Phoenix, Illinois: Difference between revisions
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{{Geobox|Settlement |
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<!-- *** Heading *** --> |
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| name = Phoenix |
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| native_name = |
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| other_name = |
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| category = [[List of towns and villages in Illinois|Village]] |
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<!-- *** Names **** --> |
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| etymology = |
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| official_name = |
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| motto = |
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| nickname = |
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| image = |
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| image_caption = |
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<!-- *** Symbols *** --> |
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| flag = |
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| symbol = |
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<!-- *** Country *** --> |
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| country = United States |
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| state = Illinois |
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| region = [[Cook County, Illinois|Cook]] |
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| region_type = County |
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| district = |
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| district_type = Township |
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| municipality = |
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<!-- *** Locations *** --> |
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| location = |
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| elevation_imperial = |
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| prominence_imperial = |
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| lat_d = 41 |
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| lat_m = 36 |
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| lat_s = 44 |
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| lat_NS = N |
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| long_d = 87 |
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| long_m = 37 |
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| long_s = 50 |
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| long_EW = W |
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| highest = |
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| highest_location = |
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| highest_region = |
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| highest_state = |
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| highest_elevation_imperial = |
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| highest_lat_d = |
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| highest_lat_m = |
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| highest_lat_s = |
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| highest_lat_NS = |
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| highest_long_d = |
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| highest_long_m = |
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| highest_long_s = |
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| highest_long_EW = |
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| lowest = |
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| lowest_location = |
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| lowest_region = |
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| lowest_state = |
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| lowest_elevation_imperial = |
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| lowest_lat_d = |
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| lowest_lat_m = |
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| lowest_lat_s = |
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| lowest_lat_NS = |
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| lowest_long_d = |
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| lowest_long_m = |
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| lowest_long_s = |
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| lowest_long_EW = |
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<!-- *** Dimensions *** --> |
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| length_imperial = |
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| length_orientation = |
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| area_imperial = 0.4 |
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| area_land_imperial = 0.4 |
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| area_water_imperial = |
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| area_urban_imperial = |
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| area_metro_imperial = |
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<!-- *** Population *** --> |
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| population = 2157 |
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| population_date = 2000 |
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| population_urban = |
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| population_metro = |
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| population_density = |
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| population_density_imperial = 4785.5 |
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| population_density_urban_imperial = |
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| population_density_metro_imperial = |
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<!-- *** History & management *** --> |
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| established = |
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| date = |
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| government = |
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| government_location = |
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| government_region = |
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| government_state = |
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| government_elevation_imperial = |
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| government_lat_d = |
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| government_lat_m = |
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| government_lat_s = |
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| government_lat_NS = |
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| government_long_d = |
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| government_long_m = |
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| government_long_s = |
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| government_long_EW = |
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| mayor = Terry Wells |
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| leader = |
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| leader_type = Village president |
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<!-- *** Codes *** --> |
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| timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]] |
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| utc_offset = -6 |
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| timezone_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]] |
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| utc_offset_DST = -5 |
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| postal_code = 60426, 60452 |
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| area_code = 708 |
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| code = |
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| whs_name = |
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| whs_region = |
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| whs_criteria = |
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| iucn_category = |
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<!-- *** Maps *** --> |
