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{{Infobox family|name=Princely House of Odoyev|native_name=Князья Одоевские|native_name_lang=Russian|other_names=Odoyevsky|coat_of_arms=Odoevski_I,4.png|coat_of_arms_size=200px|coat_of_arms_caption=The coat of arms features the heraldic emblem of [[Chernigov]] (thus highlighting descent from St. [[Mikhail of Chernigov]])|type=royal/princely family|origin=[[Chernigov]], [[Kievan Rus]]|parent_family=House of Chernigov, [[Rurik dynasty]]|founded=1376|founder=Prince Roman Semyonovich of Novosil
Prince Yuri Romanovich Odoyevsky the Black|dissolution=1869|final_ruler=|estate=Bolshevo in [[Korolyov, Moscow Oblast]]|deposition=1494}}

The '''House of Odoyev''' ({{langx|ru|Одо{{acute}}евские}}, {{langx|pl|Odojewscy}}) was a branch of the [[Olgovichi]] princely family descended from [[Michael of Chernigov]] via the sovereign princes of [[Odoyev]] and [[Novosil]]. Their ancestors were the [[Upper Oka Principalities|Upper Oka sovereigns]] who ruled the tiny [[Principality of Odoyev]] until 1494. In the following decade the family was absorbed into the ranks of [[Grand Duchy of Moscow|Muscovite]] [[boyar]]s. The Odoyevsky family died out in the mid-19th century. The family was listed in the 5th part ('titled nobility') of the [[dvoryanstvo]] registers of the Moscow and Vladimir regions.<ref name=":0">Федорченко В. Дворянские роды, прославившие Отечество. Энциклопедия дворянских родов. ОЛМА Медиа Групп, 2003.</ref>

== History ==
The princely House of Odoyev dates from 1376, when Prince [[:ru:Роман Семёнович (князь новосильский)|Roman Semyonovich of Novosil]] moved his seat from [[Novosil]] (in the present-day [[Oryol Oblast]]) to [[Odoyev]] (in the present-day [[Tula Oblast]]) after [[Mamai]]'s [[Golden Horde|Tatars]] destroyed the town of Novosil in 1375.<ref>Беспалов Р. А. Новосильско-Одоевское княжество и Орда в контексте международных отношений в Восточной Европе XIV – начала XVI веков // Средневековая Русь. Вып. 11. Проблемы политической истории и источниковедения / Отв. редактор А. А. Горский. – М.: «Индрик», 2014. – С. 269.</ref> According to the [[Velvet Book]], the family traced their lineage from Prince [[Michael of Chernigov]] ({{circa | 1185}} – 1246), [[Kievan Rus'|Grand Duke of Kiev]] and [[Principality of Chernigov|Chernigov]], a saint of the [[Russian Orthodox Church]].<ref>Бархатная книга/http://krotov.info/acts/17/krizhanich/barhat.html</ref>

Up until the late 1400s, the House of Novosil and Odoyev played off [[Grand Duchy of Moscow|Moscow]] against the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] and the [[Golden Horde]]. Through the 15th century, the House of Odoyev concluded many treaties with Lithuania under the condition of internal autonomy and independence in their politics towards Moscow and [[Principality of Ryazan|Ryazan]].<ref>Беспалов Р. А. Литовско-одоевский договор 1459 года: обстоятельства и причины заключения // Istorijos šaltinių tyrimai T. 4. Vilnius: Lietuvos istorijos instituto leidykla, 2012.</ref>

The first [[appanage]] prince of Odoyev was [[:ru:Юрий Романович Чёрный|Yuriy Romanovich Odoyevsky]], nicknamed "the Black" (d. 1427). In 1494 he submitted to Duke [[Ivan III of Russia|Ivan III of Moscow]] and the Princes of Odoyev became vassal "serving princes" (''sluzhilye kniazya'') at the Moscow court.<ref>Серова Л. Невелик городок Одоев//Наука и жизнь. №8, 1999/https://www.nkj.ru/archive/articles/9564/</ref> In the late 1500s, the Odoyevsky princes finally lost their principality to [[Ivan the Terrible]] ({{reign | 1533 | 1584}}) and entered the regular [[boyar]] aristocracy.

