Phileosimias

Eosimias Temporal range: Middle Eocene
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Primates
Suborder:	Haplorhini
Infraorder:	Simian
Family:	Eosimiidae†
Genus:	Phileosimias†
species
Phileosimias kamali Phileosimias brahuiorum

Phileosimias is an extinct genus of primates with two species, P. kamli and P. bahuiorum, that are believed to be amongst the earliest simians.

Marivaux et al. announced in 2005 their discovery of fossils of two new species, Phileosimias kamali and Phileosimias brahuiorum, found in the Bugti Hills of Pakistan. They concluded that Phileosimias are almost certainly early simians. However, they felt the fossil evidence (primarily dental specimens) was insufficient to categorise them as Eosimiidae (along with other early simians) or whether they were sufficiently different to be placed into a separate group. The shapes of their molars and premolars differ from species already classified as Eosimidae.

The two species are Phileosimias brahuiorum and Phileosimias kamali, which is slightly larger, but both are estimated to have weighed about 250 grams. They were extant during the Early Oligocene epoch.

The difficulty to resolve this may indicate that Phileosimias are very close to the simian evolution 50 million years ago.

Simians/ (52)	(50) (45) Eosimias (†40 Mya) Phenocopethicus (†42) (45) Bahinia (†32) Nosmips aenigmaticus (†37) Phileosimias brahuiorum (†46) Phileosimias kamali (†46) (48) More advanced Simians
Eosimiidae