Paihia
Paihia | |
|---|---|
  Paihia .svg) Paihia | |
| Coordinates: 35°16′56″S 174°5′28″E / 35.28222°S 174.09111°E | |
| Country |  New Zealand |
| Region | Northland Region |
| District | Far North District |
| Population (June 2018)[1] | |
| • Total | 2,010 |
| Postcode(s) | 0200 |
Paihia is the main tourist town in the Bay of Islands in the far north of the North Island of New Zealand. It is 60 kilometres north of Whangarei, located close to the historic towns of Russell and Kerikeri. Missionary Henry Williams named the mission station Marsden's Vale[2][3] and eventually the Paihia became the accepted name of the settlement.
Nearby to the north is the historic settlement of Waitangi, and the residential and commercial area of Haruru Falls is to the west. The port and township of Opua, and the small settlement of Te Haumi, lie to the south. The population of Paihia was 1719 in the 2013 Census, a decrease of 54 from 2006.[4]
History and culture
Origin of the Name
The origin of the name "Paihia" is unclear. A popular attribution, most likely apocryphal, is that when Reverend Henry Williams first arrived in the Bay of Islands searching for a location for his mission station, he told his Māori guide, "Pai here," meaning "Good here," as his Māori vocabulary was limited. [5] [6]
European settlement
Henry Williams[3] and his wife Marianne[2] settled in Paihia in 1823 and built the first church there the same year. William Williams and his wife Jane joined the Paihia mission in 1826.[3] Bishop William Grant Broughton (the first and only Bishop of Australia) visited the Paihia mission in 1838 and performed several firsts in New Zealand including the first Confirmation and Ordination ceremonies.[7]
Herald was a 55-ton schooner that the missionaries built and launched off the beach at Paihia on 24 January 1826.[8][9][10]
In December 1832 the first mention of cricket being played in New Zealand was recorded by Henry Williams.[11] In 1835 a game of cricket was witnessed here by Charles Darwin,[12][13] in December 1835 while the Beagle spent 10 days in the Bay of Islands.[14][15]
In 1835 William Colenso set up the first printing press in New Zealand at Paihia.
In 1850 the mission closed and Paihia declined to a very small settlement by 1890.[16]
20th century
St. Paul's Anglican Church, completed in 1925, is the fifth church built on the site. It is constructed of stone quarried from the Pukaru locality, near Kawakawa and timber from near Waikare.[17] The triptych stained glass windows above the pulpit were commissioned by the Williams Family Trust in commemoration of Sir Nigel Reed for the 175 year family reunion and installed by the artist in 1998. The windows, titled Te Ara O Te Manawa (Pathway of the Heart) are 4 m2 in total size.
In 1926 a road was constructed to Puketona[18] on the main road from Kawakawa to Kerikeri (now State Highway 10) leading to an increase in tourism in the 1930s.[16]
Marae
The local Waimangaro Marae is a traditional meeting ground of the Ngāpuhi hapū of Te Uri Ongaonga;[19] it includes the Waimangaro meeting house.[20]
Education
Paihia School is a coeducational full primary (years 1-8) school with a decile rating of 4 and a roll of 168.[21]
Climate
Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as oceanic (Cfb),[22] but it is rainier in winter. It has strong subtropical influence and is classified as such under the Trewartha system due to its consistent warm temperatures, and is the mildest weather station in New Zealand.
| Climate data for Paihia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 24.6 (76.3) |
24.7 (76.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
18.6 (65.5) |
16.6 (61.9) |
15.8 (60.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
18.6 (65.5) |
20.6 (69.1) |
22.7 (72.9) |
20.0 (68.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 20.2 (68.4) |
20.4 (68.7) |
19.3 (66.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
14.7 (58.5) |
12.8 (55.0) |
12 (54) |
12.3 (54.1) |
13.4 (56.1) |
14.8 (58.6) |
16.6 (61.9) |
18.4 (65.1) |
16.0 (60.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 15.8 (60.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
15.2 (59.4) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.9 (51.6) |
9.1 (48.4) |
8.3 (46.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
9.7 (49.5) |
11.1 (52.0) |
12.6 (54.7) |
14.2 (57.6) |
12.1 (53.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 98 (3.9) |
113 (4.4) |
128 (5.0) |
127 (5.0) |
131 (5.2) |
183 (7.2) |
164 (6.5) |
171 (6.7) |
132 (5.2) |
113 (4.4) |
96 (3.8) |
96 (3.8) |
1,552 (61.1) |
| Average rainy days | 9 | 9 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 152 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 7 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 |
| Source 1: Climate-Data.org (altitude: 0m)[22] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather2Travel for rainy days and sunshine[23] | |||||||||||||
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 °C (70 °F) | 21 °C (70 °F) | 21 °C (70 °F) | 20 °C (68 °F) | 18 °C (64 °F) | 17 °C (63 °F) | 16 °C (61 °F) | 16 °C (61 °F) | 16 °C (61 °F) | 16 °C (61 °F) | 18 °C (64 °F) | 19 °C (66 °F) |
Notes
- ^ "Subnational Population Estimates: At 30 June 2019". Statistics New Zealand. 22 October 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2020. For urban areas, "Subnational population estimates (UA, AU), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996, 2001, 2006–18 (2017 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand. 23 October 2018. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
- ^ a b Caroline Fitzgerald (2004). Letters from the Bay of Islands. Penguin Books, New Zealand. ISBN 0-14-301929-5.
- ^ a b c Caroline Fitzgerald (2011). Te Wiremu - Henry Williams: Early Years in the North. Huia Press. ISBN 978-1-86969-439-5.
- ^ 2013 Census QuickStats about a place : Paihia
- ^ "New Zealand History - Paihia".
- ^ "New Zealand Tourism Guide - Paihia History".
- ^ Wises New Zealand Guide, 7th Edition, 1979. p.331
- ^ Fitzgerald, Caroline (2011). Te Wiremu: Henry Williams – Early Years in the North. Huia Publishers, New Zealand. pp. 65–66. ISBN 978-1-86969-439-5.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|chapterurl=(help) - ^ Fitzgerald, Caroline (2004). Marianne Williams: Letters from the Bay of Islands. Penguin Books, New Zealand. pp. 97–99. ISBN 0-14-301929-5.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|chapterurl=(help) - ^ McLean, Gavin (20 July 2015). "Launching the Herald". 'Shipbuilding - The wooden era', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
- ^ SuperSport: New Zealand Cricket Team
- ^ Todd, S. (1976) Sporting Records of New Zealand. Auckland: Moa Publications. ISBN 0-908570-00-7
- ^ "Beginnings". teara.govt.nz.
- ^ Charles Darwin, Journal of a Voyage Round the World, 1831-36
- ^ Caroline Fitzgerald, (2011) Te Wiremu - Henry Williams: Early Years in the North p. 219-230
- ^ a b "7. Paihia and Waitangi – Northland places – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand". teara.govt.nz.
- ^ "St Paul's Anglican Church, Paihia, Bay of Islands".
- ^ "Thumbnail History of Paihia - as a time-line". paihia.co.nz.
- ^ "Te Kāhui Māngai directory". tkm.govt.nz. Te Puni Kōkiri.
- ^ "Māori Maps". maorimaps.com. Te Potiki National Trust.
- ^ "Te Kete Ipurangi - Paihia School". Ministry of Education.
- ^ a b "Climate: Paihia - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 2014-01-20.
- ^ a b "Paihia Climate and Weather Averages, New Zealand". Weather2Travel. Retrieved 2014-01-20.
External links