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| map = Illinois - outline map.svg |
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<!-- Illinois Locator Map.PNG --> |
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| map_caption = Location of Phoenix within Illinois |
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| map_background = Illinois - background map.png |
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| map_locator = Illinois2 |
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<!-- *** Websites *** --> |
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| commons = Phoenix, Illinois |
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| statistics = |
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| website = |
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<!-- *** Footnotes *** --> |
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| footnotes = |
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}} |
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'''Phoenix''' is a village in [[Cook County, Illinois|Cook County]], [[Illinois]], [[United States]]. The population was 2,157 at the 2000 census. It is located approximately 19 miles south of the [[Chicago Loop]] and is part of the [[Chicago]]–[[Naperville, Illinois|Naperville]]–[[Joliet, Illinois|Joliet]], IL-[[Indiana|IN]]-[[Wisconsin|WI]] [[Chicago metropolitan area|Metropolitan Statistical Area]]. |
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==Geography== |
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Phoenix is located at {{coord|41|36|44|N|87|37|50|W|city}} (41.612333, -87.630545){{GR|1}} in southern Cook County. The village is nestled between [[Harvey, Illinois|Harvey]] and [[South Holland, Illinois|South Holland]].<ref name="Village History">{{cite web | url = http://villageofphoenix.com/About/tabid/54/Default.aspx | title = History of Phoenix | format = | work = | publisher = Village of Phoenix | date = | accessdate = 2009-07-29}}</ref> |
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According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km²), all of it land. |
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==History== |
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The development of Phoenix is closely tied to its larger neighbor, [[Harvey, Illinois|Harvey]]. Harvey was established as an industrial city with no saloons. Many of its early factories were located between the [[Illinois Central Railroad]] and Harvey's eastern boundary at Halstead Street. One local businessman, [[William McLatchy]], owned a large tract of land in an unincorporated area outside of Harvey. Soon, five saloons had opened in the area and a small housing subdivision known as Phenix Park was constructed during the 1890s.<ref name="Encyclopedia of Chicago">{{cite web | url = http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/966.html | title = Phoenix, IL | work = | publisher = Encyclopedia of Chicago | date = | accessdate = 2009-07-29}}</ref> City leaders in Harvey, seeing businesses just outside of their boundaries selling alcohol to local workers, sought to annex Phenix Park and render it "dry" or free of alcohol-related establishments. The residents of Phenix Park wanted to retain local control of their affairs as an independent village. On August 29, 1900, an election was held to determine the future status of the area. A total of 56 votes were cast with 38 (67.9%) voting in favor of incorporation and 18 (32.1%) against.<ref name="Village History"/> Despite legal challenges from Harvey, the result was upheld. |
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After incorporation, the name Phenix Park was changed to Phoenix. By 1910, the village had a population of 500, with most residents being of either [[Dutch people|Dutch]] or [[Polish people|Polish]] ancestry. The first [[African Americans]] moved to Phoenix in 1915. Most came from Chicago and the [[Southern United States|South]]. Industry in Harvey and the railroads provided a strong employment base for Phoenix residents. The African American population steadily increased during the 1920s. By 1930, the village was home to 3,033 people. The demographic makeup of the community was 84.2% White, 15.1% Black, and 0.7% other.<ref name="Encyclopedia of Chicago"/> Growth continued through the 1940s and 1950s. New housing was constructed to accommodate this growth. The population in 1960 was 4,203. At this time, Phoenix had a diverse ethnic composition but the community was racially segregated. African Americans, comprising 65.3% of the population, lived in the northern portion of the village while Whites, forming 34.7% of the population, lived in the southern portion of Phoenix. In 1960, the municipal administration of Phoenix voted to de-annex the predominately White portion of the village into Harvey. The exchange occurred in 1962 and with it, Phoenix lost one-third of its population as well as 60% of its tax base.<ref name="Village History"/> |
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By 1990, the population was 2,217. That figure fell slightly, to 2,157, in 2000.<ref name="Encyclopedia of Chicago"/> |
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==Demographics== |
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As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 2,157 people, 789 households, and 542 families residing in the village. The [[population density]] was 4,785.5 people per square mile (1,850.7/km²). There were 846 housing units at an average density of 1,876.9/sq mi (725.9/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 2.92% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 93.83% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.37% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.05% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.53% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.30% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 4.03% of the population. |
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There were 789 households out of which 28.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 34.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.26. |
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In the village the population was spread out with 28.2% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 86.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.1 males. |
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The median income for a household in the village was $29,643, and the median income for a family was $32,688. Males had a median income of $26,875 versus $26,488 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $14,321. About 18.4% of families and 22.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 32.5% of those under age 18 and 14.2% of those age 65 or over. |
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==Government== |
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Phoenix is in [[Illinois' 2nd congressional district]]. |
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==References== |
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<references /> |
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==External links== |
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*[http://villageofphoenix.com/ Village of Phoenix] - Official site. |
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{{Cook County, Illinois}} |
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[[Category:Villages in Illinois]] |
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[[Category:United States communities with African American majority populations]] |
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[[Category:Populated places in Cook County, Illinois]] |
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[[Category:Chicago metropolitan area]] |
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[[ca:Phoenix (Illinois)]] |
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[[fr:Phoenix (Illinois)]] |
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[[ht:Phoenix, Ilinwa]] |
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[[nl:Phoenix (Illinois)]] |
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[[pt:Phoenix (Illinois)]] |
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[[vo:Phoenix (Illinois)]] |
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