Peroxynitrous acid

Peroxynitrous acid
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Peroxynitrous acid[citation needed]
	Systematic IUPAC name (Hydridodioxido)oxidonitrogen
Identifiers
CAS Number	14691-52-2 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:25942 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1794794 ;
ChemSpider	109951 ;
Gmelin Reference	49207
MeSH	Peroxynitrous+Acid
PubChem CID	123349;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID00163543 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/HNO3/c2-1-4-3/h3H Key: CMFNMSMUKZHDEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	SMILES OON=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	NHO; 3
Molar mass	63.0128 g mol−1
Conjugate base	Peroxynitrite
Related compounds
Related compounds	Nitroxyl; Nitrous acid; Nitrosyl bromide; Nitrosyl chloride; Nitrosyl fluoride;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Peroxynitrous acid (HNO₃) is a reactive nitrogen species (RNS). It is the conjugate acid of peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻). It has a pK_a of ~6.8. It is formed in vivo from the diffusion-controlled reaction of nitrogen monoxide (ON^•) and superoxide (O^•−
₂). It isomerises with a rate constant of k = 1.2 s⁻¹, a process whereby up to 5% of hydroxyl and nitrogen dioxide radicals may be formed. It oxidises and nitrates aromatic compounds in low yield. The mechanism may involve a complex between the aromatic compound and ONOOH, and a transition from the cis- to the trans-configuration of ONOOH.^[3] Peroxynitrous acid is also important in atmospheric chemistry.

It is an isomer of nitric acid.

References

^ N.Connelly and T. Damhus, IUPAC. Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, RSC Publishing, Cambridge, 2005
^ "Peroxynitrous Acid - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ W. H. Koppenol, P. L. Bounds, T. Nauser, R. Kissner, H. Rüegger, "Peroxynitrous acid: controversy and consensus surrounding an enigmatic oxidant", Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 13779–13787.

[1] N.Connelly and T. Damhus, IUPAC. Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, RSC Publishing, Cambridge, 2005

[2] "Peroxynitrous Acid - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 11 April 2012.

[3] W. H. Koppenol, P. L. Bounds, T. Nauser, R. Kissner, H. Rüegger, "Peroxynitrous acid: controversy and consensus surrounding an enigmatic oxidant", Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 13779–13787.

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