Plinabulin

Plinabulin
Names
	IUPAC name (3Z,6Z)-3-Benzylidene-6-{[5-(2-methyl-2-propanyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]methylene}-2,5-piperazinedione
Identifiers
CAS Number	714272-27-2 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	8125252;
KEGG	D09655;
PubChem CID	9949641;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID201031311 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C19H20N4O2/c1-19(2,3)16-13(20-11-21-16)10-15-18(25)22-14(17(24)23-15)9-12-7-5-4-6-8-12/h4-11H,1-3H3,(H,20,21)(H,22,25)(H,23,24)/b14-9-,15-10- Key: UNRCMCRRFYFGFX-TYPNBTCFSA-N; InChI=1/C19H20N4O2/c1-19(2,3)16-13(20-11-21-16)10-15-18(25)22-14(17(24)23-15)9-12-7-5-4-6-8-12/h4-11H,1-3H3,(H,20,21)(H,22,25)(H,23,24)/b14-9-,15-10- Key: UNRCMCRRFYFGFX-TYPNBTCFBU;
	SMILES O=C3/C(=C/c1nc[nH]c1C(C)(C)C)NC(=O)C(=C\c2ccccc2)\N3;
Properties
Chemical formula	C19H20N4O2
Molar mass	336.395 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Plinabulin (chemical structure, BPI-2358, formerly NPI-2358) is a small molecule under development by BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, and is in a world-wide Phase 3 clinical trial for non-small cell lung cancer. ^[1] Plinabulin blocks the polymerization of tubulin in a unique manner, resulting in multi-factorial effects including an enhanced immune-oncology response, ^[2] activation of the JNK pathway ^[3] and disruption of the tumor blood supply. Plinabulin is being investigated for the reduction of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia ^[4] and for anti-cancer effects in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors ^[5] ^[6] and in KRAS mutated tumors. ^[7]

References

^ "Assessment of Docetaxel + Plinabulin Compared to Docetaxel + Placebo in Patients With Advanced NSCLC With at Least One Measurable Lung Lesion (DUBLIN-3)".
^ Lloyd, G.K.; Muller, Ph.; Kashyap, A.; Zippelius, A.; Huang, L. (January 7–9, 2016), Plinabulin: Evidence for an Immune Mediated Mechanism of Action, San Diego CA {{citation}}: |format= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |conference= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Singh, A.V.; Bandi, M.; Raje, N.; Richardson, P.; Palladino, M.A.; Chauhan, D.; Anderson, K. (2011). "A Novel Vascular Disrupting Agent Plinabulin Triggers JNK-Mediated Apoptosis and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma Cells". Blood. 117 (21): 5692–5700.
^ Heist, R.S.; Aren, O.R.; Mita, A.C.; Polikoff, J.; Bazhenova, L.; Lloyd, G.K.; Mikrut, W.; Reich, W.; Spear, M.A.; Huang, L. (2014), Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Plinabulin (NPI-2358) Plus Docetaxel in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Lung Cancer (NSCLC) {{citation}}: |format= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |book-title= (help); Unknown parameter |conference= ignored (help)
^ "Nivolumab and Plinabulin in Treating Patients With Stage IIIB-IV, Recurrent, or Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer".
^ "Nivolumab in Combination With Plinabulin in Patients With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)".
^ Lloyd, G.K.; Du, L.; Lee, G.; Dalsing-Hernandez, J.; Kotlarczyk, K.; Gonzalez, K.; Nawrocki, S.; Carew, J.; Huang, L. (October 5–9, 2015), Activity of Plinabulin in Tumor Models with Kras Mutations, Boston MA {{citation}}: |format= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |conference= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[1] "Assessment of Docetaxel + Plinabulin Compared to Docetaxel + Placebo in Patients With Advanced NSCLC With at Least One Measurable Lung Lesion (DUBLIN-3)".

[2] Lloyd, G.K.; Muller, Ph.; Kashyap, A.; Zippelius, A.; Huang, L. (January 7–9, 2016), Plinabulin: Evidence for an Immune Mediated Mechanism of Action, San Diego CA {{citation}}: |format= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |conference= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[3] Singh, A.V.; Bandi, M.; Raje, N.; Richardson, P.; Palladino, M.A.; Chauhan, D.; Anderson, K. (2011). "A Novel Vascular Disrupting Agent Plinabulin Triggers JNK-Mediated Apoptosis and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma Cells". Blood. 117 (21): 5692–5700.

[4] Heist, R.S.; Aren, O.R.; Mita, A.C.; Polikoff, J.; Bazhenova, L.; Lloyd, G.K.; Mikrut, W.; Reich, W.; Spear, M.A.; Huang, L. (2014), Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Plinabulin (NPI-2358) Plus Docetaxel in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Lung Cancer (NSCLC) {{citation}}: |format= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |book-title= (help); Unknown parameter |conference= ignored (help)

[5] "Nivolumab and Plinabulin in Treating Patients With Stage IIIB-IV, Recurrent, or Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer".

[6] "Nivolumab in Combination With Plinabulin in Patients With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)".

[7] Lloyd, G.K.; Du, L.; Lee, G.; Dalsing-Hernandez, J.; Kotlarczyk, K.; Gonzalez, K.; Nawrocki, S.; Carew, J.; Huang, L. (October 5–9, 2015), Activity of Plinabulin in Tumor Models with Kras Mutations, Boston MA {{citation}}: |format= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |conference= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

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