In the 16th and 17th centuries the Odoyevsky family served at the Moscow court as [[boyar]]s and [[voivode]]s. The house produced 13 boyars.<ref name=":0" /> The voivodes from the Odoyevsky family participated in many battles of the 16th century, and were especially notable in the battles with the Tatars and in the 1552 [[Siege of Kazan|Kazanian Campaign]] of Ivan the Terrible. Prince Nikita Romanovich Odoevsky (d. 1573) entered the [[Oprichnina]] of 1565–1572. As a boyar and a member of the Oprichnina, he served as a [[leader]] in many battles. He was the voivode at the [[Battle of Molodi]] (1572), fighting against the [[Crimean Khanate|Crimean Khan]] [[Devlet I Giray]]. He headed the troops in the 1572 battle with the [[Cheremis|Cherimisy]] after their uprising<ref name=":1">Одоевский, князь Никита Романович // Русский биографический словарь: В 25 т. / под наблюдением А. А. Половцова. 1896—1918., 167</ref> in the {{ill|Second Cheremis War|ru|Вторая черемисская война}}. In 1573, soon after he was appointed the voivode on the Oka, he suddenly fell from grace, was captured and tortured to death.<ref name=":1" />  His grandson, Prince {{ill|Nikita Ivanovich Odoyevsky|ru|Одоевский, Никита Иванович}} ({{circa| 1605}} – 1689), served as {{Lang|ru-latn|namestnik}} ({{langx |ru| наместник}} - [[viceroy]]) in [[Astrakhan]] and in [[Vladimir, Russia|Vladimir]], ran the ''[[Prikaz]]'' (ministry) of Siberia and the ''Prikaz'' of the [[Kazan]]ian palace.<ref name=":0" /> He supervised the making of the Code of 1649 (''[[Sobornoye Ulozheniye]]''), was the head of the Grand Treasury and the Ministries of the [[Reiter]] ([[:ru:Рейтарский приказ]]) and [[Inozemsky Prikaz|Foreign Regiments]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1682 he signed the decree annulling the [[mestnichestvo]].<ref name=":0" />
[[File:Nikita Odoevski.jpg|left|thumb|210x210px|Prince and boyar Nikita Ivanovich Odoyevsky]]

In the 18th and 19th centuries the Odoyevsky family formed part of the highest aristocracy. However, despite their illustrious background, the members of the family occupied relatively mediocre ranks and offices, becoming (for example) as colonels, ministerial officials and junior generals, while many family members held regular junior officers' ranks.<ref name=":0" /> Prince [[Alexander Odoevsky|Alexander Ivanovich Odoyevsky]] (1802–1839), a [[Cornet (rank)|cornet]] in the [[Russian Guards|Imperial guards]], was a member of the {{ill|Decembrists' Northern Society|ru|Северное тайное общество}} and took part in the [[Decembrist revolt|revolt]] of 1825.<ref name=":0" /> He was sentenced to [[katorga]], but in 1837 he was transferred to the [[Caucasus]] with the rank of private.<ref name=":0" /> The last member of the Odoyevsky family, [[Vladimir Odoyevsky|Vladimir Fyodorovich Odoyevsky]] (1803–1869) was a writer, philosopher and a musical critic; he served as an employee at a series of institutions; from 1846 he was the assistant to the head of the Russian [[Imperial Public Library]] and the [[curator]] of the [[Rumyantsev Museum]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1861 he was appointed a [[Governing Senate|Senator]].<ref name=":0" /> He died childless.<ref name=":0" /> 
[[File:A.I.Odoevsky.JPG|thumb|215x215px|Decembrist [[Alexander Odoevsky|Alexander Odoyevsky]], 1833.]]

