterai » a été admis au service actif |work=zone militaire |last=Lagneau |first=Laurent |language=fr |date=18 July 2024 |access-date=16 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/la-livraison-du-premier-patrouilleur-doutre-mer-repoussee-2023 |title=La livraison du premier patrouilleur d'outre-mer repoussée à 2023 |work=Mer et Marine |language=French |date=21 May 2021 |access-date=21 May 2021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2020/10/socarenam-begins-construction-on-french-navys-pom-opv/ |title=SOCARENAM Begins Construction On French Navy's POM OPV |work=Naval News |date=9 October 2020 |access-date=21 May 2021 }}</ref>

Three vessels: ''Flamant'', ''Cormoran'', and ''Pluvier'' fill similar roles of patrolling beyond territorial waters out of metropolitan France. They are to be replaced in these roles from 2026 by the PH-class vessels.

Three [[Confiance-class patrol vessel|''Patrouilleur Antilles Guyane'']] (PAG), are based in French Guiana and Martinique replacing the former P 400s.

There are also two unique patrol vessels (''Le Malin'' at Réunion and ''Fulmar'' for Saint Pierre and Miquelon) which are ex-trawlers fulfilling patrol missions in their respective areas. ''Le Malin'' is to be replaced by 2025 by a POM-class vessel, while an additional POM-class ships are to further reinforce the French naval presence in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific.

The patrol boats of the ''[[Gendarmerie Maritime]]'' carry out law enforcement operations primarily in ports and coastal waters. These include six {{convert|32|m|adj=on}} coastal patrol boats (''Patrouilleur côtier de Gendarmerie maritime'' or PCGM), based in Cherbourg (2), Lorient, Toulon, Guadeloupe, and French Polynesia. There are twenty-four {{convert|20|m|adj=on}} coastal surveillance launches (''vedette côtière de surveillance maritime''), nineteen deployed around metropolitan France and five deployed overseas, generally responding to both maritime and departmental prefects for law enforcement in coastal waters. Eight {{convert|12|m|adj=on}} launches (''vedette de sûreté maritime et portuaire''), are located in Le Havre, Cherbourg, Brest, Marseilles, and Toulon.

Four overseas support and assistance vessels (''bâtiments de soutien et d'assistance outre-mer'') of the {{sclass|D'Entrecasteaux|patrol ship|4}} have been constructed and deployed to New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Réunion, and Martinique.

Four home support and assistance vessels (''bâtiments de soutien et d'assistance métropolitains'') of the ''Loire'' class have been constructed and deployed to Brest and Toulon (with two in each port).

==Support ships==
[[File:Dupuy-de-Lome-photo10.jpg|thumb|right|''Dupuy de Lôme'']]
[[File:FS Monge.jpg|thumb|right|''Monge'']]
The support ships allow the French naval forces to be present anywhere on the planet, regardless of the remoteness of their bases. These ships operate independently or are integrated into tactical groups. They shuttle between harbours and fleets, giving them months of operational capabilities by feeding fuel, ammunition, food, water, spare parts and mail. A class of up to four new underway support ships, the [[Bâtiment ravitailleur de forces|Jacques Chevallier]]-class, began service entry in 2023.

There is also one permanent mechanics ship, ''Jules Verne'', which can repair other ships. The spy ship [[French ship Dupuy de Lôme (A759)|''Dupuy de Lôme'']] is used for [[Signals intelligence|intelligence gathering]] and the tracking ship {{ship|French ship|Monge|A601|2}} is used to develop new weapon systems, especially those related to nuclear deterrence.

==Hydrographic and oceanographic vessels==
One hydro-oceanographic and three hydrographic ships help carrying out mapping and research operations, as well as gathering intelligence which could prove useful to the deployment of naval forces and their weapon systems. They are operated by the ''[[service hydrographique et océanographique de la marine]]'' (SHOM).

== See also ==
* [[List of active French Navy ships]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

{{French Navy Vehicle}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Force D'action Navale}}
[[Category:French naval components]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1995]]