In 1878 the Emperor [[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]] allowed staff-[[Rittmeister|rotmister]] of the Imperial guards, Nikolay Maslov (1849–1919), the son of Sofia Ivanovna Odoyevskaya, to name himself ''Odoyevsky-Maslov'', and to merge his own coat-of-arms with that of his mother's family to pass it down to his senior male descendants.<ref name=":0" /> Later {{ill|Nikolay Odoyevsky-Maslov|ru|Одоевский-Маслов, Николай Николаевич}} became a [[General of the Cavalry]] (1914) and the appointed [[ataman]] (1905–1907) of the [[Don Cossacks|Don Cossack]] troops; however, he also died childless.<ref name=":0" />

== Notable members ==

* [[:ru:Роман Семёнович (князь новосильский)|Prince Roman Semyonovich of Novosil and Odoyev]] (d. 1402) was the founder of the sovereign Duchy of Odoyev. 
* [[:ru:Василий Романович (князь новосильский)|Prince Vasily Romanovich of Novosil and Odoyev]] (d. before 1450) was the founder of the royal House of [[Belyov]].
* [[:ru:Лев Романович (князь новосильский)|Prince Lev Romanovich of Novosil and Odoyev]] (d. before 1450) was the founder of the royal [[Vorotynsky|House of Vorotynsk]].
* [[:ru:Юрий Романович Чёрный|Prince Yury Romanovich the Black Odoyevsky]] (d. 1427) was the first actual appanage prince of Odoyev, vassal to Muscovy..
*[[:ru:Одоевский, Иван Семёнович|Prince Ivan Semyonovich Sukhoruk Odoyevsky]] (d. 1508) was the first prince of Odoyev who submitted to the Duchy of Moscow. Since that time the family lost their sovereignty.
* [[:ru:Одоевский, Никита Романович|Prince Nikita Romanovich Odoyevsky]] (d. 1573) was a boyar and a member of [[Oprichnina]], participated in many battles as a voivode. He was executed by [[Ivan the Terrible]] in 1573.
* [[:ru:Одоевский, Иван Никитич Большой|Prince Ivan Nikitich Odoevsky Mnikha, the Elder]] (d. 1616) was a prominent figure in the [[Time of Troubles|Time of Trouble]]. In 1598 he was one of the electors of [[Boris Godunov]] on the throne. In 1606 he was given the rank of boyar by [[False Dmitry I]]. Then he alleged to [[Vasili IV of Russia|Vasily Shuysky]], but when the latter was dethroned, he submitted to Prince [[Władysław IV Vasa|Wladislaw IV Vasa]]. He was the voivode in [[Veliky Novgorod|Novgorod]] when the throne was occupied by [[Michael of Russia|Michael Romanov.]] He promised to submit to King [[Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden]], but died before Novgorod was returned to Moscow.
* [[:ru:Одоевский, Иван Никитич Меньшой|Prince Ivan Nikitich Odoyevsky, the Younger]] (d. 1629) was a boyar and voivode, took part in electing [[Michael of Russia|Michael Romanov]] on the throne.

[[File:Vladimir Odoyevsky 1.jpg|thumb|228x228px|Writer [[Vladimir Odoyevsky]], the last male descendant of the family]]

*[[:ru:Одоевский, Иван Васильевич|Prince Ivan Vasilyevich Odoyevsky]] (1710–1768) was the president of the [[:ru:Вотчинная коллегия|Votchina College]] (1741–1744).
*[[:ru:Одоевский, Иван Сергеевич|Prince Ivan Sergeevich Odoyevsky]] (1769–1839) was a Russian [[major general]], the chief of the [[Ingria|Ingermanland]] [[Dragoon]] regiment.
*[[:ru:Одоевский, Александр Иванович|Prince Alexander Ivanovich Odoyevsky]] (1803–1839) was a poet, a member of the Decembrist circle, a participant in the [[Decembrist revolt|Revolt of 1825]].
*[[Vladimir Odoyevsky|Prince Vladimir Fyodorovich Odoyevsky]] (1803–1869) was the last direct male descendant of the princely House of Odoyev, a writer, philosopher and critic. He died childless and the House of Odoyevsky got extinct.
*[[:ru:Одоевский-Маслов, Николай Николаевич|Nikolay Nikolayevich Odoyevsky-Maslov]] (1849–1919) was a Russian general of Cavalry, an [[Adjutant general|Adujutant general]], the interim [[ataman]] of the Cossack troops. He was the maternal descendant of the Odoyevsky family, but also died childless.

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Russian noble families]]
[[Category:Olgovichi family]]
[[Category:Russian royal houses]]